New micro/mesoporous nanocomposite material from low-cost sources for the efficient removal of aromatic and pathogenic pollutants from water

• Emmanuel I. Unuabonah,
• Robert Nöske,
• Jens Weber,
• Christina Günter and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 119–131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.11

• meant to determine the surface charge of samples prepared was carried out using the salt addition method, as described by Unuabonah et al. [22]. Elemental analysis to determine the amount of C, H, and N in the samples was performed with an Elementar Vario EL III elemental analyzer. Adsorption of 4

Characterization and influence of hydroxyapatite nanopowders on living cells

• Przemyslaw Oberbek,
• Tomasz Bolek,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Julia Rogowska-Tylman,
• Ganna Nechyporenko,
• Viktor Zinchenko,
• Wojciech Swieszkowski and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3079–3094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.286

• in the application of novel NPs in medicine and biology. Adverse effect of NOAA on living organisms may be influenced by many factors such as size, shape, solubility, exposure time, surface charge, surface area, crystallinity, agglomeration or chemical composition [7][8][9]. Since the properties of

• number of samples, biological models and characterization methods provided encompassed much less than the scope of this work. Previous studies have focused mainly on the impact of shape, size or surface charge of the nanoparticles alone [20][23][24][25]. An approach limited to one or two features

• -chemical method with spray drying, microwave solvothermal synthesis and synthesis in molten salts conducted at 300 °C) were characterized. A range of physicochemical characteristics including particle size, shape, specific surface area, degree of crystallinity, surface charge, state of agglomeration

Hydrogen-induced plasticity in nanoporous palladium

• Markus Gößler,
• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Markus Stütz,
• Norbert Enzinger and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3013–3024, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.280

• recently [60], is where Δεe denotes the change in elastic strain, α is the specific surface area A/V, K the bulk modulus, Δf the change in surface stress, and Enp the Young’s modulus of the nanoporous structure. Δf can be linked to the change in surface charge density Δq via electrocapillary coupling

The nanoscaled metal-organic framework ICR-2 as a carrier of porphyrins for photodynamic therapy

• Jan Hynek,
• Sebastian Jurík,
• Martina Koncošová,
• Jaroslav Zelenka,
• Ivana Křížová,
• Tomáš Ruml,
• Kaplan Kirakci,
• Ivo Jakubec,
• František Kovanda,
• Kamil Lang and
• Jan Demel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2960–2967, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.275

• diffractions using the Scherrer equation. The analysis of TEM images in Figure 2 (left) provides an average particle size of 28 nm, which is in good agreement with the results from the powder XRD analysis. The dispersibility of nanoICR-2 in aqueous media and its surface charge potential were evaluated using

Enhanced antineoplastic/therapeutic efficacy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Shanid Mohiyuddin,
• Saba Naqvi and
• Gopinath Packirisamy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2499–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.233

• TEM and SEM analysis. Zeta potential analysis The magnitude of the surface charge of the synthesized CaP@5-FU NPs was characterized by zeta potential analysis. The increased electrostatic repulsion between particles corresponding to a higher magnitude of the zeta potential results in reduced

• ± SEM (standard error of mean). Hydrodynamic diameter and surface charge The hydrodynamic diameter and surface charge of the CaP@5-FU and CaP NPs were measured in a Malvern Nano ZS 90 Zetasizer instrument at 25 °C. The diameter and zeta potential of 1 mg/mL CaP@5-FU NPs and CaP NPs in distilled water

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

• cellulose. Surface charge modification by carboxylation, carboxymethylation, and sulphonation introduces anionic functionality to aid the defibrillation of cellulose fibres based on the principle of electrostatic repulsion between similar charges [32]. Wågberg et al. [78] revealed that carboxymethylation of

• et al. [97] found that the adsorption capacity of cationic CNFs toward anions increased with the surface charge content of cellulose. They concluded that cationic CNFs with an ammonium content of 1.2 mmol/g can be considered as an efficient adsorbent for negatively charged ions such as nitrate (NO3

Recent highlights in nanoscale and mesoscale friction

• Andrea Vanossi,
• Dirk Dietzel,
• Andre Schirmeisen,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Rémy Pawlak,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Marcin Kisiel,
• Shigeki Kawai and
• Nicola Manini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1995–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.190

• interlocking of the RTIL molecular structure with the surface corrugation, but also by the surface charge, which is tunable (within reason) by the application of electric fields, with the effect of modifying the ordering of the boundary layers. Sliding in a confined geometry has been investigated with the

Synthesis of a MnO₂/Fe₃O₄/diatomite nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for methylene blue degradation

• Zishun Li,
• Xuekun Tang,
• Kun Liu,
• Jing Huang,
• Yueyang Xu,
• Qian Peng and
• Minlin Ao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1940–1950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.185

• highly increases the contact area between Fe3O4 nanoparticles and nano-MnO2 shell, which explains well the huge activity improvement after the coating with MnO2. The functional pH range is of vital importance for the practical application of various catalytic systems, because it affects surface charge

Controllable one-pot synthesis of uniform colloidal TiO₂ particles in a mixed solvent solution for photocatalysis

• Jong Tae Moon,
• Seung Ki Lee and
• Ji Bong Joo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1715–1727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.163

• carbon remained in the particle. However, TiO2-500 and TiO2-800 showed a negligible weight loss, indicating no obvious carbon species in the particle (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3b). In addition, we measured the zeta potential of the calcined TiO2 samples for estimating the surface charge

• . Although zeta potential values of TiO2 samples do not exactly represent quantitative analysis of surface functional groups, it is a useful method to estimate the surface charge which is highly related with the surface OH group. The results show that the zeta potential values are estimated to be

Interaction-tailored organization of large-area colloidal assemblies

• Silvia Rizzato,
• Elisabetta Primiceri,
• Anna Grazia Monteduro,
• Adriano Colombelli,
• Angelo Leo,
• Maria Grazia Manera,
• Roberto Rella and
• Giuseppe Maruccio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1582–1593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.150

• latex with surface charge density 1.2 µC/cm2 and concentration 8% w/v) and 500 ± 50 nm (non-functionalized Polybeads® – microspheres containing a slight anionic charge from sulfate ester, concentration 2.5% w/v) were respectively purchased from Invitrogen and Polyscience, Inc. Poly

• . This effect was more evident with the 500 nm diameter particles since the capillary strength is proportional to the particle radius and the surface charge was much lower. When the particle concentration increases from 2 to 5 wt % (sample ), the resulting radial distribution function is very similar

Cathodoluminescence as a probe of the optical properties of resonant apertures in a metallic film

• Kalpana Singh,
• Evgeniy Panchenko,
• Babak Nasr,
• Amelia Liu,
• Lukas Wesemann,
• Timothy J. Davis and
• Ann Roberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1491–1500, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.140

• radiated power to position confined to the central region defined by the slots. We can gain further insight by examining the electric field produced inside the cavities on resonance when excited by a centred dipole and the accompanying surface charge on the dielectric–metal or air–dielectric boundary

• (Figure 5). The white regions observable in the surface charge distributions correspond to the air-filled holes. Figure 5a shows the magnitude of the electric field with the arrows showing the direction of the electric field at a wavelength of 690 nm in a plane just above the lower surface of the gold

• the mode excited with a centred dipole has radial symmetry. Figure 5b shows that at 690 nm, where there is a maximum in transmission, the electric field penetrates the cavity. This is accompanied by a substantial induced surface charge on the interior walls of the cavity (Figure 5d) and the relative

Atomic-level characterization and cilostazol affinity of poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles conjugated with differentially charged hydrophilic molecules

• María Francisca Matus,
• Martín Ludueña,
• Cristian Vilos,
• Iván Palomo and
• Marcelo M. Mariscal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1328–1338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.126

• , such as core–lipid interface (cyan dotted line), polar zone (purple dotted line) and surface charge (orange dotted line). The distance between the center of mass and the boundary areas is represented using the same color as the dotted lines. Snapshots of initial (left) and final (right) conformation of

Surface characterization of nanoparticles using near-field light scattering

• Eunsoo Yoo,
• Yizhong Liu,
• Chukwuazam A. Nwasike,
• Sebastian R. Freeman,
• Brian C. DiPaolo,
• Bernardo Cordovez and
• Amber L. Doiron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1228–1238, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.114

• the attraction between the nanoparticle and waveguide. Researchers attributed the increased diffusion of PEGylated particles towards the waveguide to the slight reduction in particle surface charge (zeta potential) after PEGylation [24]. This study provided evidence that the nanophotonic force

Electrostatic force spectroscopy revealing the degree of reduction of individual graphene oxide sheets

• Yue Shen,
• Ying Wang,
• Yuan Zhou,
• Chunxi Hai,
• Jun Hu and
• Yi Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1146–1155, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.106

• substrate. The apparent height (polarization height) of nanomaterials in SPFM images are an indication of the local dielectric constant difference between the sample and substrate [20][37]. However, when a DC bias is applied, a local net charge (or the surface charge for nanomaterials) would affect the

Engineering of oriented carbon nanotubes in composite materials

• Razieh Beigmoradi,
• Abdolreza Samimi and
• Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 415–435, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.41

• spectroscopy: The XPS technique does not explore the whole sample volume but rather provides information about the chemical composition of the CNT surface [144][145]. XPS suffers from surface charge artifacts, so correct sample preparation is crucial to achieve a flat and uncontaminated surface. Despite the

The nanofluidic confinement apparatus: studying confinement-dependent nanoparticle behavior and diffusion

• Stefan Fringes,
• Felix Holzner and
• Armin W. Knoll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 301–310, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.30

• diffusion. We note, however, that the same effect could be induced by a charge modulation of the surface potential (or correspondingly the surface charge) by ≈5%. To further investigate the origin of the obstacles we analyzed the time-averaged lateral particle distribution and its correlation to the

• , because pronounced subdiffusion is only observed for gap distances of d < 120 nm. In bulk, the electroviscous effect is attributed to the surface charge of the particles and leads to an increased effective viscosity and thus to a reduction in particle diffusion [37]. A similar mechanism should also play a

CdSe nanorod/TiO₂ nanoparticle heterojunctions with enhanced solar- and visible-light photocatalytic activity

• Fakher Laatar,
• Hatem Moussa,
• Halima Alem,
• Lavinia Balan,
• Emilien Girot,
• Ghouti Medjahdi,
• Hatem Ezzaouia and
• Raphaël Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2741–2752, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.273

• produced. Influence of the pH of the rhodamine B solution The pH of the aqueous solution may play a crucial role on the kinetic of the photodegradation since it influences the surface charge of the catalyst and the structure of the dye in solution. Figure 8 shows that the CdSe (2 wt %)/TiO2 photocatalyst

Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting performance using morphology-controlled BiVO₄ with W doping

• Xin Zhao and
• Zhong Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2640–2647, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.264

• the surface charge injection (inset in Figure 6b) [25]. In the equivalent circuit, Rs represents the sum of resistance values of the FTO film, the external electrical contacts, and the liquid electrolyte; Rct and Cbulk represent, respectively, the direct charge transfer resistance, and a capacitance

• more surface depletion layers, which leads to a higher capacitance. The surface charge transfer resistance of the sample 0-water is about 3783 Ω, while the one of sample 1-EG is smaller at around 2629 Ω. The smaller charge transfer resistance leads to a higher interfacial charge injection efficiency

• for water oxidation as shown in Figure 5c. It was reported that a porous film with a larger surface area has led to a lower interfacial charge transfer efficiency for water oxidation than its dense counterpart [12]. The current work indicates an opposite trend in that the surface charge injection was

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• transferred to various solid substrates [100]. In a similar study, the exchange of citrate ligands by thioglycolic acid (Figure 2) allowed the authors to reduce the surface charge density, manipulate Coulomb repulsion between the particles, and initiate agglomeration in solution. Appropriate particle charges

Refractive index sensing and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using silver–gold layered bimetallic plasmonic crystals

• Somi Kang,
• Sean E. Lehman,
• Matthew V. Schulmerich,
• An-Phong Le,
• Tae-woo Lee,
• Stephen K. Gray,
• Rohit Bhargava and
• Ralph G. Nuzzo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2492–2503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.249

• interparticle interactions mediated via operando sensitive attributes of surface charge. This intrinsically makes plasmonic crystals more attractive for sensing applications as the need to modify the surface chemistry/charge figures heavily in design of capacities to support the recognition of specific solution

Adsorption of iron tetraphenylporphyrin on (111) surfaces of coinage metals: a density functional theory study

• Hao Tang,
• Nathalie Tarrat,
• Véronique Langlais and
• Yongfeng Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2484–2491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.248

• direct coordination between the Fe and the Au atom, the transfer is slightly larger with 0.29e. The variation of partial charge on Fe (ΔqFe) is a loss of about 0.04e (0.06e for HS on top site). The sign of this variation is the same as the molecule–surface charge transfer. As shown in [16], the Fe centre

Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages

• Dimitri Vanhecke,
• Dagmar A. Kuhn,
• Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi,
• Sandor Balog,
• Ana Milosevic,
• Dominic Urban,
• Diana Peckys,
• Niels de Jonge,
• Wolfgang J. Parak,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.239

• cells such as cell type [10][11], surface charge [12][13] and NP size [14][15]. Clathrin- and caveolin-mediated endocytosis are the main uptake mechanisms for PEGylated AuNPs (15 nm) into A549 cells, whereas non PEGylated, citrate-stabilized AuNPs were mainly taken up by micropinocytosis [16

Substrate and Mg doping effects in GaAs nanowires

• Perumal Kannappan,
• Nabiha Ben Sedrine,
• Jennifer P. Teixeira,
• Maria R. Soares,
• Bruno P. Falcão,
• Maria R. Correia,
• Nestor Cifuentes,
• Emilson R. Viana,
• Marcus V. B. Moreira,
• Geraldo M. Ribeiro,
• Alfredo G. de Oliveira,
• Juan C. González and
• Joaquim P. Leitão

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2126–2138, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.212

• surface charge traps that induce a pinning of the Fermi level at the surface, especially for diameters below 100 nm [68]. However, if we compare the diameter of the three studied nanowires #1, #2 and #3, which were 190, 187 and 179 nm, respectively, the effect of surface scattering should be similar

A comparative study of the nanoscale and macroscale tribological attributes of alumina and stainless steel surfaces immersed in aqueous suspensions of positively or negatively charged nanodiamonds

• Colin K. Curtis,
• Antonin Marek,
• Alex I. Smirnov and
• Jacqueline Krim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2045–2059, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.205

• the friction coefficient. For example, if a sample was immersed in a ND suspension with an opposite surface charge to its first exposure, µk would shift up or down depending on the sign of the ND charge in the second exposure. The observations suggest that −ND have a strong affinity for the surfaces

• , summarized in Table 1, exhibit a decrease in frequency after the exposure to the suspensions regardless of the ND surface charge sign. While some of the downward shifts in frequency may be attributable to a variation in the uptake of particulate and physisorbed species from air, the net mass increase is

• experimental shifts are attributable to the surface roughness of the electrodes. Changes in f and R for the samples exposed to ND suspensions were found to be dependent on the ND surface charge. Both the alumina and SS304 samples exhibit a slow, yet a small increase in f upon an exposure to +ND suspension

Advances and challenges in the field of plasma polymer nanoparticles

• Andrei Choukourov,
• Pavel Pleskunov,
• Daniil Nikitin,
• Valerii Titov,
• Artem Shelemin,
• Mykhailo Vaidulych,
• Anna Kuzminova,
• Pavel Solař,
• Jan Hanuš,
• Jaroslav Kousal,
• Ondřej Kylián,
• Danka Slavínská and
• Hynek Biederman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2002–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.200

• sources in the production of plasma polymer NPs opens new horizons in precise tuning of their size, shape, chemical composition, surface charge and wettability. There are great potential benefits for the use of plasma polymer NPs in photonics, nanomedicine and other applications, but also significant