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Search for "scalability" in Full Text gives 89 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.
Enabling technologies and green processes in cyclodextrin chemistry
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 278–294, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.30
- highlight the huge advantages and potential scalability of these so-called enabling technologies that maximize heat and mass transfer. Although many advances have been made during the past decade, the most exciting results in this field are surely yet to come. Ultrasound US irradiation is an environmentally
- miniaturized continuous flow reactor, also called microreactor, offers many advantages over conventional scale reactors, including considerable improved energy exploitation, increased reaction speed and yield, safety, reliability, scalability, on-site/on-demand production, etc., and a much finer degree of
The synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) using continuous flow chemistry
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1194–1219, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.134
- : continuous processing; flow synthesis; in-line analysis; manufacture; pharmaceuticals; scalability; Introduction The last 20 years have witnessed a true renaissance in the way synthetic chemistry is performed due to the implementation of various enabling technologies allowing the modern synthesis chemist to
Radical-mediated dehydrative preparation of cyclic imides using (NH4)2S2O8–DMSO: application to the synthesis of vernakalant
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1008–1016, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.113
- byproducts, difficult to access starting materials, azeotropoic removal of water, column purification, harsh reaction conditions, longer reaction time and lack of scalability are some of the drawbacks of prior methods. The development of improved processes to such an important building block is an area of
Chemoselective O-acylation of hydroxyamino acids and amino alcohols under acidic reaction conditions: History, scope and applications
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 446–468, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.51
- ][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. Due to the nature of the reaction and ready availability of catalyst, these asymmetric reactions could be undertaken at the mole-scale (giving more than 100 g of product), with possibility of both catalyst recovery and reuse. The scalability of these reactions is first
Photovoltaic-driven organic electrosynthesis and efforts toward more sustainable oxidation reactions
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 280–287, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.32
- discussion here because the reaction serves to both illustrate the range of oxidation reactions that can be performed in a catalytic fashion using a simple photovoltaic and highlight the scalability of the process. In order to perform the reaction on a preparative scale, the array-based method was increased
An improved procedure for the preparation of Ru(bpz)3(PF6)2 via a high-yielding synthesis of 2,2’-bipyrazine
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 61–65, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.9
- explored the scalability of the optimized conditions, and found that they remained applicable on multi-gram scale (Scheme 2). Thus, exposure of 4 g of 2-iodopyrazine to the optimized conditions from Table 1 cleanly produced 1.25 g of 2,2’-bipyrazine in 81% isolated yield. A portion of this material was
Continuous flow nitration in miniaturized devices
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 405–424, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.38
- acid and later with benzene. Orifices with different diameters induce different flow regimes in the reactor. The authors claim this microreactor has infinite scalability, as it is based on the addition of different components in sequence. In one of the first reports on the continuous flow nitration of
Concise, stereodivergent and highly stereoselective synthesis of cis- and trans-2-substituted 3-hydroxypiperidines – development of a phosphite-driven cyclodehydration
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 369–383, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.35
- pharmacological activities of compounds based on the 3-piperidinol scaffold, a step-economic, scalable and stereodivergent synthesis of both cis- and trans-diastereomers of B in good diastereoselectivities is highly desirable. In the syntheses of potentially new drug candidates scalability is a significant factor
- 44%, demonstrating the scalability and high practicability of our sequence. The relative configurations of compounds 9 and 11 were proven by NOE spectroscopy of piperidinols cis-11a–d, trans-11a, cis- and trans-16c, L-733,060.HCl and of oxazolidinones trans-10a and trans-10c (see Supporting
One-step synthesis of pyridines and dihydropyridines in a continuous flow microwave reactor
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1957–1968, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.232
- scalability under microwave irradiation [10] and under continuous flow processing, observed by ourselves and others [73][74], this technology stands out as the heating method of choice for the preparation of 1,4-DHP derivatives. Conclusion These studies have demonstrated that a microwave flow reactor can be
Continuous flow photocyclization of stilbenes – scalable synthesis of functionalized phenanthrenes and helicenes
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1883–1890, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.221
- , the scalability of these reactions is limited by the required low concentration (~10−3 mol·L−1) and usually long reaction times (>20 h). Therefore, most of the applications of this method are limited to small scale (<0.5 mmol), making it unsuitable for gram-scale synthesis of helicene-like molecules
Efficient continuous-flow synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazole-substituted β-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid derivatives with gram-scale production
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1508–1516, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.172
- emerged [59]. The main driving forces behind these CF methodologies are the safety aspects associated with the handling of azides and the inherent scalability of flow processing. Moreover, when organic azides are formed in situ, operational safety can be further improved [55][57]. We envisioned that it
- , the scalability of CF procedures is a straightforward function of time and the flow rate, and the risks associated with the accumulation of hazardous species are minimized, because the solution of the reactants is eluting continuously from the active zone of the reactor [33][34][44][45][60]. The CF
Flow photochemistry: Old light through new windows
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 2025–2052, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.229
Discovery of practical production processes for arylsulfur pentafluorides and their higher homologues, bis- and tris(sulfur pentafluorides): Beginning of a new era of “super-trifluoromethyl” arene chemistry and its industry
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 461–471, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.53
- to the previous methods using AgF2, F2, or XeF2, or multiple-step methods starting from SF5Br or SF5Cl, in terms of cost, applicability, and scalability of production, the processes developed here can be used as the first practical and economical methods for the production of many kinds of arylsulfur
Scaling up of continuous-flow, microwave-assisted, organic reactions by varying the size of Pd-functionalized catalytic monoliths
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1150–1157, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.133
- maintaining the intrinsic benefits of the reaction geometry offered when using microreactor methodology. In this work we report a simple and effective approach for achieving volumetric scalability in a flow reaction system through the use of Pd-supported silica-based monolithic reactors coupled with microwave
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