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Search for "oxides" in Full Text gives 453 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92
- deacetylation in the chitosan, the positive charge density increases, which results in high electrostatic interaction which electrically stimulate the osteoblasts to proliferative and differentiate [46][47][48]. Chitosan biomaterials containing graphene oxides were used as substrates for the generation of
Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89
- selection of Cu and Co is their similar crystal structure to that of silver, besides their catalytic oxidizing ability. Moreover, to date, there are no reports on the evaluation of the electrochemical ORR activity in alkaline media employing AgCuCo oxides supported on rGO. To identify the phase formation
- concentration in the trimetallic oxides, in combination with conductive rGO, plays a key role in the ORR activity in alkaline medium. We optimized the Ag content in the trimetallic oxide ACC-2, which showed an onset potential of 0.94 V vs RHE and a limiting current density of 3.6 mA·cm−2 along with considerable
Theoretical investigations of oxygen vacancy effects in nickel-doped zirconia from ab initio XANES spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.85
- and magnetic order in a typical diluted magnetic oxide. Such a finding may be crucial for spintronics-related applications. Keywords: defect; ligand field; nickel; oxidation state; oxides; spectroscopy; spintronics; vacancy; X-ray absorption; X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES); zirconia
- ; Introduction The search for room-temperature magnetic semiconductors has been the driving force behind the increasing interest of material scientists and solid-state physicists in magnetic oxides [1]. This is due to their potential applications as building block of spintronic devices. Magnetic oxides are
- been achieved [3][4]). Also, in the last decade, considerable efforts have been devoted to determine the type of magnetic interaction (paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, or antiferromagnetic) and the microscopic mechanisms responsible for the magnetism in doped magnetic oxides (DMO) [5]. Several experimental
Solar-light-driven LaFexNi1−xO3 perovskite oxides for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to degrade organic pollutants
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 882–895, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.79
- ), Chengalpattu district, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603103, India 10.3762/bjnano.13.79 Abstract LaFexNi1−xO3 perovskite oxides were prepared by the sol–gel method under various conditions, including different pH values (pH 0 and pH 7) and different calcination temperatures (500–800 °C) as well as different Fe/Ni
- ratios (1/9, 3/7, 5/5, 7/3, 9/1). The samples were examined by XRD, DRS, BET, and SEM to reveal their crystallinity, light-absorption ability, specific surface area, and surface features, respectively. The photocatalytic Fenton reaction was conducted using various LaFexNi1−xO3 perovskite oxides to
- decompose the methylene blue molecules. Accordingly, the synthesis condition of pH 0, calcination temperature at 700 °C, and Fe/Ni ratio = 7/3 could form LaFe0.7Ni0.3O3 perovskite oxides as highly efficient photocatalysts. Moreover, various conditions during the photocatalytic degradation were verified
Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72
- that these contributions arose from contamination by the ambient, we excluded them from our calculations of the surface chemical composition. Figure 6 shows that the surface oxide on the melt mainly consists of gallium and tin oxides, with a minor contribution from indium oxide. After heating at 100 °C
- %, while the atomic fractions of tin and indium bound as oxides (SnO or SnO2, and In2O3) did not significantly change. Given the atomic concentrations in Table 3, the native mixed surface oxide of the Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid consists of GaO2–Sn2O3–In2O3 or (Ga0.8Sn0.14In0.06)O2. After heating, this
- the respective stabilities of the oxides at the tip and at the liquid surface, respectively. Their stability can be discussed based on their respective melting points and enthalpies of fusion ΔHfus and formation at T = 298.15 K, For amorphous SiO2, the following values were reported: = 1726 K
Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70
- stability and impermeability to gases and liquids. In contrast, the surrounding exposed areas of the Cu foil surface exhibited high reactivity and were readily oxidized to copper oxides with a noticeable color change. The apparent color contrast between the oxidized and non-oxidized Cu surfaces made the
Efficient liquid exfoliation of KP15 nanowires aided by Hansen's empirical theory
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 788–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.69
- improved by adjusting the composition and type of solutions used in the liquid-phase exfoliation [15][16][17]. This theory has been successfully used for improving the exfoliation efficiency in several low-dimensional materials, such as carbon, graphene, metal oxides, and fibrous phosphorus. [18]. In a
A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65
- , selective, sensitive, and point-of-care (POC) analytical tools for monitoring environmental pollutants [2][11]. They can also detect residual OPs based on their electrocatalytic activity and affinity toward nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, and metal oxides [11]. In a few reports
A non-enzymatic electrochemical hydrogen peroxide sensor based on copper oxide nanostructures
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 424–436, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.35
- ]. Nanostructured materials are widely used as the working surface of the electrode [47][48][49]. The most common are transition metal nanoparticles [33][37][50][51][52][53][54], carbon nanotubes [8], metal oxides [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64], graphene [32][33], and ordered mesoporous carbon [38][65][66
- copper wire is observed. This process is similar to the conventional hydrothermal growth of most metal oxides described in previous studies [74][78][79]; however, this work has a fundamental difference: Cu-containing salts are not used in the synthesis process. The copper wire itself acts as the
- healthcare to analyse changes in the concentration of H2O2 in biological fluids. Also, a promising option to study more complex analytes and to significantly increase the sensitivity is the use of this nanostructured CuO sensor as part of a multisensor system based on several types of metal oxides (e.g
A chemiresistive sensor array based on polyaniline nanocomposites and machine learning classification
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 411–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.34
- 1999/2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic 10.3762/bjnano.13.34 Abstract The selective detection of ammonia (NH3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon oxides (CO2 and CO), acetone ((CH3)2CO), and toluene (C6H5CH3) is investigated by means of a gas sensor array based on polyaniline nanocomposites. The array
- oxides, and various volatile organic compounds, is crucial in automotive, defense, aviation, chemical, medicine, and food industries [1][2]. Research on chemical sensors is currently focused on the fabrication of multisensor arrays for enhanced detection and identification of various chemical compounds
Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 236–244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.18
- inner layer, which involves two physicochemical processes. Metal cations are generated at the interface between the inner and outer layer by the dissolution of the inner layer oxides and the metal substrate and then diffuse away from the interface. In the case of immersion, the constant small adhesion
- explain the bilayer structure found after polarization [30][31][42]. Metal cations react with water, or anions present in the solution, and form hydrated oxides and hydroxides at the interface between the outer layer and solution. These hydrates diffuse into the bulk solution, or partially transform as
Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15
- systems for theranostic purposes. Titanium dioxide (titanium(IV) oxide/titania/TiO2) has garnered considerable attention as one of the most extensively studied metal oxides in clinical applications. Owing to the unique properties of titania, such as photocatalytic activity, excellent biocompatibility
- that they can circulate freely through the circulatory system and can penetrate tissues. Recently, TiO2 has received substantial recognition as one of the most extensively studied inorganic metal oxides in clinical research due to its unique nanosized features, intrinsic properties, biocompatibility
- many years, titania has been employed as a colorant in food, cosmetics, and sunscreen. Moreover, Ti-containing metal alloys have been widely utilized in medical fields, because the have a higher biocompatibility than other vastly explored metal oxides such as silica, manganese oxide, and iron oxide
Thermal oxidation process on Si(113)-(3 × 2) investigated using high-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 172–181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.12
- understand thermal oxidation on silicon surfaces as well as metal-induced oxidation and silicidation [2]. Nevertheless, dynamic processes in oxidation have been studied scarcely so far, especially for high-index silicon surfaces. The study of the oxides grown on high-index silicon surfaces is of great
- formed at site (a) is expanded preferentially along the direction, as indicated by the solid arrows, and merges with the oxides initially formed at sites (b) and (c), as shown by circles (b’) and (c’). The empty arrow (d) shows a bright protrusion formed at the edge of the oxide. The empty arrow (e
- corresponding to the oxides was observed. Temperature–pressure growth mode diagram Figure 6a and Figure 6b show temperature–pressure growth mode diagrams of thermal oxidation on Si(113) and Si(111), respectively. Characterization of this region as a transition region in which both oxidation and etching occur is
A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10
- 5.5 [63]. Utilizing the synergistic effect of the oxidation of manganese dioxide and strong adsorption of iron oxides to As5+, Aliahmadipoor et al. developed a novel electrospun nanohybrid membrane incorporating inorganic Fe–Mn binary oxide nanoparticles into PVDF for the decontamination of As5+. A
- membranes due to the high surface area for particle adsorption. The hybridization of the electrospun membranes with additives improved the properties compared to pristine polymer membranes. GO, Fe2O3 and other metal oxides, HNTs, activated carbons, and zeolite are some of the frequently used additives for
- polymer membranes. The hydrophilicity of the membranes notably inhibits membrane fouling due to oils and other hydrophobic matter. For example, GO is highly hydrophilic and will impart hydrophilicity to the ENH membrane. Blending of iron oxides into ENH membranes will impart magnetic properties, which
Tin dioxide nanomaterial-based photocatalysts for nitrogen oxide oxidation: a review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 96–113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.7
- the COVID-19 pandemic in the past year. WHO also reported that the emissions of nitrogen oxides in the early 1980s over the world were estimated at approximately 150 × 1012 g/year while the concentration of nitrogen dioxide outdoor can achieve up to 940 µg/m3 (0.5 ppm) for 30 min and 400 µg/m3 (0.21
- ppm) for 60 min [2]. Nitrogen oxides (NOx, including NO and NO2) are poisonous and highly reactive gases. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is associated with respiratory diseases and mortality. NOx is formed when fuel is burnt at high temperatures and emitted by automobiles, trucks, and various non-road
- predominantly point defects, that is, defects associated with one lattice point, such as cation or oxygen ion vacancies. OVs determine the physical and chemical properties of metal oxides. Figure 4a shows the natural crystal structure of SnO2 synthesized by vapor transport [48]. The (110) plane of rutile SnO2
Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2
- properties to fit the targeted application in fields such as mechanics, optics, electronics, and biomaterials. Various types of coatings can be produced, from pure metals to metal oxides, nitrides, carbides, oxynitrides to metal alloys, or chemically more complex combinations such as high-entropy alloys [24
- by a plasma generated in a mixture of argon with a molecular gas, by using dedicated mass flow controllers (MFC). Oxygen, nitrogen, methane, or hydrogen sulfide can be added to deposit metal oxides, nitrides, carbides, or sulfides, respectively. One example of such tailoring of the film chemistry is
- alloy, see Figure 3b), and/or the implementation of reactive sputtering by adding a molecular gas (e.g., N2, O2 and CH4) allow for depositing a very large catalog of materials ranging from pure metals and alloys to metal oxides, nitrides, and other compounds. (ii) The product of pressure times target
Identifying diverse metal oxide nanomaterials with lethal effects on embryonic zebrafish using machine learning
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1297–1325, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.97
- correlate well with the electronegativity of the cation, such that a descriptor based upon the metal atom electronegativity may reflect catalytic activity due to ions release via dissolution, leading to toxicity via generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [60]. However, metal oxides may also result in
- be successfully identified. Interestingly, it was found that comparable results could be obtained using a model based upon a single, simple descriptor: the Pauling electronegativity of the metal atom. This descriptor has previously been used to model cytotoxicity of metal oxides [55][59], and other
- is purely related to this simple descriptor providing limited information about the composition of the metal oxide core. Numerous studies have shown that a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics may influence the level of hazard associated with ENMs in general [65] and for metal oxides
Plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence from TiO2 and TeO2 thin films doped by Eu3+ for optoelectronic applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1271–1278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.94
- investigated by SEM and TEM, while the composition of oxides film was analyzed by XPS. Luminescence properties were studied on the basis of excitation and emission spectra. The experiments show that the additional dielectric layer enhances the luminescence intensity. Such structures could be potential
The effect of cobalt on morphology, structure, and ORR activity of electrospun carbon fibre mats in aqueous alkaline environments
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1173–1186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.87
- metallic cobalt but rather cobalt oxides or hydroxides. The fraction of these species strongly depends on the carbonisation temperature; in the samples carbonised at 600 °C, only a species fitting to the Co(OH)2 reference spectra is found on the surface of the fibres. After carbonising at higher
- particle surface is completely reduced and only re-oxidised upon contact with air. From an application point of view, this oxide/hydroxide layer may even prove beneficial, as both cobalt [16] and its oxides [29] have been shown to enhance the ORR in alkaline media. Carbon matrix structure The XRD
- nitrogen at 398.7 eV, pyrrolic nitrogen at 400.3 eV, graphitic nitrogen at 401.2 eV, and pyridinic N-oxides at 402.8 eV [41]. The most important types discussed in the context of the catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction are pyridinic and graphitic nitrogen [41][42][43][44]. The spectra
pH-driven enhancement of anti-tubercular drug loading on iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in macrophages
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1127–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.84
- profile from NOR@IONPpH10 resembled that of free NOR where the release was rapid over the first 4–6 h and saturated out there after (Figure 5b, inset). The release of NOR from metal oxides, NiO, is found to follow first order rate kinetics thus we too fitted out drug release plots to a first order model
Assessment of the optical and electrical properties of light-emitting diodes containing carbon-based nanostructures and plasmonic nanoparticles: a review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1078–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.80
- a large scale. For this purpose, transparent conducting oxides (TCO), such as thin films of In2O3, SnO2, ZnO, and their mixtures have been extensively studied [30][31][32][33][34]. The most widely studied TCO is indium tin oxide (ITO), which possesses good physical properties, such as high optical
- graphene oxide is required based on the device configuration. Shi et al. obtained similar results with an excellent luminance of 53000 cd/m2, demonstrating its explicit applicability in flexible OLED [64]. Combinations of graphene oxide with polymers and metal oxides have also been evaluated. Lin et al
- a uniform thin film. Some of the commonly used polymers and metal oxides for ETL are PBD, PBD-PMMA, BND, ZnO, SnO2, and TiO2 [69][70][71]. Improvements in the device performance have been reported, when using polymer–MWNT nanocomposite-based ETL. For example, Fournet et al. have investigated the
Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75
- the main focus. A large part of the patents protects certain elements of the battery electrodes (Table 3). Some of the patents protect the production of specific materials for application as electrode, including the production and/or use of different types of nanoparticles, such as oxides and
Molecular assemblies on surfaces: towards physical and electronic decoupling of organic molecules
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 950–956, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.71
- . Among others, ultrathin dielectric layers of either alkali halides (e.g., NaCl [17]) or metal oxides (e.g., MgO [18], Al2O3 [19], and CuO [20]), or nitrides (CuN [21]) have been shown to be beneficial for successfully reducing or even completely switching off the unwanted interaction between the metal
- . To a lesser extent, metal oxides have also been used, for which defects and charging often pose additional challenges [44][45][46]. On electronically insulating surfaces, non-contact atomic force microscopy (AFM) is the method of choice to study molecular assemblies and individual molecules in real
Nanoporous and nonporous conjugated donor–acceptor polymer semiconductors for photocatalytic hydrogen production
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 607–623, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.50
- are primarily inorganic materials, such as metal oxides and sulfides [5]. Inorganic photocatalysts, however, have some inherent drawbacks. Harsh synthetic conditions, such as high pressure and temperature, are required [5]. Moreover, many reported inorganic photocatalysts contain heavy metal elements
Impact of GaAs(100) surface preparation on EQE of AZO/Al2O3/p-GaAs photovoltaic structures
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 578–592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.48
- arsenide is a known and intensively studied phenomenon in semiconductor industry [4]. The air exposure of GaAs surface results in an immediate appearance of different oxides of various compositions (e.g., AsO, As2O, As2O3, GaO, Ga2O, Ga2O3, GaAsO3, and GaAsO4) as well as of elemental arsenic [5][6][7]. The
- presence of an amorphous film of native oxides gives rise to midgap surface states in GaAs [8] which results in Fermi-level pinning [9]. Due to a high surface-related recombination velocity, a decrease in the photoluminescence (PL) of the semiconductor is also observed [7]. These phenomena have strong and
- aqueous solutions are used with the addition of an oxidizer – usually hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Such an etchant is able to turn GaAs into oxide and dissolve the created oxides “at the same time”. The popular etchants are H2SO4/H2O2/H2O, NH4OH/H2O2/H2O, and citric acid (CA)-based etchants – CA/H2O2/H2O [17
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