Discrete multiporphyrin pseudorotaxane assemblies from di- and tetravalent porphyrin building blocks

• Mirko Lohse,
• Larissa K. S. von Krbek,
• Sebastian Radunz,
• Suresh Moorthy,
• Christoph A. Schalley and
• Stefan Hecht

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 748–762, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.85

• more complicated. Therefore, a straightforward and easy analysis of the NMR spectra will likely be impossible. In our earlier studies [37][78][79], however, electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) turned out to be a perfectly suited method to characterize the complexes present in solution

• electrospray ionization. These results show that mass spectrometry should be a well suited method for the investigation of the multivalent pseudorotaxanes under study. These usually show much higher binding constants than the monovalent analogue and should therefore very likely survive the ionization process

• conclusion, that this partly bound pseudorotaxane is most probably a product of the electrospray ionization process. In cases of the 1:1 mixture of A4 and C4 and the 1:2 mixture of A4 and C2 the desired pseudorotaxanes [A4@C4]4+ (m/z = 989) and [A4@C22]4+ (m/z = 1200) are the most abundant species and there

3α,5α-Cyclocholestan-6β-yl ethers as donors of the cholesterol moiety for the electrochemical synthesis of cholesterol glycoconjugates

• Aneta M. Tomkiel,
• Adam Biedrzycki,
• Jolanta Płoszyńska,
• Dorota Naróg,
• Andrzej Sobkowiak and
• Jacek W. Morzycki

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 162–168, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.16

• electrospray ionization (ESI) or AutoSpec Premier (Waters) (EI). Merck Silica Gel 60, F 256 TLC aluminum sheets were applied for thin-layer chromatographic analysis. For a visualization of the products, a 5% solution of phosphomolybdic acid in ethanol was used. The reaction products were separated by column

A small azide-modified thiazole-based reporter molecule for fluorescence and mass spectrometric detection

• Stefanie Wolfram,
• Hendryk Würfel,
• Stefanie H. Habenicht,
• Christine Lembke,
• Phillipp Richter,
• Eckhard Birckner,
• Rainer Beckert and
• Georg Pohnert

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2470–2479, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.258

• electrospray ionization MS runs by monitoring for its characteristic isotope signature. We demonstrate the universal utility of the reporter for the detection of an alkyne-modified small molecule by LC–MS and for the visualization of a model protein by in-gel fluorescence. The novel probe advantageously

• samples. Several probes have been designed for use with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The probes attach covalently to target functional groups like amines, aldehydes/ketones, carboxylic acids and enhance their detection limit in LC–electrospray ionization (ESI) MS. This can be achieved

A new charge-tagged proline-based organocatalyst for mechanistic studies using electrospray mass spectrometry

• J. Alexander Willms,
• Rita Beel,
• Martin L. Schmidt,
• Christian Mundt and
• Marianne Engeser

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2027–2037, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.211

• temporal evolution has been followed using a microreactor continuous-flow technique. Keywords: charge tag; electrospray; mass spectrometry; organocatalysis; proline; template; Introduction Electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry [1] has not only developed into a standard characterization method

Influence of cyclodextrin on the UCST- and LCST-behavior of poly(2-methacrylamido-caprolactam)-co-(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)

• Alexander Burkhart and
• Helmut Ritter

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1951–1958, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.203

• critical temperature was determined at 50% of relative transmittance. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) was conducted on a Bruker maXis 4G mass spectrometer. Melting points were obtained using a Büchi Melting Point B-545 apparatus at a heating rate of 1 °C/min. Synthesis of α-amino-ε

Isoxazolium N-ylides and 1-oxa-5-azahexa-1,3,5-trienes on the way from isoxazoles to 2H-1,3-oxazines

• Alexander F. Khlebnikov,
• Mikhail S. Novikov,
• Yelizaveta G. Gorbunova,
• Ekaterina E. Galenko,
• Kirill I. Mikhailov,
• Viktoriia V. Pakalnis and
• Margarita S. Avdontceva

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1896–1905, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.197

• CDCl3 with a Bruker DPX 300 and a Bruker AVANCE III 400 spectrometer. Chemical shifts (δ) are reported in parts per million downfield from tetramethylsilane. Mass spectra were recorded on a Bruker maXis HRMS-ESI-QTOF by using electrospray ionization in the positive mode. IR spectra were recorded on a

Orthogonal dual thiol–chloroacetyl and thiol–ene couplings for the sequential one-pot assembly of heteroglycoclusters

• Michele Fiore,
• Gour Chand Daskhan,
• Baptiste Thomas and
• Olivier Renaudet

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1557–1563, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.160

• ). Preparative separation was carried out at 22 mL/min (VP 250/21 nucleosil 300-7 C18) with UV monitoring at 214 nm and 250 nm using a linear A–B gradient (buffer A: 0.09% CF3CO2H in water; buffer B: 0.09% CF3CO2H in 90% acetonitrile). Mass spectrometry was performed using electrospray ionization on an Esquire

Glycosystems in nanotechnology: Gold glyconanoparticles as carrier for anti-HIV prodrugs

• Fabrizio Chiodo,
• Marco Marradi,
• Javier Calvo,
• Eloisa Yuste and
• Soledad Penadés

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1339–1346, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.136

• carried out in positive ion mode with electrospray ionization. The capillary and the cove voltages were set to 100 and 30 V, respectively. The desolvation gas was set to 600 L/h at 120 °C. The cone gas was set to 50 L/h and the ion source temperature at 120 °C. The instrument was operated in W mode with a

Homochiral BINOL-based macrocycles with π-electron-rich, electron-withdrawing or extended spacing units as receptors for C₆₀

• Marco Caricato,
• Silvia Díez González,
• Idoia Arandia Ariño and
• Dario Pasini

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1308–1316, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.132

• spectroscopic studies were recorded by means of commercially-available spectrophotometers. Mass spectra were recorded by using an electrospray ionization instrument. Optical rotations were measured on a polarimeter with a sodium lamp (λ = 589 nm) and are reported as follows: [α]Drt (c = g (100 mL solvent)−1

Automated solid-phase peptide synthesis to obtain therapeutic peptides

• Veronika Mäde,
• Sylvia Els-Heindl and
• Annette G. Beck-Sickinger

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1197–1212, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.118

• major prerequisite for the success of SPPS, both with respect to analytics and preparative purification [25]. Furthermore, high-quality mass spectrometry (MS) with soft ionization techniques such as MALDI–TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization – time of flight) and ESI (electrospray ionization

Dimerisation, rhodium complex formation and rearrangements of N-heterocyclic carbenes of indazoles

• Zong Guan,
• Jan C. Namyslo,
• Martin H. H. Drafz,
• Martin Nieger and
• Andreas Schmidt

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 832–840, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.79

• with a Varian 450-GC. The electrospray ionization mass spectra (ESIMS) were measured with an Agilent LCMSD series HP 1100 with APIES. Melting points are uncorrected and were determined in an apparatus according to Dr. Tottoli (Büchi). The HRMS spectra were measured on a Bruker Daltonik Tesla-Fourier

Domino reactions of 2H-azirines with acylketenes from furan-2,3-diones: Competition between the formation of ortho-fused and bridged heterocyclic systems

• Alexander F. Khlebnikov,
• Mikhail S. Novikov,
• Viktoriia V. Pakalnis,
• Roman O. Iakovenko and
• Dmitry S. Yufit

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 784–793, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.74

• microscope and are uncorrected. 1H (300 MHz) and 13C (75 MHz) NMR spectra were determined in CDCl3 with a Bruker DPX 300 spectrometer. Chemical shifts (δ) are reported in parts per million downfield from tetramethylsilane. Electrospray ionization mass spectra were measured on MS Q-TOF and micrOTOF 10223 mass

N,N'-(Hexane-1,6-diyl)bis(4-methyl-N-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)benzenesulfonamide): Synthesis via cyclodextrin mediated N-alkylation in aqueous solution and further Prilezhaev epoxidation

• Julian Fischer,
• Simon Millan and
• Helmut Ritter

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2834–2840, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.318

• calibration, standard tin, indium, and zinc samples were used. Heating and cooling curves were determined between −30 and 130 °C at a heating rate of 15 °C/min. The Tg value was taken from the inflection point of the second heating curve. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) was conducted on a

Oligomeric epoxide–amine adducts based on 2-amino-N-isopropylacetamide and α-amino-ε-caprolactam: Solubility in presence of cyclodextrin and curing properties

• Julian Fischer and
• Helmut Ritter

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2803–2811, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.315

• zinc samples were used. Heating and cooling curves were determined between −30 and 50 °C or −30 and 60 °C at a heating rate of 15 °C/min. The Tg values were calculated from the arithmetic average of the inflection points of the second, third and fourth heating curve. Electrospray ionization mass

Less reactive dipoles of diazodicarbonyl compounds in reaction with cycloaliphatic thioketones – First evidence for the 1,3-oxathiole–thiocarbonyl ylide interconversion

• Valerij A. Nikolaev,
• Alexey V. Ivanov,
• Ludmila L. Rodina and
• Grzegorz Mlostoń

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2751–2761, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.309

• spectra were registered by using Perkin-Elmer "Spectrum BXII" instrument as KBr pellets. UV spectra were obtained by using a Shimadzu UV-1800 instrument in EtOH solution. Mass spectra were determined by electrospray ionization with a Bruker micrOTOF spectrometer. Quantitative analysis of the reaction

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of monocyclic 3-carboxamide tetramic acids

• Yong-Chul Jeong and
• Mark G. Moloney

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1899–1906, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.224

• , respectively) with residual solvent peaks as the internal reference. Mass spectra (MS) and high-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) were obtained with Micro Mass LCT and GCT spectrometers under the conditions of electrospray ionization (ESI) and chemical ionization (CI) respectively, and values were reported as a

Stability of SG1 nitroxide towards unprotected sugar and lithium salts: a preamble to cellulose modification by nitroxide-mediated graft polymerization

• Guillaume Moreira,
• Laurence Charles,
• Mohamed Major,
• Florence Vacandio,
• Yohann Guillaneuf,
• Catherine Lefay and
• Didier Gigmes

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1589–1600, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.181

• supporting electrolyte (NaCLO4 or TBAPF6) 0.1 mol·L−1. High-resolution mass spectrometry experiments were performed by using a QStar Elite mass spectrometer (Applied Biosystems SCIEX, Concord, ON, Canada) equipped with an electrospray ionization source operated in the positive mode. The capillary voltage was

A study on electrospray mass spectrometry of fullerenol C₆₀(OH)₂₄

• Mihaela Silion,
• Andrei Dascalu,
• Mariana Pinteala,
• Bogdan C. Simionescu and
• Cezar Ungurenasu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1285–1295, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.145

• characterization by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) have become essential for fullerenol research. Fullerenols C60(OH)18–44 are very small neutral molecules with the highest density of hydroxy groups on a given particle surface (up to 10.7 OH/nm2) [21] achieved so far, complicating spectra

• following Q/TOF MS parameters were optimized: electrospray ionization (positive- and negative-ion mode), drying gas (N2) flow rate, drying-gas temperature, nebulizer pressure, capillary voltage, and fragmentor voltage. The mass scale was calibrated by the standard calibration procedure with compounds

Linkage of α-cyclodextrin-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxanes) by inclusion of quasi bifunctional ferrocene

• Helmut Ritter,
• Berit Knudsen and
• Valerij Durnev

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1278–1284, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.144

• . This corresponds to an absorption frequency of 300 MHz for 1H NMR and 75 MHz for 13C {1H} NMR. For ESI-measurements on an ion-trap mass spectrometer API Finnigan LCQ Deca, the substances were dissolved in a suitable solvent at a concentration of 2 mg·mL−1. The ionization was carried out by electrospray

• ionization (ESI). The TEM images were obtained on a Zeiss EM 902A microscope at 80 kV. The samples were dissolved in chloroform and dripped on copper grids (Formvar/carbon film 400 mesh). After evaporation of the solvent, the remaining pure substances could be examined under a high vacuum (10−7 bar). The

Quantification of N-acetylcysteamine activated methylmalonate incorporation into polyketide biosynthesis

• Stephan Klopries,
• Uschi Sundermann and
• Frank Schulz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 664–674, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.75

• Accela HPLC-System (column Hypersil Gold, length 50 mm, inside diameter 1 mm, particle size 1.9 µm, ionization method: Electrospray Ionization). Products were characterized by NMR (1H, 13C) and HRMS. ESI-method for quantification of D3-label incorporation Mass-to-charge ratios of the extracts were

• electrospray ionization was carried out in positive (erythromycin)/negative (rapamycin) ionization mode by using a source voltage of 4 kV. The capillary voltage was set to 18 V, the capillary temperature to 275 °C, and the tube lens voltage to 115 V. Spectra were acquired in full scan centroid mode with a mass

Synthesis of 2,3-dihydronaphtho[2,3-d][1,3]thiazole-4,9-diones and 2,3-dihydroanthra[2,3-d][1,3]thiazole-4,11-diones and novel ring contraction and fusion reaction of 3H-spiro[1,3-thiazole-2,1'-cyclohexanes] into 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-6,11-diones

• Lidia S. Konstantinova,
• Kirill A. Lysov,
• Ljudmila I. Souvorova and
• Oleg A. Rakitin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 577–584, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.62

• spectra were recorded on a Finnigan MAT INCOS 50 instrument by using electron impact ionization. High-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) were measured on a Bruker micrOTOF II instrument by using electrospray ionization (ESI) [23]. The measurements were done in a positive-ion mode (interface capillary voltage

Synthesis and evaluation of cell-permeable biotinylated PU-H71 derivatives as tumor Hsp90 probes

• Tony Taldone,
• Anna Rodina,
• Erica M. DaGama Gomes,
• Matthew Riolo,
• Hardik J. Patel,
• Raul Alonso-Sabadell,
• Danuta Zatorska,
• Maulik R. Patel,
• Sarah Kishinevsky and
• Gabriela Chiosis

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 544–556, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.60

• = quartet, br = broad, m = multiplet), coupling constant (Hz), integration. High-resolution mass spectra were recorded on a Waters LCT Premier system. Low-resolution mass spectra were obtained on a Waters Acquity Ultra Performance LC with electrospray ionization and SQ detector. High-performance liquid

Chemoenzymatic synthesis and biological evaluation of enantiomerically enriched 1-(β-hydroxypropyl)imidazolium- and triazolium-based ionic liquids

• Paweł Borowiecki,
• Małgorzata Milner-Krawczyk and
• Jan Plenkiewicz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 516–525, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.56

• (+)-8a–c and (+)-8e–f, which are exceedingly viscous liquids (gums), all of the chiral hydroxy-functionalized imidazolium and one of the triazolium salts are liquid at room temperature. Final products were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR and FTIR spectroscopy as well as high-resolution electrospray

• ionization mass spectrometry (HRMS–ESI). Their structures were found to be spectroscopically well–defined, which was further confirmed by elemental analyses. For the purpose of biological tests, the racemic mixtures all of salts presented in Table 3 were synthesized. Antimicrobial activity of racemic ionic

Multivalent display of the antimicrobial peptides BP100 and BP143

• Imma Güell,
• Rafael Ferre,
• Kasper K. Sørensen,
• Esther Badosa,
• Iteng Ng-Choi,
• Emilio Montesinos,
• Eduard Bardají,
• Lidia Feliu,
• Knud J. Jensen and
• Marta Planas

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 2106–2117, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.237

• and 5 in 99% purity, and their structure was confirmed by electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS). With templates and peptide aldehydes in hand, the four-stranded structure 3 was prepared from Galp and peptide aldehyde 4 (Scheme 2). First, the reaction was conducted in a 1:1 solution of

Preparation of mixed trialkyl alkylcarbonate derivatives of etidronic acid via an unusual route

• Petri A. Turhanen,
• Janne Weisell and
• Jouko J. Vepsäläinen

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 2019–2024, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.228

• [32]. Diastereomeric ratios for each of the compounds 3a–d were calculated from the 31P NMR spectrum. Mass spectra were recorded on a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer by using electrospray ionization (ESI) with positive-ionization mode for compounds 3a–d and 4 and negative for compound 2