Enhanced antineoplastic/therapeutic efficacy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Shanid Mohiyuddin,
• Saba Naqvi and
• Gopinath Packirisamy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2499–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.233

High-throughput synthesis of modified Fresnel zone plate arrays via ion beam lithography

• Kahraman Keskinbora,
• Umut Tunca Sanli,
• Margarita Baluktsian,
• Corinne Grévent,
• Markus Weigand and
• Gisela Schütz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2049–2056, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.194

• , FZPs can achieve diffraction-limited focusing and imaging performance. The fabrication requirements of nanofocusing FZPs are stringent [1]. Usually, state-of-the-art electron beam lithography instrumentation is chosen to comply with these strict requirements [11][12][13][14]. Recently, a few

• realization demonstrates the capabilities of modern focused ion beam instrumentation for direct-write lithography. Soft X-ray microscopy tests using the FZP The imaging resolution and the DE of the FZP were tested using a scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) [43] as described earlier [28]. The

Defect formation in multiwalled carbon nanotubes under low-energy He and Ne ion irradiation

• Santhana Eswara,
• Jean-Nicolas Audinot,
• Brahime El Adib,
• Maël Guennou,
• Tom Wirtz and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1951–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.186

• Santhana Eswara Jean-Nicolas Audinot Brahime El Adib Mael Guennou Tom Wirtz Patrick Philipp Advanced Instrumentation for Ion Nano-Analytics (AINA), MRT Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg Materials Research and Technology

Formation mechanisms of boron oxide films fabricated by large-area electron beam-induced deposition of trimethyl borate

• Aiden A. Martin and
• Philip J. Depond

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1282–1287, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.120

• capabilities of EBID for material fabrication that can be applied to conventional precursor systems. The EBID process and instrumentation. (a) Gaseous TMB precursor is admitted into the vacuum chamber where it adsorbs to the silicon substrate surface. (b) An electron beam dissociates adsorbed precursor

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds

• Michal Lacko,
• Peter Papp,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Edward Szłyk and
• Štefan Matejčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 384–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.38

• Aldrich. All reagents were used as received. Instrumentation for complexes characteristics The first mass spectra were detected with a Finnigan MAT 95 mass spectrometer, using electron ionization (EI) method over the temperature range 30–350 °C. IR spectra were measured with a PerkinElmer Spectrum 2000

A robust AFM-based method for locally measuring the elasticity of samples

• Alexandre Bubendorf,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel and
• Ernst Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.1

• ]. In physics, the band gap size of nanocrystals and the presence of planar defects on nanotubes are a function of the Young’s modulus [2][3]. Probing local elasticity requires an instrumentation capable of operating with high resolution and under different conditions, such as variable temperature

Material discrimination and mixture ratio estimation in nanocomposites via harmonic atomic force microscopy

• Weijie Zhang,
• Yuhang Chen,
• Xicheng Xia and
• Jiaru Chu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2771–2780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.276

• Weijie Zhang Yuhang Chen Xicheng Xia Jiaru Chu Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China 10.3762/bjnano.8.276 Abstract Harmonic atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to discriminate between different

L-Lysine-grafted graphene oxide as an effective adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and metal ions

• Yan Yan,
• Jie Li,
• Fangbei Kong,
• Kuankuan Jia,
• Shiyu He and
• Baorong Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2680–2688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.268

• defects. The functionalized graphene material may be a promising candidate for the removal of environmental pollutants. Experimental Materials and instrumentation Graphite powder was purchased from Shanghai Huayi Company (Shanghai, China). KMnO4, NaNO3, H2SO4 (98%) and HCl (36–38%) were obtained from

Direct writing of gold nanostructures with an electron beam: On the way to pure nanostructures by combining optimized deposition with oxygen-plasma treatment

• Domagoj Belić,
• Mostafa M. Shawrav,
• Emmerich Bertagnolli and
• Heinz D. Wanzenboeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2530–2543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.253

• material, which in the optimal case exceeded 70 atom %. We note that this straightforward approach is feasible with any standard SEM and does not require specialized instrumentation. The second approach towards higher gold purity is postdeposition purification by oxidation. As molecular oxygen is not

Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages

• Dimitri Vanhecke,
• Dagmar A. Kuhn,
• Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi,
• Sandor Balog,
• Ana Milosevic,
• Dominic Urban,
• Diana Peckys,
• Niels de Jonge,
• Wolfgang J. Parak,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.239

• University of Bern for the use of the TEM instrumentation. We thank Eduard Arzt for his support through INM. This study was supported by grants of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, SPP 1313 to B.R.R. and PA 794/25-1 to W.J.P.), the Leibniz Competition 2014, the European Commission (grant

A comparative study of the nanoscale and macroscale tribological attributes of alumina and stainless steel surfaces immersed in aqueous suspensions of positively or negatively charged nanodiamonds

• Colin K. Curtis,
• Antonin Marek,
• Alex I. Smirnov and
• Jacqueline Krim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2045–2059, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.205

• dimension D (+/−0.05) of QCM electrodes after 1 h of oscillation in DI water or ND suspensions. Acknowledgements This work was supported by NSF DMR1535082. SEM studies were performed at the Analytical Instrumentation Facility (AIF) at North Carolina State University, which is supported by the State of

Carbon nano-onions as fluorescent on/off modulated nanoprobes for diagnostics

• Stefania Lettieri,
• Marta d’Amora,
• Adalberto Camisasca,
• Alberto Diaspro and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1878–1888, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.188

• . Experimental Materials All solvents and reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich in high purity grade. All reactions and measurements were carried out under ambient conditions, unless otherwise stated. Instrumentation Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) TGA was conducted on a TA Q500 analyzer, using a platinum

Optical techniques for cervical neoplasia detection

• Tatiana Novikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1844–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.186

Effect of the fluorination technique on the surface-fluorination patterning of double-walled carbon nanotubes

• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
• Emmanuel Flahaut,
• Jérémy Rio,
• Christopher P. Ewels,
• Victor O. Koroteev,
• Gregory Van Lier,
• Denis V. Vyalikh and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1688–1698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.169

• exposing DWCNTs to a CF4 plasma (frequency of 13.56 MHz and power of 15 W) for 10 min at a working pressure of 0.1 Torr. The details of the synthesis are described elsewhere [21][48]. Instrumentation The structure of pristine and fluorinated DWCNTs was studied using TEM on a JEOL-2010 microscope and Raman

Group-13 and group-15 doping of germanane

• Nicholas D. Cultrara,
• Maxx Q. Arguilla,
• Shishi Jiang,
• Chuanchuan Sun,
• Michael R. Scudder,
• R. Dominic Ross and
• Joshua E. Goldberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1642–1648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.164

• . Undoped GeH exhibited sheet resistances approaching the noise limit of the instrumentation of the order of ca. 1015 Ω/sq in both vacuum and under ambient conditions, similar to previous studies [29]. Figure 5c,d shows a representative I–V plot for 2.3% Ga:GeH in vacuum and air, respectively. The I–V plot

• again at the actual noise limit of our instrumentation. However, in air, there is an increase in conductivity of at least three orders of magnitude. Figure 5f shows a representative I–V plot of As:GeH in ambient conditions. In contrast to Ga:GeH, the I–V plot is linear, with minimal hysteresis. The I–V

Enhanced catalytic activity without the use of an external light source using microwave-synthesized CuO nanopetals

• Govinda Lakhotiya,
• Sonal Bajaj,
• Arpan Kumar Nayak,
• Debabrata Pradhan,
• Pradip Tekade and
• Abhimanyu Rana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1167–1173, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.118

• /visible). A corresponding mechanism for the fast degradation observes was also proposed. Experimental Materials and instrumentation Commercial, high-grade copper sulphate (CuSO4·5H2O, 99.95%), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ethanol (C2H5OH), acetone (C3H6O), methylene blue (MB), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30

Triptycene-terminated thiolate and selenolate monolayers on Au(111)

• Jinxuan Liu,
• Martin Kind,
• Björn Schüpbach,
• Daniel Käfer,
• Stefanie Winkler,
• Wenhua Zhang,
• Andreas Terfort and
• Christof Wöll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 892–905, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.91

• instrumentation, C 1s signals could be detected in a straightforward fashion. The obtained C 1s binding energies of about 284 to 285 eV (Table 2, see below) are typical of carbon atoms in aliphatic and aromatic compounds, i.e., the XPS data are in line with the IR data, confirming the formation of triptycene

• accessible XPS instrumentation, it was not possible to obtain S 2p and Se 3p photoelectron spectra. The purpose of the XP spectra was the evaluation of the Au 4f and the C 2s resonances to obtain layer thicknesses [34]. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were performed at room temperature

Selective detection of Mg²⁺ ions via enhanced fluorescence emission using Au–DNA nanocomposites

• Tanushree Basu,
• Khyati Rana,
• Niranjan Das and
• Bonamali Pal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 762–771, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.79

• Information File 56: Additional experimental details. Acknowledgements We acknowledge Dr. B. N. Chudasama (School of Physics and Material Science, Thapar University) for the zeta potential and DLS measurements. We would also like to thank the Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Facility (IIT Bombay) for

Gas sensing properties of MWCNT layers electrochemically decorated with Au and Pd nanoparticles

• Elena Dilonardo,
• Michele Penza,
• Marco Alvisi,
• Riccardo Rossi,
• Gennaro Cassano,
• Cinzia Di Franco,
• Francesco Palmisano,
• Luisa Torsi and
• Nicola Cioffi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 592–603, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.64

• standards established by Kyoto and Paris climate agreements [2][3]. Besides the expensive and time-consuming analytical instrumentation (e.g., gas chromatography) commonly used to control the concentration of released gases, some progress has been made in gas sensor technologies as a valid alternative in

• electrophoretic method to functionalize the surface of a MWCNT gas senor with metal NPs is fast, scalable and versatile compared to the other proposed processes. Moreover, these MWCNT-based solid-state chemiresistive gas sensors seem to be a complementary solution to the common analytical instrumentation for gas

Multimodal cantilevers with novel piezoelectric layer topology for sensitivity enhancement

• Steven Ian Moore,
• Michael G. Ruppert and
• Yuen Kuan Yong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 358–371, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.38

• AFM cantilever instrumentation requires a piezoelectric stack actuator at the base of the cantilever for excitation [3] inevitably adding additional resonances as is visible from the so called forest of peaks [22]. These additional frequency components make cantilever resonance tuning almost

• desired modes rather than suppress the undesirable modes. This difference leads to fundamental changes in the design strategy, resulting piezoelectric layer topology, instrumentation, actuator characteristics and sensor characteristics. Indeed, the justification for this altered approach comes from the

• piezoelectric actuator arrangements to maximize the transducer response for the first four modes of a cantilever with a stepped geometry. In section ’Instrumentation of the cantilever’ the working principle and modeling of the instrumentation is presented. The experimentally determined actuator and sensor

Nanostructured SnO₂–ZnO composite gas sensors for selective detection of carbon monoxide

• Paul Chesler,
• Cristian Hornoiu,
• Susana Mihaiu,
• Cristina Vladut,
• Jose Maria Calderon Moreno,
• Mihai Anastasescu,
• Carmen Moldovan,
• Bogdan Firtat,
• Costin Brasoveanu,
• George Muscalu,
• Ion Stan and
• Mariuca Gartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2045–2056, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.195

• . The final thermal treatment consisted of heating the sensor for 1 h at 350 °C [34]. The obtained sensors were named S1–S5 (see Table 1). Instrumentation Sensor characterization techniques The S1–S5 sensor samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy

Noise in NC-AFM measurements with significant tip–sample interaction

• Jannis Lübbe,
• Matthias Temmen,
• Philipp Rahe and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1885–1904, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.181

• of noise generation and propagation in the NC-AFM and provide a quantitative prediction of noise for given experimental parameters. We derive strategies for noise-optimised imaging and spectroscopy and outline a full optimisation procedure for the instrumentation and control loops. Keywords

Functionalized platinum nanoparticles with surface charge trigged by pH: synthesis, characterization and stability studies

• Giovanna Testa,
• Laura Fontana,
• Iole Venditti and
• Ilaria Fratoddi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1822–1828, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.175

• bond on the PtNP surface. The DLS characterization demonstrated the long-term stability of the colloidal system up to three months and the possibility to tune the aggregation phenomenon of the PtNPs by varying the pH due to modulation of the metal surface charge. Experimental Instrumentation UV–vis

Precise in situ etch depth control of multilayered III−V semiconductor samples with reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) equipment

• Ann-Kathrin Kleinschmidt,
• Lars Barzen,
• Johannes Strassner,
• Christoph Doering,
• Henning Fouckhardt,
• Wolfgang Bock,
• Michael Wahl and
• Michael Kopnarski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1783–1793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.171

• photon energy, the term RAS spectrum will be used. Due to the rotation of the substrates during epitaxy the software of the epitaxy-RAS instrumentation typically ignores the sign of the RAS signal. The time evolution of the spectrum of this RAS signal is called a false-color plot or short color plot (see

Numerical investigation of depth profiling capabilities of helium and neon ions in ion microscopy

• Patrick Philipp,
• Lukasz Rzeznik and
• Tom Wirtz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1749–1760, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.168

• Patrick Philipp Lukasz Rzeznik Tom Wirtz Advanced Instrumentation for Ion Nano-Analytics (AINA), MRT Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg 10.3762/bjnano.7.168 Abstract The analysis of polymers by secondary ion mass