Transition-metal-free one-pot synthesis of alkynyl selenides from terminal alkynes under aerobic and sustainable conditions

• Adrián A. Heredia and
• Alicia B. Peñéñory

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 910–918, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.92

• with DMF and PEG 200, we chose PEG 200 as the solvent for subsequent reactions, which is a non-toxic and inexpensive biodegradable material also used as a sustainable and alternative solvent due to its reusability [39]. Table 2 summarizes the results for the screening and concentration of the base used

• . The reaction does not require selenolate anions as starting materials and proceeds through the in situ formation of diselenides from commercially available potassium selenocyanate. Furthermore, the reaction readily takes place in PEG 200, a sustainable solvent, in short reaction times and under an

Chemoselective synthesis of diaryl disulfides via a visible light-mediated coupling of arenediazonium tetrafluoroborates and CS₂

• Jing Leng,
• Shi-Meng Wang and
• Hua-Li Qin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 903–909, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.91

• , the development of methodologies for the synthesis of disulfides is rather desirable and many research groups have made great contributions to the synthesis of diaryl disulfides such as the Chandrasekaran group [9] and the Wacharasindhu group [10]. Indeed, the design of sustainable and useful

Opportunities and challenges for the sustainable production of structurally complex diterpenoids in recombinant microbial systems

• Katarina Kemper,
• Max Hirte,
• Markus Reinbold,
• Monika Fuchs and
• Thomas Brück

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 845–854, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.85

Energy down converting organic fluorophore functionalized mesoporous silica hybrids for monolith-coated light emitting diodes

• Markus Börgardts and
• Thomas J. J. Müller

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 768–778, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.76

• (RGB) emitting phosphors generally relying on inorganic luminophores, such as rare earth metals as Ce3+ or Eu2+, are employed for white light generation [3][4][7]. However, the development of purely organic down converting phosphors would offer a sustainable and potentially cost-effective access

Fluorescent carbon dots from mono- and polysaccharides: synthesis, properties and applications

• Stephen Hill and
• M. Carmen Galan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 675–693, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.67

• Glucose-based fluorescent carbon dots Sustainable syntheses of CDs have driven researchers to find readily available, cheap and renewable carbon sources of which the monosaccharide glucose is an ideal candidate. Not only is glucose cheap and commercially available, but also has a low carbonisation

Contribution of microreactor technology and flow chemistry to the development of green and sustainable synthesis

• Flavio Fanelli,
• Giovanna Parisi,
• Leonardo Degennaro and
• Renzo Luisi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 520–542, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.51

• chemistry could play an important role in the development of green and sustainable synthetic processes. In this review, some recent relevant examples in the field of flash chemistry, catalysis, hazardous chemistry and continuous flow processing are described. Selected examples highlight the role that flow

• chemistry could play in the near future for a sustainable development. Keywords: flash chemistry; flow chemistry; green chemistry; microreactor technology; sustainable synthesis; Introduction Green chemistry’s birth was driven by the necessity to consider and face the urgent question of sustainability

• implications in economy and politics. Recent studies predicted a growth of green chemical processing up to $100 billion in 2020 (Pike Research study) [1]. All this offers important and arduous challenges expressed in terms of new synthetic strategies using sustainable, safe, and less toxic materials. On green

A chemoselective and continuous synthesis of m-sulfamoylbenzamide analogues

• Arno Verlee,
• Thomas Heugebaert,
• Tom van der Meer,
• Pavel I. Kerchev,
• Frank Van Breusegem and
• Christian V. Stevens

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 303–312, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.33

• Arno Verlee Thomas Heugebaert Tom van der Meer Pavel I. Kerchev Frank Van Breusegem Christian V. Stevens Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Campus Coupure, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium Department of Plant

A novel method for heterocyclic amide–thioamide transformations

• Walid Fathalla,
• Ibrahim A. I. Ali and
• Pavel Pazdera

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 174–181, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.20

• Walid Fathalla Ibrahim A. I. Ali Pavel Pazdera Physics and Math. Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Port-Said University, Port Said, Egypt Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt Centre for Syntheses at Sustainable Conditions and Their Management

Extrusion – back to the future: Using an established technique to reform automated chemical synthesis

• Deborah E. Crawford

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 65–75, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.9

• amounts of solvent can be added to accelerate reactions (liquid-assisted grinding). Therefore, it can be concluded that the extruder provides most, if not all of the parameters that conventional solvent-based synthesis can provide. In fact, in regards to the current drive towards a more sustainable

Synthesis of structurally diverse 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones via sequential Biginelli and Passerini reactions

• Andreas C. Boukis,
• Baptiste Monney and
• Michael A. R. Meier

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 54–62, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.7

• energy consumption and hence lead to more effective and sustainable processes [4][5][6]. MCRs found numerous applications, i.e., in combinatorial chemistry, target oriented synthesis or polymer science [6][7][8]. The most important MCRs are the Strecker amino acid synthesis (1850), the Hantzsch

Green chemistry

• Luigi Vaccaro

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2763–2765, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.273

• Luigi Vaccaro Laboratory of Green Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8 06123 Perugia, Italia 10.3762/bjoc.12.273 Keywords: green chemistry; sustainable chemistry; Since their initial appearance in the

• scientific literature, the terms "green" and "sustainable" have been increasingly used and are nowadays ubiquitously present in the terminology of several research areas. The seminal origin of what is considered “green chemistry” today might be ascribed to the launch of the Responsible Care® initiative by

• , green chemistry may be considered as the scientific and economical context in which academia, industry and government are attempting to converge their efforts for the development of a sustainable civilization. The first goal of green chemistry is to provide a solid solution to the need for an ex novo

Interactions between cyclodextrins and cellular components: Towards greener medical applications?

• Loïc Leclercq

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2644–2662, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.261

Selective synthesis of thioethers in the presence of a transition-metal-free solid Lewis acid

• Federica Santoro,
• Matteo Mariani,
• Federica Zaccheria,
• Rinaldo Psaro and
• Nicoletta Ravasio

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2627–2635, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.259

• substrates under mild reaction conditions. Keywords: no solvent; S-alkylation; solid acids; thioethers; transition-metal-free; Introduction The need for more sustainable processes in the fine chemical industry is growing continuously. An optimal use of resources, both energy and starting materials, and a

• wide as other systems only convert propargylic alcohols [30] or benzhydrol and electron-deficient thiols [31] in agreement with the high electrophilicity of these substrates. Conclusion Amorphous solid acid catalysts are very promising materials in the roadmap to green and sustainable organic synthesis

Catalytic Wittig and aza-Wittig reactions

• Zhiqi Lao and
• Patrick H. Toy

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2577–2587, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.253

• large scale, in the context of green sustainable chemistry. For example, it has low atom economy due to its requirement of one molar equivalent of a phosphine reagent, and the formation of a corresponding amount of a phosphine oxide, usually Ph3P=O (2). There is also the associated problem of separating

Solvent-free, visible-light photocatalytic alcohol oxidations applying an organic photocatalyst

• Martin Obst and
• Burkhard König

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2358–2363, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.229

• avoided, making the process more environmentally friendly and sustainable. Furthermore, quantitative yields can be achieved, avoiding work-up and laborious purification [2]. Moreover, solubility problems, like insolubility of one reactant or the different polarity of two reactants, are solved. Examples

C–H Functionalization/activation in organic synthesis

• Richmond Sarpong

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2315–2316, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.224

• C–H functionalization/activation reactions. The growth in popularity of C–H functionalization/activation in organic synthesis can be attributed to the desire to implement more sustainable methods for synthesis and to achieve novel reactivity and selectivity in building molecules. A lot of exciting

Isosorbide and dimethyl carbonate: a green match

• Fabio Aricò and
• Pietro Tundo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2256–2266, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.218

• -membered ring is a preferred pathway compared to other possible ones (7-membered ring closure, alcoholate attacks onto DMC) due to a big entropic effect [35]. Reactivity of isosorbide with dimethyl carbonate One of the most investigated research fields for the sustainable platform chemical isosorbide is

Regiocontroled Pd-catalysed C5-arylation of 3-substituted thiophene derivatives using a bromo-substituent as blocking group

• Mariem Brahim,
• Hamed Ben Ammar,
• Jean-François Soulé and
• Henri Doucet

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2197–2203, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.210

• -substituted thiophene derivatives is an important topic in sustainable chemistry [4]. Stille or Suzuki palladium-catalysed coupling reactions [5][6][7][8][9][10] are some of the most efficient methods for the preparation of 5-arylated 3-substituted thiophenes [11][12][13][14]. However, before these coupling

Silica-supported sulfonic acids as recyclable catalyst for esterification of levulinic acid with stoichiometric amounts of alcohols

• Raimondo Maggi,
• N. Raveendran Shiju,
• Veronica Santacroce,
• Giovanni Maestri,
• Franca Bigi and
• Gadi Rothenberg

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2173–2180, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.207

• Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Tel: +31-20-5256515 Istituto IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy 10.3762/bjoc.12.207 Abstract Converting biomass into value-added chemicals holds the key to sustainable long-term carbon resource management. In this

• : esterification; heterogeneous catalysis; renewable feedstocks; supported organic catalysts; sustainable chemistry; Introduction Vegetal biomass is mankind’s only source of renewable carbon on a human timescale. It is abundantly available, with the potential of replacing fossil-based carbon on a scale sufficient

• particular, issues with catalyst recycling and product separation limits the environmental viability of this strategy. As a result, it remains of high interest to develop alternatives to trigger this reaction, which are more sustainable, for instance through the design of suitable and recyclable solid acid

DNA functionalization by dynamic chemistry

• Zeynep Kanlidere,
• Oleg Jochim,
• Marta Cal and
• Ulf Diederichsen

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2136–2144, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.203

• Saxony (International Ph.D. program Catalysis for Sustainable Synthesis, CaSuS) is gratefully acknowledged.

Solvent-free synthesis of novel para-menthane-3,8-diol ester derivatives from citronellal using a polymer-supported scandium triflate catalyst

• Lubabalo Mafu,
• Ben Zeelie and
• Paul Watts

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2046–2054, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.193

• sustainability perspective, but clearly it is necessary to develop protocols that are as environmentally friendly and sustainable as possible. The terpene, citronellal (3,7-dimethyl-6-octenal, 1) is widely used as a feedstock material in the synthesis of fine chemicals such as menthol (2) and para-menthane-3,8

Scope and limitations of a DMF bio-alternative within Sonogashira cross-coupling and Cacchi-type annulation

• Kirsty L. Wilson,
• Alan R. Kennedy,
• Jane Murray,
• Ben Greatrex,
• Craig Jamieson and
• Allan J. B. Watson

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2005–2011, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.187

• solvents; however, despite their utility, these solvents are incompatible with the drive towards more sustainable chemical synthesis. Herein, we describe the scope and limitations of an alternative to DMF derived from renewable sources (CyreneTM) in Sonogashira cross-coupling and Cacchi-type annulations

• . Keywords: Cacchi annulation; cross-coupling; heterocycles; Sonogashira; sustainable solvent; Introduction The Sonogashira reaction [1][2] (Scheme 1) is a robust and broadly applicable Pd-catalysed bond-forming process that, alongside the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction [3], has steadily become an indispensible

• , solvent replacement has been designated a key research area with numerous pharmaceutical companies detailing their efforts towards a more sustainable solvent selection as part of their overall sustainability programmes [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Based on its

Hydroxy-functionalized hyper-cross-linked ultra-microporous organic polymers for selective CO₂ capture at room temperature

• Partha Samanta,
• Priyanshu Chandra and
• Sujit K. Ghosh

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1981–1986, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.185

• Partha Samanta Priyanshu Chandra Sujit K. Ghosh Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune. Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India. Fax: +91 20 2589 8022; Tel: +91 20 2590 8076 Centre for Research in Energy & Sustainable Materials, IISER Pune, Pashan, Pune, India

Ionic liquids as transesterification catalysts: applications for the synthesis of linear and cyclic organic carbonates

• Maurizio Selva,
• Alvise Perosa,
• Sandro Guidi and
• Lisa Cattelan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1911–1924, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.181

• anion metathesis [29]. There are several reviews detailing these synthetic procedures [30][31]. More sustainable methods that avoid the use of noxious and undesirable halogens have also been recently designed [32][33]. An example is the preparation of methyl carbonate onium salts ([Q1nnn][MeOCO2]; Q = N

Practical synthetic strategies towards lipophilic 6-iodotetrahydroquinolines and -dihydroquinolines

• David R. Chisholm,
• Garr-Layy Zhou,
• Ehmke Pohl,
• Roy Valentine and
• Andrew Whiting

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1851–1862, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.174

• David R. Chisholm Garr-Layy Zhou Ehmke Pohl Roy Valentine Andrew Whiting Centre for Sustainable Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK Biophysical Sciences Institute, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK High Force Research