One hundred years of benzotropone chemistry

• Arif Dastan,
• Haydar Kilic and
• Nurullah Saracoglu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1120–1180, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.98

Regioselective (thio)carbamoylation of 2,7-di-tert-butylpyrene at the 1-position with iso(thio)cyanates

• Anna Wrona-Piotrowicz,
• Marzena Witalewska,
• Janusz Zakrzewski and
• Anna Makal

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1032–1038, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.102

• ; pyrene; thioamide; Introduction Direct functionalization of pyrene 1 has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years because it is the most straightforward route to novel organic molecular materials for optoelectronic devices (OLEDs, field-effect transistors, fluorescent sensors, dye lasers, etc

Cationic Pd(II)-catalyzed C–H activation/cross-coupling reactions at room temperature: synthetic and mechanistic studies

• Takashi Nishikata,
• Alexander R. Abela,
• Shenlin Huang and
• Bruce H. Lipshutz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1040–1064, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.99

• intermediate, characterized by X-ray analysis. Roles of various additives in the stepwise process have also been studied. Keywords: arylation; cationic palladium; C–H functionalization; green chemistry; olefination; Introduction Transition metal-catalyzed, direct functionalization of aryl C–H bonds has made

Recent advances in C(sp³)–H bond functionalization via metal–carbene insertions

• Bo Wang,
• Di Qiu,
• Yan Zhang and
• Jianbo Wang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 796–804, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.78

• –carbene; site-selectivity; Introduction Direct functionalization of inactivated C–H bonds, especially C(sp3)–H bonds, have attracted significant attentions in recent years. The C(sp3)–H bond activation strategies based on radical reactions and transition metal catalysis have been explored, alongside the

Iridium/N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed C–H borylation of arenes by diisopropylaminoborane

• Mamoru Tobisu,
• Takuya Igarashi and
• Naoto Chatani

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 654–661, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.65

• borylation; iridium; N-heterocyclic carbene; Introduction Catalytic C–H borylation of arenes has become an essential tool in organic synthesis [1]. The eminent features of this methodology include 1) no directing group is needed, allowing the direct functionalization of simple arenes; 2) the

Recent advances in copper-catalyzed C–H bond amidation

• Jie-Ping Wan and
• Yanfeng Jing

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2209–2222, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.240

• ideal model of modern organic synthesis, the direct functionalization of inactivated C–H bonds has been proved to be a promising tool to enable atom and step economical synthesis. Inspired by the splendid advances that have taken place in the chemistry of C–H activation, the synthesis of amides has

Lewis acid-catalyzed redox-neutral amination of 2-(3-pyrroline-1-yl)benzaldehydes via intramolecular [1,5]-hydride shift/isomerization reaction

• Chun-Huan Jiang,
• Xiantao Lei,
• Le Zhen,
• Hong-Jin Du,
• Xiaoan Wen,
• Qing-Long Xu and
• Hongbin Sun

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2892–2896, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.306

• used for the activation of C–H bonds [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Among the reported transformations, intramolecular redox processes based on direct functionalization of C(sp3)–H bonds linking with α heteroatoms are useful for the synthesis of structurally diverse amines and ether derivatives [19

Exploration of C–H and N–H-bond functionalization towards 1-(1,2-diarylindol-3-yl)tetrahydroisoquinolines

• Michael Ghobrial,
• Marko D. Mihovilovic and
• Michael Schnürch

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2186–2199, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.226

• wanted to use direct functionalization either via C–H activation or cross dehydrogenative coupling for C–C-bond-forming reactions avoiding the use of two prefunctionalized building blocks. Naturally, C–N-bond formation should proceed via Buchwald–Hartwig coupling. The target molecules can be considered

Zinc–gold cooperative catalysis for the direct alkynylation of benzofurans

• Yifan Li and
• Jérôme Waser

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1763–1767, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.204

• successful in the case of the more complex drug 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP). Keywords: alkynylation; benzofurans; cooperative catalysis; direct functionalization; gold catalysis; hypervalent iodine; Introduction Benzofurans are important heterocycles frequently encountered in both bioactive compounds and

Aerobic radical multifunctionalization of alkenes using tert-butyl nitrite and water

• Daisuke Hirose and
• Tsuyoshi Taniguchi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1713–1717, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.196

• useful methods because they can provide a shortcut to desired products. Various methods used widely, such as organometallic reactions, cycloaddition reactions and multicomponent reactions, are utilized for multifunctionalization [1][2][3][4][5]. If direct functionalization reactions of inactivated bonds

Arylglycine-derivative synthesis via oxidative sp³ C–H functionalization of α-amino esters

• Zhanwei Xu,
• Xiaoqiang Yu,
• Xiujuan Feng and
• Ming Bao

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 1564–1568, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.178

• reported the copper-catalyzed oxidative coupling reaction of alkynes with tertiary amine N-oxides [15]. This new strategy for the direct functionalization of sp3 C–H bonds adjacent to a nitrogen atom, via tertiary amine N-oxide intermediates, was successfully applied to the coupling reaction of ethyl 2

• -(disubstituted amino)acetates with indoles to achieve indolylglycine derivatives (Scheme 2, reaction 1) [16]. In the course of our continuous research on the direct functionalization of sp3 C–H bonds, we found that this new strategy could also be applied to the coupling reaction of naphthols and phenols with

C2-Alkylation of N-pyrimidylindole with vinylsilane via cobalt-catalyzed C–H bond activation

• Zhenhua Ding and
• Naohiko Yoshikai

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 1536–1542, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.174

• efficient and regioselective functionalization of indole derivatives [4][5][6]. Over the past decade, transition-metal-catalyzed direct functionalization has emerged as a powerful strategy for the direct introduction of aryl and alkenyl groups to the C2 and C3 positions of indole [7][8][9]. The situation is

Directed ortho,ortho'-dimetalation of hydrobenzoin: Rapid access to hydrobenzoin derivatives useful for asymmetric synthesis

• Inhee Cho,
• Labros Meimetis,
• Lee Belding,
• Michael J. Katz,
• Travis Dudding and
• Robert Britton

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1315–1322, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.154

• associated with their optical enrichment [6], and the necessary determination of optical purity for each derivative, all complicate the rapid preparation of congeneric libraries. To address these issues, we recently reported a new process for the direct functionalization of (R,R)-hydrobenzoin (3) [23

• with the reported synthesis and should be effective for the rapid production of new ligands for asymmetric synthesis. Conclusion In conclusion, an efficient and economical process was developed for the direct functionalization of hydrobenzoin that relies on a directed ortho,ortho'-dimetalation strategy

Recent advances in the gold-catalyzed additions to C–C multiple bonds

• He Huang,
• Yu Zhou and
• Hong Liu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 897–936, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.103

One-pot gold-catalyzed synthesis of 3-silylethynyl indoles from unprotected o-alkynylanilines

• Jonathan P. Brand,
• Clara Chevalley and
• Jérôme Waser

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 565–569, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.65

• to carry out (RT, and requires neither an inert atmosphere nor special solvents). Keywords: alkynylation; direct functionalization; gold; hypervalent iodine; indoles; Introduction Indoles are widespread in both natural products and synthetic drugs [1][2] and as a result, their synthesis and