Surface energy of nanoparticles – influence of particle size and structure

• Dieter Vollath,
• Franz Dieter Fischer and
• David Holec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2265–2276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.211

• times the energy per bond. Therefore, one may expect a relation such as In Equation 3 the quantity Eb(d) stands for the energy per bond and the quantity q, the relative coordination number, stands for the ratio of the coordination number of a surface atom nsurface to that of an atom in the undisturbed

• thermodynamic quantities [18][19][20][21][22]. Similar estimations, using the number of broken bonds at the surface, were performed by Lu and Jiang [23]. The result of counting broken bonds or applying relative coordination numbers depends on the crystal structure and on the crystallographic plane. Therefore

• , quite often, one may find examples of these coordination numbers for different structures. Consequently, such a model is not suitable for generalized considerations. For the surface coordination number, the same crystallographic aspects are valid as in case of the broken bonds at the surface. For these

Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view

• Mattia Scardamaglia and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2015–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.191

• vertically aligned boron–carbon–nitrogen (BCN) nanotubes [61]. Similar to nitrogen, boron can take a substitutional position with three-fold coordination or form a vacancy complex changing the bond lengths in the carbon lattice. These configurations respond differently to a gaseous analyte [29]. Wu et al

• atom %. Above this threshold cross-linking between the layers starts to occur and an sp3-coordination of carbon begins to occur [95]. At intermediate concentrations, the system is stabilized by nitrogen saturation of edges and vacancies, implicating an increasing content of pyridinic N compared to

• decreases with all types of nitrogen species, but graphitic nitrogen and Stone–Wales defects are more efficient than pyridinic nitrogen. In fact, the latter was shown to have a negligible occupation of the π*-anti-bonding orbital, due to its two-fold coordination and the lone-pair electrons, in contrast to

Recent highlights in nanoscale and mesoscale friction

• Andrea Vanossi,
• Dirk Dietzel,
• Andre Schirmeisen,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Rémy Pawlak,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Marcin Kisiel,
• Shigeki Kawai and
• Nicola Manini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1995–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.190

• modulations were systematically obtained in the force channel, as shown in Figure 6b and Figure 6c. This indicates the formation of a well-defined tip–sample junction during the experiment. According to the authors, the tendency of the cyano end groups to form coordination bonds with Cu atoms of both the tip

Synthesis of rare-earth metal and rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles in ionic liquids and propylene carbonate

• Marvin Siebels,
• Lukas Mai,
• Laura Schmolke,
• Kai Schütte,
• Juri Barthel,
• Junpei Yue,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Bernd M. Smarsly,
• Anjana Devi,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1881–1894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.180

• obtained rare-earth fluoride particles were not phase-pure [8]. An alternative method for synthesizing rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles is the use of rare-earth metal amidinates as precursors [9][10][11][12]. Metal amidinates are coordination compounds [13][14] and used, for example, as catalysts in

• PC (Figure S3, Supporting Information File 1) gave no signals for fluorine. Conclusion Microwave-assisted thermal decomposition [56][57][58] using the rare-earth metal(III) coordination compounds tris(N,N′-diisopropyl-2-methyl-amidinate) RE(amd)3 (RE = Pr(III), Gd(III), Er(III)) and tris(2,2,6,6

SO₂ gas adsorption on carbon nanomaterials: a comparative study

• Deepu J. Babu,
• Divya Puthusseri,
• Frank G. Kühl,
• Sherif Okeil,
• Michael Bruns,
• Manfred Hampe and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1782–1792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.169

• due to the parallel stacking on CNTs in such VACNT bundles, on the groove sites present at the intersection of two CNTs, as well as on the outer periphery [28]. These different adsorption sites vary in their adsorption energies due to the difference in the coordination number of carbon atoms and

Photoluminescence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in nematic liquid crystals in electric fields

• Margarita A. Kurochkina,
• Elena A. Konshina and
• Daria Khmelevskaia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1544–1549, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.145

• additional slow ions in the LC. Such slow ions can be TOPO molecules with weak coordination bonds to the surface of the QDs [26]. We compared the dependencies of PL intensity and ion current on the electric field strength in the LC cell with an initially planar orientation in Figure 4. The presence of a PL

Cr(VI) remediation from aqueous environment through modified-TiO₂-mediated photocatalytic reduction

• Rashmi Acharya,
• Brundabana Naik and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1448–1470, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.137

Colorimetric detection of Cu²⁺ based on the formation of peptide–copper complexes on silver nanoparticle surfaces

• Gajanan Sampatrao Ghodake,
• Surendra Krishna Shinde,
• Rijuta Ganesh Saratale,
• Avinash Ashok Kadam,
• Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale,
• Asad Syed,
• Fuad Ameen and
• Dae-Young Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1414–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.134

• + is based on coordination reactions of Cu2+ with casein peptide-functionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), leading to a distinct color change of the solution from yellow to red. The developed method has a good detection limit of about 0.16 µM Cu2+ using 0.05 mL of AgNPs stock solution and a

• characteristic yellow appearance. In the presence of Cu2+, the coordination product was formed, followed by assembly of the AgNPs into aggregates, which exhibited extinction at 520 nm. In a proof-of-concept detection experiment, the estimated Cu2+ concentration range was 0.08–1.44 µM, depending on the amount of

• Cu2+-binding casein peptide ligands. The solution of aggregates was incubated for 20 min to allow for the coordination to occur. Results and Discussion Synthesis and characterization of casein peptide-capped AgNPs The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of spherical AgNPs immediately caused an absorbance

Electrodeposition of reduced graphene oxide with chitosan based on the coordination deposition method

• Mingyang Liu,
• Yanjun Chen,
• Chaoran Qin,
• Zheng Zhang,
• Shuai Ma,
• Xiuru Cai,
• Xueqian Li and
• Yifeng Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1200–1210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.111

• deposited on an electrode through codeposition with chitosan, based on the coordination deposition method. After electrodeposition, the homogeneous, deposited rGO/chitosan films can be generated on copper or silver electrodes or substrates. The electrodeposition method allows for the convenient and

• , which can then be used for electrochemical detection. Keywords: chitosan; coordination; electrodeposition; nanocomposite films; reduced graphene oxide; Introduction Graphene has attracted tremendous attention due to its large surface area, excellent mechanical strength, high electronic conductivity

• through a cathodic neutralization mechanism [10][11][12]. In addition to the cathodic electrodeposition of chitosan, our group has developed a novel electrodeposition method for chitosan, based on the coordination of chitosan with the metal ions [13]. The coordination electrodeposition of chitosan is

Graphene composites with dental and biomedical applicability

• Sharali Malik,
• Felicite M. Ruddock,
• Adam H. Dowling,
• Kevin Byrne,
• Wolfgang Schmitt,
• Ivan Khalakhan,
• Yoshihiro Nemoto,
• Hongxuan Guo,
• Lok Kumar Shrestha,
• Katsuhiko Ariga and
• Jonathan P. Hill

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 801–808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.73

• study was partially supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP16H06518 (Coordination Asymmetry) and CREST JST Grant Number JPMJCR1665. We also thank Graphit Kropfmühl GmbH for supply of MLG material. The authors would like to acknowledge networking support by the COST Action MultiComp (CA15107

Optimisation of purification techniques for the preparation of large-volume aqueous solar nanoparticle inks for organic photovoltaics

• Furqan Almyahi,
• Thomas R. Andersen,
• Nathan A. Cooling,
• Natalie P. Holmes,
• Matthew J. Griffith,
• Krishna Feron,
• Xiaojing Zhou,
• Warwick J. Belcher and
• Paul C. Dastoor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 649–659, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.60

• factors of 1–1.2 × 109 and 1–3.1 × 1010, respectively. Commonly for both techniques the graphs can be divided into three regions, initially (low dilution factor) the curves appear flat with an absorption of 0.2–0.25 due to an SDS concentration higher than 1 mg mL−1, which saturates the coordination

Anchoring Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in a reduced graphene oxide aerogel matrix via polydopamine coating

• Błażej Scheibe,
• Radosław Mrówczyński,
• Natalia Michalak,
• Karol Załęski,
• Michał Matczak,
• Mateusz Kempiński,
• Zuzanna Pietralik,
• Mikołaj Lewandowski,
• Stefan Jurga and
• Feliks Stobiecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 591–601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.55

• reference rGO aerogel, is related to the stabilization of rGO aerogel structure by Fe3O4 nanoparticles that anchor at the GO defect sites via monodente or bidentate coordination of iron with carboxylic groups during hydrogel formation [49]. In the case of the rGO-PDA@Fe3O4 sample, this effect is even more

Electron interactions with the heteronuclear carbonyl precursor H₂FeRu₃(CO)₁₃ and comparison with HFeCo₃(CO)₁₂: from fundamental gas phase and surface science studies to focused electron beam induced deposition

• Ragesh Kumar T P,
• Paul Weirich,
• Lukas Hrachowina,
• Marc Hanefeld,
• Ragnar Bjornsson,
• Helgi Rafn Hrodmarsson,
• Sven Barth,
• D. Howard Fairbrother,
• Michael Huth and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 555–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.53

• framework of the metal atoms of these heterometallic clusters. In H2FeRu3(CO)13 and HFeCo3(CO)12 each tetrahedron contains one iron atom and three ruthenium or cobalt atoms, respectively. The coordination sphere contains the carbonyl as well as hydride ligands, which results in a highly symmetrical molecule

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO₂

• Patrycja Parnicka,
• Paweł Mazierski,
• Tomasz Grzyb,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewa Kowalska,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

• cannot be effectively incorporated into the TiO2 lattice. Additionally, a full inclusion of Nd3+ ions may be hindered by the low coordination number of Ti4+ ions (CN = 6), because Nd3+ ions prefer sites with CN = 8 or 9. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that Nd-containing species are localized at

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds

• Michal Lacko,
• Peter Papp,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Edward Szłyk and
• Štefan Matejčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 384–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.38

• used to identify the fragmentation pattern of the coordination compounds produced in crossed electron – molecular beam experiments and to measure the dependence of ion yields of positive and negative ions on the electron energy. The dissociation pattern of positive ions contains a sequential loss of

• or coordination compounds suitable for FEBID. Previous gas phase studies performed in Bratislava with coordination compounds have shown the importance of DI and DEA processes in FEBID [10][11][12][17][18][19][35]. The partial decomposition of the metal complex via DI and DEA together with the role of

• be markedly different due to the absence of alkylamine ligands. As shown in Figure 3 and listed in Table 1, we have obtained for [Cu2(µ-O2CC2F5)4] appearance energies for sequential loss of carboxylate ligands. Usually, the dissociation of ligands from coordination compounds requires higher incident

Anchoring of a dye precursor on NiO(001) studied by non-contact atomic force microscopy

• Sara Freund,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Nathalie Marinakis,
• Edwin C. Constable,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Catherine E. Housecroft and
• Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 242–249, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.26

• ) changes to a cis-conformation upon coordination of a metal ion Mn+ (right). From large-scale imaging to atomic resolution on NiO(001). (a) Large scale topographic image of the NiO(001) crystal presenting clean terraces (scan parameters: = 4 nm, Δf1 = −30 Hz). The high-resolution topographic image (b

Response under low-energy electron irradiation of a thin film of a potential copper precursor for focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID)

• Leo Sala,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Céline Dablemont,
• Anne Lafosse and
• Lionel Amiaud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 57–65, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.8

• ). Compound A and B exhibit very similar vibrational signatures. Ethylamine apical ligands are visible by the signatures of the ν(CH) stretching band 360–380 meV, and the ν(NH) stretching band, positioned in the 380–400 meV range due to the coordination by the nitrogen group [18]. Additional small signatures

• coordinated to Cu2+ cations. It would be interesting to investigate if the low lying shape resonance of π* character near 1 eV, involved in the dissociative electron attachment process on carboxylic acids, is preserved in a coordination complex and could lead to the cleavage of the Cu–OOCR coordination bond

The rational design of a Au(I) precursor for focused electron beam induced deposition

• Ali Marashdeh,
• Thiadrik Tiesma,
• Niels J. C. van Velzen,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Remco W. A. Havenith,
• Jeff T. M. De Hosson and
• Willem F. van Dorp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2753–2765, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.274

• shows four short Au–Au bonds per Au atom and should, therefore, be regarded as being strongly bound by aurophilic interactions [71]. This can be attributed to the small size and needle-like coordination of the CO ligand. Figure 4 shows that ClAuCO crystallizes as a 2D polymeric structure. It seems that

Ab initio study of adsorption and diffusion of lithium on transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers

• Xiaoli Sun and
• Zhiguo Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2711–2718, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.270

• views of ball and stick models of a MX2 monolayer in (a) 2H, (b) 1T and (c) 1T' phase. The M atoms have octahedral and trigonal prismatic coordination in the 1T/1T' and 2H phase, respectively. Band structures of MX2 monolayers in the stable phase. Fermi energy level is set to be 0. Possible adsorption

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• ], CTAB [66][70], or oleylamine [87] are commonly used on metal particles and provide some colloidal stability; thicker polymer shells in good solvents generally lead to greater stability [88][89]. The ligands are anchored on the cores through metal–ligand coordination, hydrophobic adsorption or

Synthesis of [{AgO₂CCH₂OMe(PPh₃)}_n] and theoretical study of its use in focused electron beam induced deposition

• Jelena Tamuliene,
• Julian Noll,
• Peter Frenzel,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Alexander Jakob,
• Bernhard Walfort and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2615–2624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.262

• Chemnitz, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.8.262 Abstract The synthesis, chemical and physical properties of [{AgO2CCH2OMe}n] (1) and [{AgO2CCH2OMe(PPh3)}n] (2) are reported. Consecutive reaction of AgNO3 with HO2CCH2OMe gave 1, which upon treatment with PPh3 produced 2. Coordination compound 2 forms a 1D

• coordination polymer in the solid state as evidenced by single crystal X-ray structure analysis. The coordination geometry at Ag+ is of the [3 + 1] type, whereby the carboxylate anions act as bridging ligands. The formation of PPh3–Ag(I) coordinative bonds results in distorted T-shaped AgPO2 units, which are

• was shown that coordination compounds, for example, silver(I) carboxylates can successfully be applied as single-source species for silver nanoparticle formation [6] and as gas-phase precursors in the deposition of pure, dense and conformal thin silver films [7][8][9]. This study aims for showing if

Adsorption of iron tetraphenylporphyrin on (111) surfaces of coinage metals: a density functional theory study

• Hao Tang,
• Nathalie Tarrat,
• Véronique Langlais and
• Yongfeng Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2484–2491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.248

• between these two stable magnetic states is essentially associated to the strength of the ligand field. The modification of the coordination sphere of the metallic centre is thus necessary to manipulate its spin state. Most of such manipulations have been achieved by coordinating an additional small

• molecule (e.g., NO, CO) or atom (Cl) in order to modify the coordination number [8][9][10][11]. Only few reversible manipulations of spin were achieved without additional ligand, as the one shown by N. Lin et al. on a single FeTPP molecule junction in a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) [12]. In this

• . At the end, the relationship between the substrate and the coordination sphere of Fe is discussed in terms of molecule–surface interaction, charge transfer and work function modification. Results and Discussion Free molecule and conformations The ideal D4h symmetry, exhibiting the phenyl rings

Fabrication of CeO₂–MO_x (M = Cu, Co, Ni) composite yolk–shell nanospheres with enhanced catalytic properties for CO oxidation

• Ling Liu,
• Jingjing Shi,
• Hongxia Cao,
• Ruiyu Wang and
• Ziwu Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2425–2437, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.241

• general wet-chemical approach. It involved a non-equilibrium heat-treatment of Ce coordination polymer colloidal spheres (Ce-CPCSs) with a proper heating rate to produce CeO2 yolk–shell nanospheres, followed by a solvothermal treatment of as-synthesized CeO2 with M(CH3COO)2 in ethanol solution. During the

• integration of coordination chemistry with anti-solvent effects for synchronized precipitation. Second, the resultant Ce-CPCSs served as the precursor to produce CeO2 yolk–shell nanospheres by non-equilibrium heat treatment with a proper heating rate. Heterogeneous contraction, caused by non-equilibrium heat

Dissociative electron attachment to coordination complexes of chromium: chromium(0) hexacarbonyl and benzene-chromium(0) tricarbonyl

• Janina Kopyra,
• Paulina Maciejewska and
• Jelena Maljković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2257–2263, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.225

• [9], and HFeCo3(CO)12 [33], the bare metal ions were either not observed or observed with very low intensity (below 0.5% of the most intense anionic fragment). Conclusion In the present contribution, we have investigated how different ligands within coordination complexes modify the formation of

• , besides the direct decomposition of TNI, may also be generated via sequential, metastable decay. In the framework of the potential role of coordination complexes of chromium for FEBID applications, we note that the removal of C6H6 and all CO ligands to form exceptionally intense signal of bare [Cr]− has

The interplay between spin densities and magnetic superexchange interactions: case studies of mono- and trinuclear bis(oxamato)-type complexes

• Azar Aliabadi,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Vladislav Kataev and
• Tobias Rüffer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2245–2256, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.224

• double resonance; spin density distribution; Introduction The flexibility of carbon chemistry together with the structural variety of coordination chemistry offers unique possibilities to design new coordination complexes. This includes the potential of metalloligands for a metallosupramolecular

• related higher nuclear magnetic materials. There are already reports of spin and electron density distribution studies by polarized neutron and high-resolution X-ray diffraction measurements, respectively, for a ferrimagnetic type-IV coordination polymer [30][31]. Both studies revealed formidable direct

• shown to be sufficient for this purpose [9], since at Q- and especially at W-band frequencies the powder pattern of the ESR spectrum arising due to the g-factor anisotropy is much better resolved. We demonstrated that the higher the tetrahedral distortion of the CuN2O4 coordination units of type-II