High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• conductivity of the Mo ion [17][18][19]. Unfortunately, despite the fact that NiMoO4 has a high theoretical capacitance, its widespread practical application in supercapacitors is still restricted due to its low practical capacitance as well as the poor rate performance and wettability. Therefore, the

An investigation on the drag reduction performance of bioinspired pipeline surfaces with transverse microgrooves

• Weili Liu,
• Hongjian Ni,
• Peng Wang and
• Yi Zhou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 24–40, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.3

• viscous drag was mainly caused by the above effects. (2) Wettability: Jung and co-workers [41] found through experiments that microstructures with a higher contact angle provided a higher reduction of pressure drop in both laminar and turbulent water flows. Since surface wettability had a significant

• influence on the turbulent flow drag, the contact angle of the experimental specimen was measured by the sessile drop method to investigate the impact of the microgrooves on the wettability of the pipeline surface. As shown in Figure 20, the contact angles were 68 and 99° on the smooth and the microgrooved

• . Conclusion In this study, the feasibility of applying bionic theory to pipeline surfaces to reduce the drag was investigated by numerical simulations and experimental methods. Besides, the drag reduction mechanism of transverse microgrooves was revealed in terms of flow field characteristics and wettability

Evaluation of click chemistry microarrays for immunosensing of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

• Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Dadfar,
• Sylwia Sekula-Neuner,
• Vanessa Trouillet,
• Hui-Yu Liu,
• Ravi Kumar,
• Annie K. Powell and
• Michael Hirtz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2505–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.241

• detection. To this end, a sandwich strategy is employed by attaching a second biotinylated antibody and a fluorescently labeled streptavidin. Further sensitivity improvements are expected upon utilizing novel antifouling and special wettability surfaces [43][44]. Our results highlight the utility of binding

Self-assembly of a terbium(III) 1D coordination polymer on mica

• Quentin Evrard,
• Giuseppe Cucinotta,
• Felix Houard,
• Guillaume Calvez,
• Yan Suffren,
• Carole Daiguebonne,
• Olivier Guillou,
• Andrea Caneschi,
• Matteo Mannini and
• Kevin Bernot

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2440–2448, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.234

• probable, relies on the presence of water on the air-cleaved mica surface, leading to the formation of [Tb(hfac)3·2H2O]n chains. Indeed, reactions between the mica surface, atmospheric CO2 and water occur instantaneously after cleavage in air [26]. The high wettability of mica under these conditions favors

Tuning the performance of vanadium redox flow batteries by modifying the structural defects of the carbon felt electrode

• Ditty Dixon,
• Deepu Joseph Babu,
• Aiswarya Bhaskar,
• Hans-Michael Bruns,
• Joerg J. Schneider,
• Frieder Scheiba and
• Helmut Ehrenberg

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1698–1706, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.165

• process enhanced the wettability of the felt, which in turn facilitates the adsorption of the V2+/V3+ ions. Apart from defects in the form of N-doping, a higher amount of edge sites formed during the N2-plasma process also influences the V3+/V2+ redox reaction. This is because the half-cell reaction is

Upcycling of polyurethane waste by mechanochemistry: synthesis of N-doped porous carbon materials for supercapacitor applications

• Christina Schneidermann,
• Pascal Otto,
• Desirée Leistenschneider,
• Sven Grätz,
• Claudia Eßbach and
• Lars Borchardt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1618–1627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.157

• carbon materials can be functionalized with heteroatoms such as nitrogen, which was reported to affect the electrical conductivity [39][40][41][42], the energy storage capacity, and the wettability of the electrodes with electrolyte [43][44][45]. Commonly, nitrogen is inserted into the carbon framework

• -3, exhibiting a lower nitrogen content, absorbed the water after 20 s. Thus, the higher nitrogen content benefits the wettability of the carbon surface. Electrochemical characterization The produced carbon materials differ in terms of specific surface area, pore sizes, and nitrogen content

• these materials could also be extended to other energy storage systems such as Li-ion batteries or waste-water purification, wherever materials with a high surface area and improved wettability are required. Experimental Synthesis of N-doped carbon In a similar manner to [36][64], nitrogen-doped porous

Nanoscale optical and structural characterisation of silk

• Meguya Ryu,
• Reo Honda,
• Adrian Cernescu,
• Arturas Vailionis,
• Armandas Balčytis,
• Jitraporn Vongsvivut,
• Jing-Liang Li,
• Denver P. Linklater,
• Elena P. Ivanova,
• Vygantas Mizeikis,
• Mark J. Tobin,
• Junko Morikawa and
• Saulius Juodkazis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 922–929, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.93

• controllable surface wettability, anti-biofouling, anti-reflection, and biocidal/bactericidal properties [4][5]. For example, the motheye plastic films produced by roll-to-roll technology already replicate nanopillars with 100 nm separation (MOSMITE from Mitsubishi Chemicals Ltd.). The structural and optical

Rapid, ultraviolet-induced, reversibly switchable wettability of superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces

• Yunlu Pan,
• Wenting Kong,
• Bharat Bhushan and
• Xuezeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 866–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.87

• and Biomimetics (NLBB), The Ohio State University, 201 W. 19th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1142, USA 10.3762/bjnano.10.87 Abstract Controllable wettability is important for a wide range of applications, including intelligent switching, self-cleaning and oil/water separation. In this work, rapid

• switching and extreme wettability changes upon ultraviolet (UV) illumination were investigated. TiO2 nanoparticles were modified in solutions of trimethoxy(alkyl)silane, and the suspensions were sprayed on glass substrates. For such samples, the water contact angle (WCA) was shown to transition from a

• than 165° to almost 0°. To further investigate the wettability transition, trimethoxy(alkyl)silane and Al2O3 nanoparticles (which are not photocatalytic) were mixed and spray-coated onto the glass substrates as the control samples. Then the unrecoverable change of trimethoxy(alkyl)silane under UV

Novel reversibly switchable wettability of superhydrophobic–superhydrophilic surfaces induced by charge injection and heating

• Xiangdong Ye,
• Junwen Hou and
• Dongbao Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 840–847, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.84

• Xiangdong Ye Junwen Hou Dongbao Cai School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Nano Materials and Technology, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China 10.3762/bjnano.10.84 Abstract Reversibly switching wettability between

• accumulation of solid–liquid interfacial charges, we discovered a phenomenon where charge injection and accumulation at the solid surface results in a sharp increase in wettability. The wettability of a sprayed SiO2 nanoparticle coating on a glass slide was shown to change from superhydrophobic to

• superhydrophilic by charge injection and heating, and the superhydrophobicity was restored by heating, verifying a reversible superhydrophobic–superhydrophilic conversion. The influence of voltage, temperature, and time on the coating wettability and its durability under reversible conversion have been studied

Self-assembly and wetting properties of gold nanorod–CTAB molecules on HOPG

• Imtiaz Ahmad,
• Floor Derkink,
• Tim Boulogne,
• Pantelis Bampoulis,
• Harold J. W. Zandvliet,
• Hidayat Ullah Khan,
• Rahim Jan and
• E. Stefan Kooij

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 696–705, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.69

• surface. The self-assembled layers of CTAB molecules on the HOPG terraces prior to nanorod deposition were shown to change the wettability of the surface, and as a result, gold nanorod deposition takes place on nonwetting HOPG terraces. Keywords: CTAB; gold nanorods; micelles; self-assembly; wettability

• superstructures on HOPG substrates using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The assembly of CTAB molecules was investigated at various positions on the substrate. Also, the role of CTAB molecules that changes the wettability of the HOPG terraces is discussed in relation to the previous work [51]. The application of

• the droplet. As such the wettability of the HOPG surface was transformed by establishing a hydrophilic layer underneath the nanorods. In Figure 2 AFM images reveal CTAB stripes oriented in two specific directions, as indicated by the arrows. The angle between these directions is 60° or 120°, as shown

Ultraviolet patterns of flowers revealed in polymer replica – caused by surface architecture

• Anna J. Schulte,
• Matthias Mail,
• Lisa A. Hahn and
• Wilhelm Barthlott

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 459–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.45

• multifunctional interface. Many of its functions are determined not only by its chemical composition, but also by its surface micro- and nanoarchitecture. Superhydrophobicity [1] is the classical example which can occur even on a chemically hydrophilic surface. Not only is the wettability important, but it must

Biocompatible organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on nucleobases and titanium developed by molecular layer deposition

• Leva Momtazi,
• Henrik H. Sønsteby and
• Ola Nilsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 399–411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.39

• unaffected by exposure to air. The wettability of the surfaces was investigated by measuring the contact angle of water for different films using a goniometer. The contact angle was measured on three different spots for each sample. Each spot was measured 10 times in steps of adding 2 µL of water. All three

Sub-wavelength waveguide properties of 1D and surface-functionalized SnO₂ nanostructures of various morphologies

• Venkataramana Bonu,
• Binaya Kumar Sahu,
• Arindam Das,
• Sankarakumar Amirthapandian,
• Sandip Dhara and
• Harish C. Barshilia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 379–388, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.37

• nanoparticles [18] have been reported in our previous studies. We have also deciphered strong correlations of various defects in SnO2 NSs for chemical gas sensing [13] and wettability properties [19]. The growth of metal oxides with controllable dimensions is an important area for technological applications. In

A comparison of tarsal morphology and traction force in the two burying beetles Nicrophorus nepalensis and Nicrophorus vespilloides (Coleoptera, Silphidae)

• Liesa Schnee,
• Benjamin Sampalla,
• Josef K. Müller and
• Oliver Betz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 47–61, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.5

• ., being either hydrophilic (treated with plasma) or hydrophobic (treated with antispread). The data were compared between and within the species. The within-species comparisons were conducted between the different surface properties such as roughness and wettability. Results Tarsus morphology At its

• as diiodomethane) than with polar substances. However, in contrast to both the other surfaces, the surface with 11 µm roughness showed a higher surface polarity and an improved wettability towards polar liquids such as water. As surface free energies of real solids are always influenced by surface

• the other two test surfaces (except N. nepalensis on the micro-rough hydrophilic surface). Effect of wettability of test surfaces The smallest but still significant impact on the safety factor was the factor surface polarity. However, the pairwise comparison for both species and the three tested

Controlling surface morphology and sensitivity of granular and porous silver films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS

• Sherif Okeil and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2813–2831, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.263

• contact angle measurements of the plasma treated silver films (Figure 10). A change in surface wettability was obtained after the different plasma treatments. Obviously all rf plasma treatments lead to better wettabilities (water contact angles between 44.7° ± 0.11° and 106.6° ± 0.53°) when compared to

Biomimetic surface structures in steel fabricated with femtosecond laser pulses: influence of laser rescanning on morphology and wettability

• Camilo Florian Baron,
• Alexandros Mimidis,
• Daniel Puerto,
• Evangelos Skoulas,
• Emmanuel Stratakis,
• Javier Solis and
• Jan Siegel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2802–2812, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.262

• rescanned with the laser. The latter parameter is identified to be crucial for controlling the morphology and size of specific structures. As an example for the functionality of the structures, we have chosen the surface wettability and studied its dependence on the laser processing parameters. Contact

• surface structures; laser rescanning; steel; wettability; Introduction Complex structures found in nature often present properties that are attractive for applications in science and technology. The hydrophobicity found at the lotus leaf surface [1], the exceptional adhesion capability of gecko feet [2

• [36], demonstrating considerable friction reduction although with only limited morphological similarity. Our approach based on laser-induced self-organization upon rescanning leads to a better similarity, and the functional performance in terms of wettability shows extraordinary results, as will be

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

Filling nanopipettes with apertures smaller than 50 nm: dynamic microdistillation

• Evelyne Salançon and
• Bernard Tinland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2181–2187, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.204

• nanopipette, especially the translocation of objects, can introduce undesired microfluidic inhomogeneities, even contributing to aperture clogging. The fourth method, plasma treatment, involves improving the wettability by hydrophilizing the glass surface in an O2 plasma [8][9]. Zweifel et al. [8] observed

A visible-light-controlled platform for prolonged drug release based on Ag-doped TiO₂ nanotubes with a hydrophobic layer

• Caihong Liang,
• Jiang Wen and
• Xiaoming Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1793–1801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.170

• Morphology, phase composition and wettability The cross-section and surface morphology of the two-layer nanotubes with and without AgNP loading and the corresponding energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS) spectrum of the Ag-loaded sample are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1a presents the cross-section morphology

• to modify the surface of nanotubes. In the present work, NDM was chosen to alter the hydrophilic layer to hydrophobic by attaching it to the Zn-Ag-TNTs material. The contact angle of NDM-Zn-Ag-TNTs (118°) in Figure 5d demonstrates that the surface wettability of nanotubes does transform from

• hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Meanwhile, the wettability of the TNTs after a 17-day drug release test was also demonstrated (shown in Figure 5e,f). Figure 5e illustrates that the CA of TNTs without NDM is equal to that of bare TNTs (CA = 30°). The CA of sample NDM-Zn-Ag-TNTs was 44° as shown in Figure 5f under

Preparation of micro/nanopatterned gelatins crosslinked with genipin for biocompatible dental implants

• Reika Makita,
• Tsukasa Akasaka,
• Seiichi Tamagawa,
• Yasuhiro Yoshida,
• Saori Miyata,
• Hirofumi Miyaji and
• Tsutomu Sugaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1735–1754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.165

• increased compared to planar apatite. Additionally, Saos-2 cell attachment to titanium surfaces containing 500 nm to 2 µm grooves or pillars showed a similar tendency [13]. Saos-2 cells may therefore prefer materials with an adequately rough surface and moderate wettability. With regard to the cell

• surfaces suggests that both cell and material type, in addition to pattern shape and size, are also important factors in determining the degree of cell attachment. Other factors such as wettability, chemical composition, cell seeding density, and softness, also influence the number of attached cells on

• different patterns [37][59][70][71]. In our case, Saos-2 cells appear to prefer gelatin surface patterns with widths or diameters in the range of 500 nm to 2 µm, rather than planar gelatin. In addition, we speculate that the difference in micro/nanostructures or wettability of gelatin patterns could cause

Preparation and morphology-dependent wettability of porous alumina membranes

• Dmitry L. Shimanovich,
• Alla I. Vorobjova,
• Daria I. Tishkevich,
• Alex V. Trukhanov,
• Maxim V. Zdorovets and
• Artem L. Kozlovskiy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1423–1436, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.135

• microscopy and atomic force microscopy characterization results are presented. The comparative analysis of PAM surfaces (outer and inner) and the effect of morphology of these surfaces on the wetting properties are discussed. Both alumina surfaces show significant morphology-dependent wettability

• alumina; wettability; Introduction Porous anodic alumina (PAA) is increasingly attracting the attention of scientists due to its unique ordered honeycomb cell structure. Such a structure allows the formation of many new micro- and nanoelements via a template-assistant method [1][2][3]. In addition, PAA

• ]. Recently membranes with special surface wettability have been investigated because of their potential application in microfluidics, self-cleaning and droplet-based technologies [19][29]. As shown in [30], by changing only the surface morphology of unmodified, bare PAMs, the wetting behavior could be

Nanoporous silicon nitride-based membranes of controlled pore size, shape and areal density: Fabrication as well as electrophoretic and molecular filtering characterization

• Axel Seidenstücker,
• Stefan Beirle,
• Fabian Enderle,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Othmar Marti and
• Alfred Plettl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1390–1398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.131

• and assuming a homogenous resistivity of the electrolyte; for further details see Supporting Information File 1. Note the following in this context: The applied RIE processes involving CHF3/CF4 plasmas have a propensity for the formation of Teflon-like CF layers which, by influencing the wettability

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• , wettability, electrical and thermal conductivity, catalytic activity, light absorption and scattering resulting in enhanced performance over their bulk counterparts. A nanometer (nm) is an International System of Units (Système international d'unités, SI) unit that represents 10−9 meter in length. In

• most famous nanostructure property in plants is the superhydrophobicity in lotus leaves that helps in self-cleaning and super-wettability of the leaves [193]. Many studies in the literature have suggested that stacks of nanostructures are responsible for the circular layer in plants and insects which

• ][201]. These superhydrophobic materials were useful in applications such as water treatment [202][203], wettability switchers [204][205], smart actuators [206], transparent coatings and electrodes [207][208][209]. Nanoparticles and nanostructures in insects Insect wing membranes are comprised of

Facile chemical routes to mesoporous silver substrates for SERS analysis

• Elina A. Tastekova,
• Alexander Y. Polyakov,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Alexander V. Sidorov,
• Alexandra A. Oshmyanskaya,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Dmitry V. Shtansky,
• Wolgang Grünert and
• Anastasia V. Grigorieva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 880–889, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.82

• range were 1310(m) cm−1 (C–O–C stretching) and 1184(w), 1126(s), 990(w) cm−1, 777(m) cm−1 and 611(m) cm−1 corresponded to bending C–H vibrations in R6G [34]. These sharp peaks were less intensive in the spectra of R6G deposited onto mesoporous Ag blocks. Most likely, this results from better wettability

• of porous Ag blocks. Probably, the presence of macropores in the porous Ag aggregates leads to better penetration of the dye into the pores, decreasing the effective percentage of the analyte at the surface. The mp-Ag/Ag slides demonstrated worse wettability and better uniformity at the surface

• plot for the Ag mesoporous nanocube sample synthesized with the molar ratio of 1:4 Ag2O/NaBH4. 4. XRD data for a bare Ag2O film and mesoporous Ag film synthesized with the molar ratio of 1:10 Ag2O/NaBH4 in 15 min reduction processing. 5. Experimental details on the wettability contact angle

One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis and supercapacitor performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon–carbon nanotube hybrids

• Egor V. Lobiak,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Ekaterina O. Fedorovskaya,
• Yury V. Shubin,
• Pavel E. Plyusnin,
• Pierre Lonchambon,
• Boris V. Senkovskiy,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Emmanuel Flahaut and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2669–2679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.267

• possess a high surface area available for electrolyte ions, good wettability and electrical conductivity. Carbon is a traditional material for electrochemical applications owing to its mechanical and chemical stability, light weight, as well as the possibility to control the properties depending on the

• limitations of the ion diffusion in the electrolyte [52]. The values determined from the Nyquist plot analysis are collected in Table 2. The Rf values are close for all studied samples because they possess a good wettability due to the presence of oxygen-containing groups and incorporated nitrogen. The charge