Sulfur nanocomposites with insecticidal effect for the control of Bactericera cockerelli

• Lany S. Araujo-Yépez,
• Juan O. Tigrero-Salas,
• Vicente A. Delgado-Rodríguez,
• Vladimir A. Aguirre-Yela and
• Josué N. Villota-Méndez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1106–1115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.91

• different chemical methods [18][19]. Elemental sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) have already demonstrated significant insecticidal, fungicidal, and bactericidal activity [20][21]. By manipulating particle size and surface area, SNPs can exhibit higher absorption, increase the efficacy of new insecticide

• to improve the insecticidal efficacy because the higher surface area and specificity provide stronger contact of the active substance with the insects [45]. The working mechanism of the nanocomposites may be the effective penetration through pores and microfibrils of the insects’ cuticle [45] and the

Density functional theory study of Au-fcc/Ge and Au-hcp/Ge interfaces

• Olga Sikora,
• Małgorzata Sternik,
• Benedykt R. Jany,
• Franciszek Krok,
• Przemysław Piekarz and
• Andrzej M. Oleś

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1093–1105, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.90

• , Poland 10.3762/bjnano.14.90 Abstract In recent years, nanostructures with hexagonal polytypes of gold have been synthesised, opening new possibilities in nanoscience and nanotechnology. As bulk gold crystallizes in the fcc phase, surface effects can play an important role in stabilizing hexagonal gold

• experiments are characterized by ABAB (hcp) or ABAC (dhcp) stacking patterns. The hcp surface has been observed experimentally in nanowires [16] and ultrathin sheets on graphene oxide [17]. Nanoribbons with metastable dhcp structure have been also reported [18][19] and were used to grow the dhcp forms of

• results show that the Au-fcc borders the Ge(001) surface, whereas a preferred hcp crystal orientation is when the Au(010) plane, or Au() in the Miller–Bravais notation, is parallel to the Ge(111) plane. An atomistic model of the planar interface between Au-fcc and Ge(001) was also proposed. First

Properties of tin oxide films grown by atomic layer deposition from tin tetraiodide and ozone

• Kristjan Kalam,
• Peeter Ritslaid,
• Tanel Käämbre,
• Aile Tamm and
• Kaupo Kukli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1085–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.89

• photocurrent and normalising the signal to a reference photocurrent signal from a clean gold mesh located behind the last optical element of the beamline. Results and Discussion To establish the evaporator temperature that provides the maximum coverage of substrate surface with precursor molecules and

• a SnI4 exposure time of 5 s is sufficient for effective coverage of the surface with adsorbed species. In the same manner, through varying the O3 pulse length an optimal pulse length was derived (not shown here). Varying the number of ALD cycles showed that there was no significant incubation period

• ]. Plausibly, the initial increase in the GPC up to 300 °C is caused by the gradually enhancing decomposition of metal iodide on the receiving surface, which is not to be regarded as self-saturating adsorption process. Nevertheless, in the adsorption step, more metal is added to the growing layer upon

Dual-heterodyne Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Benjamin Grévin,
• Fatima Husainy,
• Dmitry Aldakov and
• Cyril Aumaître

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1068–1084, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.88

• time-periodic surface electrostatic potential generated under optical (or electrical) pumping with an atomic force microscope. The modulus and phase coefficients are probed by exploiting a double heterodyne frequency mixing effect between the mechanical oscillation of the cantilever, modulated

• achieved by using two numerical lock-in amplifiers configured in cascade. Dual-heterodyne KPFM (DHe-KPFM) can be used to map any harmonic (amplitude/phase) of the time-periodic surface potential at a standard scanning speed. The Fourier spectrum (series of harmonics) can also be recorded in spectroscopic

• mode (DHe-KPFM spectroscopy), and 2D dynamic images can be acquired in data cube mode. The capabilities of DHe-KPFM in terms of time-resolved measurements, surface photovoltage (SPV) imaging, and detection of weak SPV signals are demonstrated through a series of experiments on difference surfaces: a

Spatial mapping of photovoltage and light-induced displacement of on-chip coupled piezo/photodiodes by Kelvin probe force microscopy under modulated illumination

• Zeinab Eftekhari,
• Nasim Rezaei,
• Hidde Stokkel,
• Jian-Yao Zheng,
• Andrea Cerreta,
• Ilka Hermes,
• Minh Nguyen,
• Guus Rijnders and
• Rebecca Saive

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1059–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.87

• In this work, a silicon photodiode integrated with a piezoelectric membrane is studied by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) under modulated illumination. Time-dependent KPFM enables simultaneous quantification of the surface photovoltage generated by the photodiode as well as the resulting

• spatially map voltage-induced oscillation of various sizes of piezoelectric membranes without the photodiode to investigate their position- and size-dependent displacement. Keywords: Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM); light-driven micro/nano systems; piezoelectric membrane; surface photovoltage (SPV

• in combination with illumination has been used to investigate photo-generated charge carriers of photovoltaic materials and devices. This is done by determining the CPD shift under illumination known as surface photovoltage (SPV) by calculating SPV = CPDlight − CPDdark, whereas CPDdark is the CPD in

Experimental investigation of usage of POE lubricants with Al₂O₃, graphene or CNT nanoparticles in a refrigeration compressor

• Kayhan Dağıdır and
• Kemal Bilen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1041–1058, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.86

• interface between particles and the liquid in a solid–liquid suspension, enhancing the interfacial area can result in more effective thermal transport properties. Smaller particle sizes result in higher surface-to-volume ratios, consequently raising the thermal conductivity of the liquid. This is attributed

• to the fact that heat transfer is fundamentally a surface-related process [5]. Nanolubricants have been widely used in recent years to improve the performance of refrigeration compressors [6][7][8]. Singh et al. [9] experimentally verified the effect of addition of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT

• be accurately determined with the help of the FE-SEM micrographs due to the curved structure of the CNT. Nevertheless, the overlapping average diameter information corroborates the data provided by the manufacturer. Additionally, Figure 6b shows that the CNTs have a smooth surface with mixed tube

Recognition mechanisms of hemoglobin particles by monocytes – CD163 may just be one

• Jonathan-Gabriel Nimz,
• Pichayut Rerkshanandana,
• Chiraphat Kloypan,
• Ulrich Kalus,
• Saranya Chaiwaree,
• Axel Pruß,
• Radostina Georgieva,
• Yu Xiong and
• Hans Bäumler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1028–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.85

• HBOCs have been devised. Crosslinking of different Hb chains, polymerization of Hb molecules [16][17][18], surface modification [19], and techniques for encapsulation [20][21] already brought us somewhat closer towards a safe use of HBOCs [22]. However, a persistent problem is the severely limited

• occur in the liver [24][25][26]. The question of the mechanisms by which HBOCs are sequestered remains partly unclear though. Possible degradation pathways include haptoglobin (Hp), which, depending on the size and surface properties of HBOCs, could bind its physiological target protein hemoglobin [16

• scavenging and consecutive increase in peripheral vascular resistance. Whether binding between cell surface proteins and Hb/HBOC can occur, and how high the corresponding affinity is, probably depends on modifications made to Hb. Intramolecular crosslinking has an impact, depending on whether the binding

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• applications, photodetection is an attractive area because photodetectors are the critial component to convert photon energy into electrical signals based on a nonlinear interaction between electromagnetic field and material surface [7]. Currently, many scientists are studying this topic in order to apply

• properties of ZnO nanostructures, such as bandgap or conductivity [26]. Decorating ZnO with metals such as Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, and Al [27][28] can provide surface plasmonic effects that assist the electron transfer process in materials and extend the light absorption range of a photodetector [29][30]. However

• to the bandgap of ZnO (Eg = 3.2 eV). Especially, the CuO NPs/ZnO NRs sample exhibits absorption in the visible-light region. Decorating CuO NPs on ZnO NRs allows for more light scattering and absorption because the material’s surface and edges become rougher than the flat surface of pristine ZnO NRs

Exploring internal structures and properties of terpolymer fibers via real-space characterizations

• Michael R. Roenbeck and
• Kenneth E. Strawhecker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1004–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.83

• through real-space mapping. Complementing these full-fiber scans, high-resolution topography and stiffness maps on smaller fiber subdomains were also obtained to study the nanostructure of Technora®. From detailed topography maps, we found that the well-aligned surface features observed on the full

• -diameter map were fibrillar in structure (Figure 3a). The surface consisted of a branched network of fibrils closely aligned to the fiber axis, as highlighted in Figure 3b. The widths of individual fibrils varied substantially (20–45 nm) along their length. Unlike in other polymer fibers we have explored

• to date, in Technora®, these features regularly merge and separate from one another, intersecting at nodes and splitting off into fibrils with distinct dimensions [9][10][11][12][13]. Likewise, some fibrils appear to protrude into and out from the primary surface exposed by FIB notching, suggesting

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• assays (LFAs) are currently the most widely used point-of-care testing technique with remarkable advantages such as simple operation, rapid analysis, portability, and low cost. Traditionally, gold nanoparticles are employed as tracer element in LFAs due to their strong localised surface plasmon resonance

• , before being captured by immobilized biomolecules on a test line in the nitrocellulose membrane [6][7]. In conventional LFAs, most commonly gold nanoparticles and coloured cellulose nanobeads have been used as tracer elements because of strong light absorption and surface plasmon resonance, which yield

• ]. However, even with these modifications, it relied on the colorimetric principle and was not applicable for the quantitative determination of analytes. In recent years, to address these challenges, various signal amplification strategies, such as DNA amplification, nanozyme activity, surface-enhanced Raman

Fragmentation of metal(II) bis(acetylacetonate) complexes induced by slow electrons

• Janina Kopyra and
• Hassan Abdoul-Carime

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 980–987, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.81

• electron beam with an organometallic target (e.g., focused electron beam-induced deposition, FEBID) is a promising technique for direct 3D deposition of high-purity materials with minimum residual carbon in the product on the surface [4][5]. The FEBID precursor molecules adsorb and diffuse on the surface

• , where they are decomposed under the focused kiloelectronvolt electron beam. In this technique, both the primary ionizing particles and the secondary species (e.g., ballistic electrons) with energies below 20 eV [6][7] lead to the decomposition of the molecules and the subsequent surface modification

Isolation of cubic Si₃P₄ in the form of nanocrystals

• Polina K. Nikiforova,
• Sergei S. Bubenov,
• Vadim B. Platonov,
• Andrey S. Kumskov,
• Nikolay N. Kononov,
• Tatyana A. Kuznetsova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 971–979, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.80

• facile lithium transport and possess a promising capacity of 2700 and 862/737 mA·h·g−1, respectively [16][17]. In the case of the synthesized nanoscale particles, a high level of Li mobility can be reached because of their developed surface and the interconnected ordered network of silicon vacancies with

• minor separation occurring on the surface of the NPs [22][23]. The temperature (670 °C) and duration t of the preliminary experiment were chosen through the estimation of the diffusion length l from bulk silicon diffusion constants [24] using the following equation: where D is the diffusion constant

• under the chosen conditions. Based on a calculated length of 2.4 nm, it was expected that the phosphorus would distribute near the surface of 20 nm Si NPs. To examine the hypothesis of a controlled surface phosphorus distribution, a hydrogenation of the Si NPs was performed first (the results of the

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials for CO₂ storage: A review

• Ha Huu Do,
• Iqra Rabani and
• Hai Bang Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 964–970, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.79

• , directly linked to the rise in global temperature, has raised significant attention. Carbon capture and storage, particularly in association with adsorbents, has occurred as a pivotal approach to address this pressing issue. Large surface area, high porosity, and abundant adsorption sites make metal

• frameworks (MOFs) [11][12][13]. Notably, MOFs constructed from metal ions and organic linkers are expected to be alternative materials to the organic alcohol amines in CCS [14]. These nanosized materials posess unique properties such as ultrahigh surface area, tunable pore size, open metal sites (OMSs), and

• facile post-synthetic modifications, which allow for diverse strategies towards efficient adsorption and separation of gas molecules [15]. Among the nanosized MOFs, MOF-210 has demonstrated a remarkable ability to adsorb CO2 (54.5 mmol·g−1 at 50 bar, 298 K) owing to its large surface area of 6240 m2·g−1

Low temperature atomic layer deposition of cobalt using dicobalt hexacarbonyl-1-heptyne as precursor

• Mathias Franz,
• Mahnaz Safian Jouzdani,
• Lysann Kaßner,
• Marcus Daniel,
• Frank Stahr and
• Stefan E. Schulz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 951–963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.78

• deposition is determined by the self-limiting behaviour of surface adsorption, and the reaction is completed in the second half cycle with an additional reactant. Therefore, the growth rate is nearly independent of the cycle time. The upper limit for this self-limiting growth is usually the thermal

• cobalt precursor delivery and without any further reacting gases. The precursor was provided via the showerhead over the whole wafer surface. The depositions were done at 90, 100, 125, and 150 °C. The ALD depositions were carried out with molecular hydrogen (H2) as second precursor. During the H2 pulsing

• from VG Scienta using a fixed pass energy of 200 eV. The sample was pre-cleaned by argon sputtering for 2 min with 4.0 keV acceleration energy to remove surface adsorbents and contaminations. The data were analysed using MATPLOTLIB [27][28] and LMFIT [29]. The XPS spectra were corrected using the

Prediction of cytotoxicity of heavy metals adsorbed on nano-TiO₂ with periodic table descriptors using machine learning approaches

• Joyita Roy,
• Souvik Pore and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 939–950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.77

• diverse applications. TiO2 has been shown to be a promising material for practical applications because it is highly photoreactive, inexpensive, non-toxic, chemically and biologically inert, and photostable. Also, nano-TiO2 exhibits high specific surface area and anti-corrosion and photocatalytic

• derivatives [15], 51 manufactured nanoparticles with varying core metals, coatings, and surface attachments [16], and 80 surface-modified multiwall carbon nanotubes have been reported. Another approach, namely nano-read-across (nano-RA) [17], has been used to determine the cytotoxicity of unknown

Upscaling the urea method synthesis of CoAl layered double hydroxides

• Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández,
• Víctor Oestreicher,
• Martín Mizrahi and
• Gonzalo Abellán

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 927–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.76

• ). Finally, textural properties were also evaluated by N2 and CO2 adsorption–desorption isotherms to observe possible changes in the surface area of the samples. Figure 5C shows the N2 isotherms at 77 K. The samples present type-IV adsorption isotherms (according to IUPAC classification) with an H3

• hysteresis loop [71][72][73][74][75][76] and a low specific surface area (<50 m2/g) as previously reported [46]. Additional data, such as pore contributions (micro-, meso- and macropores) and other textural parameters, are compiled in Figure S16 and Table S8 (Supporting Information File 1). To conclude

• h at 523 K and 5 × 10−5 bar. The desorption branch of the N2 isotherm was used to determine the pore size distribution using the BJH method. The surface area was determined using the BET method. The micropores volumes were determined by applying t-plot and DR methods. X-ray absorption spectroscopy X

Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics

• Mamta Kumari,
• Amitabha Acharya and
• Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 912–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.75

• of nanoscale chemotherapeutics is accomplished by two different approaches, namely the exploitation of leaky tumor vasculature (EPR effect) and the surface modification of nanoparticles (NPs) with various tumor-homing peptides, aptamers, oligonucleotides, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Because of

• fragment antigen-binding (Fab) region of mAbs are chemically conjugated to NP surfaces to recognize protein targets that are overexpressed on the surface of tumor cells. Conjugation of mAbs to NP surfaces improves targeting capacity, cellular uptake, and intracellular stability [12]. The mAb-functionalized

• NPs specifically bind to the cell surface proteins and deliver the drug cargo to tumor sites via passive or active targeting. As a result, the therapeutic ratio is improved. At the same time, the systemic toxicity is reduced and the therapeutic efficacy is increased [13]. Antibody-conjugated NPs

Ni, Co, Zn, and Cu metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials for electrochemical reduction of CO₂: A review

• Ha Huu Do and
• Hai Bang Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 904–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.74

• of converting CO2 into valuable chemicals through electrochemical techniques has garnered significant attention. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have occured as highly prospective materials for the reduction of CO2, owing to their exceptional attributes including extensive surface area, customizable

• [28][29][30], and biomedical [31] applications. These materials are distinguished by their exceptional attributes, including a substantial specific surface area, pronounced porosity, and modifiable chemical structures [32]. Within the catalytic domain, MOFs demonstrate catalytic activity stemming from

• (2D) MOFs represent a novel addition to the family of 2D materials. Particularly, 2D MOF nanolayers with several outstanding characteristics, such as high surface area and abundant exposed active sites, have been studied for CO2RR. As a case in point, Wu et al. prepared 2D Ni-based zeolitic imidazole

Two-dimensional molecular networks at the solid/liquid interface and the role of alkyl chains in their building blocks

• Suyi Liu,
• Yasuo Norikane and
• Yoshihiro Kikkawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 872–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.72

• monolayers can be prepared by simply placing the sample solution on a freshly cleaved HOPG surface. The self-assembly at the solid/liquid interface is characterized by the following properties: (i) The correlation between the molecular structure and resultant 2D arrangements can be revealed by STM with high

• lattice directions [44]. Orientation of alkyl chain backbone on the HOPG surface has also been discussed. There are edge-on and flat-on orientations, in which the all-trans zigzag plane of the alkyl chain is perpendicular and parallel to the surface, respectively. Edge-on oriented alkyl chain adsorption

• functionalized group have been reported to exhibit distorted adsorption on HOPG in some cases [44][58][59][60][61]. This review mainly focuses on the alkyl chain effects on the HOPG surface. However, it is important to note that the kinds of substrate have influence on the 2D molecular self-assemblies. 2D

N-Heterocyclic carbene-based gold etchants

• Robert B. Chevalier,
• Justin Pantano,
• Matthew K. Kiesewetter and
• Jason R. Dwyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 865–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.71

• dissolution of gold. We present scanning electron micrographs and elemental imaging analyses by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to examine the effect of solutions of each species on the gold film. This work highlights the risk of unwanted etching during some routes to NHC-based surface functionalization

• conditions that the thiol-linked monolayer can be exposed to, prompting the development of alternative surface linking chemistry [12]. N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based monolayers have received increasing attention for their reported stability under a variety of harsh conditions [11][13][14][15][16]. Indeed

• attachment of NHCs to gold and the properties of the corresponding monolayers have been studied using conventional surface science techniques under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions [13][14]. NHC monolayers have also been used in applications such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and surface plasmon

Industrial perspectives for personalized microneedles

• Remmi Danae Baker-Sediako,
• Benjamin Richter,
• Matthias Blaicher,
• Michael Thiel and
• Martin Hermatschweiler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.70

• artifact from slicing the computer-aided design (CAD) into layers [47][48]. The staircase effect leads to increased surface roughness of the order of micrometers, and high surface roughness on the microneedles will require substantially more pressure to penetrate the skin. These slicing artifacts

• staircase effect, albeit on a smaller scale. The staircase effect affects the surface quality and shape accuracy for complex geometries found in bio-inspired microneedles. It may also limit design freedom, such as the structural quality of overhanging features. Taking inspiration from similar challenges in

• free-standing 3D structures for the first time [62]. They also demonstrated that 3D printing by 2GL® was faster with better surface quality and shape accuracy than 2PP layer-by-layer methods [62]. Currently, Nanoscribe GmbH & Co is exploring 2GL® in three dimensions, and we look forward to the

Biomimetics on the micro- and nanoscale – The 25th anniversary of the lotus effect

• Matthias Mail,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Thomas Speck,
• William M. Megill and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69

• “Purity of the sacred lotus” [1] in which they described the superhydrophobic surfaces and the self-cleaning ability of some plants (the so-called “lotus effect”, see Figure 1). This paper led to a paradigm shift in surface sciences. It generated a lot of interest at the time and continues today to

• important milestone for the field of biomimetics. We, the guest editors of this thematic issue, could imagine no better way to celebrate that achievement than to gather a new set of publications in the fields of biology and materials science. In fact, these publications identify current topics in surface

• pest insects by reducing the frictional forces experienced when they walk on the leaves. This structure might also provide mechanical stability to the growing plant organs and has an impact on the wettability of the leaves. Using polymer replicas of adaxial leaf surfaces at various scales, the surface

Ultralow-energy amorphization of contaminated silicon samples investigated by molecular dynamics

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 834–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.68

• , Luxembourg Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA 10.3762/bjnano.14.68 Abstract Ion beam processes related to focused ion beam milling, surface patterning, and secondary ion mass spectrometry require precision and control. Quality and cleanliness of the sample are also crucial factors

• depths. Yet, low-energy ion beams come with a variety of challenges. When such low energies are used, the residual gas molecules in the instrument chamber can adsorb on the sample surface and impact the ion beam processes. In this paper we pursue an investigation on the effects of the most common

• . Keywords: angle dependency; argon; contamination; energy dependency; ion bombardment; low energy; molecular dynamics; silicon; simulations; water; Introduction Low-energy ion beams offer substantial improvements and possibilities to reduce the damage production on the surface of samples [1][2]. In recent

A wearable nanoscale heart sound sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR and its application in cardiac disease detection

• Yi Luo,
• Jian Liu,
• Jiachang Zhang,
• Yu Xiao,
• Ying Wu and
• Zhidong Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 819–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.67

• . SEM images of a pure PVDF film in Figure 8a and Figure 8b exhibit filamentous fibers with a relatively smooth surface. In contrast, Figure 8c and Figure 8d show that the addition of ZnO to the P(VDF-TrFE) filaments leads to a rough and granular surface, caused by the aggregation of ZnO particles that

• embed onto the filament surface. By examining Figure 8e and Figure 8f, we observe that trace amounts of GR effectively inhibit the aggregation of ZnO particles, resulting in a smoother surface of P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR nanofilm filaments compared to P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO. The average fiber diameters of P(VDF-TrFE

• from 65 to 85 dB, the force exerted on the surface of the piezoelectric film also increases. This leads to a corresponding increase in the peak voltage within the film, which rises from 1.76 to 3.29 V. Additionally, the stress distribution within the film exhibits an upward trend, rising from 21.9 to

Nanostructured lipid carriers containing benznidazole: physicochemical, biopharmaceutical and cellular in vitro studies

• Giuliana Muraca,
• María Esperanza Ruiz,
• Rocío C. Gambaro,
• Sebastián Scioli-Montoto,
• María Laura Sbaraglini,
• Gisel Padula,
• José Sebastián Cisneros,
• Cecilia Yamil Chain,
• Vera A. Álvarez,
• Cristián Huck-Iriart,
• Guillermo R. Castro,
• María Belén Piñero,
• Matias Ildebrando Marchetto,
• Catalina Alba Soto,
• Germán A. Islan and
• Alan Talevi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 804–818, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.66

• trypanocidal activity against trypomastigotes compared to that of the free drug [18]. Among the aforementioned nanosystems, SLNs have recently gained special attention owing to their biocompatibility properties, biodegradability, relatively easy surface and composition modification, and efficacy in loading and

• used to analyze the nanoparticle surface composition and determine the possible interactions among the formulation components (Figure 4). The BNZ spectrum presented its characteristic peaks at 3264 cm−1 corresponding to N–H in the secondary amide bond, 1652 cm−1 to C=O in the amide, 1523–1400 cm−1 to N

• the 3000 cm−1 region – 2910 cm−1, 2883 cm−1, and 2854 cm−1 – due to the presence of the lipid and surfactant). In contrast, the spectra did not show peaks that could be linked to BNZ, suggesting that drug molecules were not on the nanoparticle surface but rather dispersed into the lipid matrix [24