Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• adhesion. Selectins bind to carbohydrates based on calcium-dependent regulation, cadherins form mostly homotypic contacts also in a calcium-regulated manner, while the IgSF subfamily of nectins is able to form both homotypic and heterotypic interactions [10]. Comprehensive overviews of molecular structure

• formation in the nervous system [9]. The structural integrity of cadherin molecules is stabilized by calcium ions, and their essential role in proper adhesion contacts is reflected in the abbreviated protein family name “calcium-dependent adherent proteins” [14]. The N-terminal domain of cadherin dimers on

• one cell is responsible for mediating homotypic binding contacts with their homologues on an adjacent cell in an antiparallel manner. This region also defines binding specificity [15]. Some cadherin receptors are also able to bind to different cadherins. Classic cadherin function is involved in key

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• previously described by our group elsewhere [24]. The dimensions of the sensing region (100 μm × 100 μm) were defined by O2 plasma etching. The source and drain electrodes were fabricated by electron-beam evaporation of 2 nm/100 nm of Ti/Au, and we covered the metal contacts with a 10 μm thick passivation

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

• Chun-Da Liao,
• Andrea Capasso,
• Tiago Queirós,
• Telma Domingues,
• Fatima Cerqueira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Jérôme Borme,
• Paulo Freitas and
• Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

• : C4 PMMA; Wafer 2: B2 PMMA). Both wafers started with the patterning of Cr/Au contacts (deposited by magnetron sputtering) using direct-write laser lithography and ion milling. The fabrication of the two wafers followed slightly different steps, as described below. Wafer 1: A stopping layer (Al2O3

Design and selection of peptides to block the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain by molecular docking

• Kendra Ramirez-Acosta,
• Ivan A. Rosales-Fuerte,
• J. Eduardo Perez-Sanchez,
• Alfredo Nuñez-Rivera,
• Josue Juarez and
• Ruben D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 699–711, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.62

• of RBD–ligand by PRODIGY The protein binding energy prediction (PRODIGY) web server is an effective predictive model based on intermolecular contacts in protein–protein complexes based on their 3D structure [39]. This tool predicts the binding free energy between protein complexes with great accuracy

Alcohol-perturbed self-assembly of the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein

• Ismael Abu-Baker and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 355–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.30

• that the hydrophobic alcohol molecules interact favourably with the hydrophobic regions on the faces of TMV-cp disks, thereby preventing the protein–protein contacts necessary for helical-rod formation and stabilizing the disk structure. Disks stack mainly through a solvent network, rather than direct

Controllable two- and three-state magnetization switching in single-layer epitaxial Pd_1−xFe_x films and an epitaxial Pd_0.92Fe_0.08/Ag/Pd_0.96Fe_0.04 heterostructure

• Igor V. Yanilkin,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Gulnaz F. Gizzatullina,
• Roman V. Yusupov and
• Lenar R. Tagirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 334–343, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.28

• ⟨100⟩ direction of the Pd0.92Fe0.08 film (sample S00), in the second sample at an angle of 25° with respect to the ⟨100⟩ direction (sample S25). The current contacts were ultrasonically welded at several locations in a line across the width of the sample to ensure a uniform current distribution

The effect of metal surface nanomorphology on the output performance of a TENG

• Yiru Wang,
• Xin Zhao,
• Yang Liu and
• Wenjun Zhou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 298–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.25

• positive, and that on PTFE is negative (Figure 3a). A separation is caused by the removal of the external force, and electrons flow from the PTFE electrode to the Cu electrode (Figure 3b). Then, charge exchange is carried out at the contacts. Electrical equilibrium is formed when the Cu and the PTFE are

Investigation of a memory effect in a Au/(Ti–Cu)Ox-gradient thin film/TiAlV structure

• Damian Wojcieszak,
• Jarosław Domaradzki,
• Michał Mazur,
• Tomasz Kotwica and
• Danuta Kaczmarek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 265–273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.21

• resistive switching behavior. Results of optical, X-ray, and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurements allowed us to elaborate the scheme of the bandgap alignment of the prepared thin films with respect to the Au and TiAlV electrical contacts. Detailed structure and elemental profile

• thermoelectrical voltage. The Seebeck coefficient measurements were made in the range from 25 to 125 °C. The thermoelectrical voltage as a function of the temperature difference measured between two opposite electrical contacts is shown in Figure 1. The Seebeck coefficient (+82.14 μV) testified the p-type

• created on the border of Au or Ti6Al4V and the deposited (Ti–Cu)Ox thin film were electrical ohmic contacts, because the value of the work function of Au (ΦAu = 5.3 eV) or (ΦTi6Al4V = 4.3 eV) is greater than the value of the work function of the layer (Φ(Ti–Cu)Ox = 4.01 eV). This conclusion is supported

Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass

• Haoran Ma and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 236–244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.18

• surface dissolution at the interface of the two layers. The findings contribute to the understanding of mechanical contacts with metallic glasses under corrosive conditions by exploring the interrelation of microscopic corrosion mechanisms and nanoscale friction. Keywords: atomic force microscopy (AFM

• surface, and the competition between diffusion of hydrates into solution and their precipitation into a growing outer layer. Understanding the mechanisms of nanoscale friction on metallic glasses is a basis for applications involving mechanical contacts under corrosive conditions. Also, nanotribology

Measurement of polarization effects in dual-phase ceria-based oxygen permeation membranes using Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Kerstin Neuhaus,
• Christina Schmidt,
• Liudmila Fischer,
• Wilhelm Albert Meulenberg,
• Ke Ran,
• Joachim Mayer and
• Stefan Baumann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1380–1391, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.102

• small contacts are needed, where the electron and ion conducting phase can be addressed separately, making AFM-based electrochemical measurements predestined for detailed analyses of the constituents of composite materials. Theoretical Background Kelvin probe force microscopy The presented measurements

• electron conductor should lead to a very fast relaxation after a polarization, at least for measurements with macroscopic contacts. Fe and Co are both redox-active cations, though, and can be reduced or oxidized under relatively mild conditions. Therefore, it is possible, that applied potentials above a

• samples was around 50 nm. Electrical conductivity measurements The electrical conductivity was determined in a DC measurement where the sample was put between two Pt contacts, one made of a Pt wire with a contact diameter of 700 µm and one made of a Pt sheet with additional Pt resinate paste (RP 070107

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

• were composed of many well aligned nanorods. The variations in potential barrier height at the contacts of the nanorods gave excellent gas sensing results towards hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The sensitivity response of the ZnO dendrite sensor at room temperature and the variation in sensitivity at

Open-loop amplitude-modulation Kelvin probe force microscopy operated in single-pass PeakForce tapping mode

• Gheorghe Stan and
• Pradeep Namboodiri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1115–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.83

• (PFT) mode. The topographical and electrical components were combined in a single pass by applying the electrical modulation only in between the PFT tip–sample contacts, when the AFM probe separates from the sample. In this way, any contact and tunneling discharges are avoided and, yet, the location of

• ) highlights the deflection of the cantilever to the bias excitation and shows no perturbation of the PFT motion due to intertwining with the bias modulation. Because the bias voltage is applied only during the out-of-contact intervals, any electrical discharge at the contacts between the conductive tip and

• AM-KPFM operated on top of the PFT mode. The bias modulation (blue signal to the right axis) was applied only in between the PFT contacts (raw signal in gray and filtered signal in red to the left axis). The piezo motion (dashed curve) of the PFT was in the form of a sinusoidal oscillation of 50 nm

Criteria ruling particle agglomeration

• Dieter Vollath

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1093–1100, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.81

• Waals interaction, the approach given by Luo et al. [12] was applied. Since there is nothing known about the local arrangement and interaction of the particles within an agglomerate, only one interaction per particle was assumed. This is the smallest possible number of contacts. For comparison, the

A Au/CuNiCoS₄/p-Si photodiode: electrical and morphological characterization

• Adem Koçyiğit,
• Adem Sarılmaz,
• Teoman Öztürk,
• Faruk Ozel and
• Murat Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 984–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.74

• thermal annealing at 400 °C for 2 min in N2 atmosphere. Top contacts were prepared on the film by evaporating gold with a thickness of 150 nm at 5 × 10−6 Torr through a metal shadow mask (Au, 99.99% from Kurt J. Lesker). High-purity Al and Au metal contacts were thermally evaporated from a tungsten filament

Molecular assemblies on surfaces: towards physical and electronic decoupling of organic molecules

• Sabine Maier and
• Meike Stöhr

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 950–956, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.71

• tip of a scanning probe microscope and mechanically lifted from the metallic surface such that they hang freely between metal contacts. This manipulation technique allows for measuring, amongst others, the electronic conductance, magnetic properties, reversible switching, and electroluminescence of

In situ transport characterization of magnetic states in Nb/Co superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures

• Olena M. Kapran,
• Roman Morari,
• Taras Golod,
• Evgenii A. Borodianskyi,
• Vladimir Boian,
• Andrei Prepelita,
• Nikolay Klenov,
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 913–923, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.68

• were used for the calibration of the etching rates of the films. MLs are patterned into micrometer-scale bridges with multiple contacts using photolithography and reactive ion etching. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of one of the studied samples is shown in Figure 1a. Control of the

• ) devices controllable and highly reversible operation can be achieved at fields between one of the P states down to the AP state without entering into the realm of the opposite P state. (a) SEM image of a micropatterned Nb/Co multilayer. The sample contains twelve contacts, six horizontal and one vertical

Modification of a SERS-active Ag surface to promote adsorption of charged analytes: effect of Cu²⁺ ions

• Bahdan V. Ranishenka,
• Andrei Yu. Panarin,
• Irina A. Chelnokova,
• Sergei N. Terekhov,
• Peter Mojzes and
• Vadim V. Shmanai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 902–912, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.67

• corresponds to the highest reported values for this method [10][12][32]. Moreover, the SEM image demonstrates many interparticle contacts, which are potential “hot spots” in SERS analysis. Electrostatic effect on SERS signal for thiol-modified Ag NPs Despite the high NP packing density, about 42% of the

9.1% efficient zinc oxide/silicon solar cells on a 50 μm thick Si absorber

• Rafal Pietruszka,
• Bartlomiej S. Witkowski,
• Monika Ozga,
• Katarzyna Gwozdz,
• Ewa Placzek-Popko and
• Marek Godlewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 766–774, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.60

• hole of 0.1 cm in diameter was placed on the samples. Then, Al was deposited on top via sputtering. The simple point contact was used on top of the structure. To improve the light collection from full-size ZnO/Si SCs, grid-like contacts should be used. The resulting solar cell structures are shown in

Recent progress in magnetic applications for micro- and nanorobots

• Ke Xu,
• Shuang Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 744–755, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.58

• advantages of electromagnetic drives as a power source are no heat, no electrical contacts, good controllability, and high durability. Through the coupling of magnetic and electric fields, motion control of the MNR could be realized. When studying the combination of magnetic and electrical systems of MNRs

Physical constraints lead to parallel evolution of micro- and nanostructures of animal adhesive pads: a review

• Thies H. Büscher and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 725–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.57

• , hairy systems increase the attachment strength by increasing the hair density and, consequently, increasing the amount of single contacts. This trend, however, differs for multiple reasons among different lineages in which hairy adhesive pads evolved in a convergent manner [250]. The small effective

• from Springer Nature from “Biological fibrillar adhesives: functional principles and biomimetic applications. In: Handbook of Adhesion Technology” by S. N. Gorb, Copyright 2011 Springer Nature. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0). (C) Dependence of the contact density of terminal contacts on the

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

• Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

• irradiating just one side of a portion of WSe2 bridging two metal contacts to create semiconducting (pristine) and insulating (irradiated) halves contacted by the source and drain electrodes (Figure 2b). Direct-write of further logic circuits into single flakes of WSe2 and WS2 has also been demonstrated [26

A stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator made of silver-coated glass microspheres for human motion energy harvesting and self-powered sensing applications

• Hui Li,
• Yaju Zhang,
• Yonghui Wu,
• Hui Zhao,
• Weichao Wang,
• Xu He and
• Haiwu Zheng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 402–412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.32

• state (Figure 2a-I), the frictional layer and the S-TENG are in balance without potential difference. When the frictional layer contacts the silicone rubber (Figure 2a-II), the positive charges in the frictional layer are equal to the negative charges in the silicone rubber. Once the surfaces of

Nickel nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide/WO₃ nanocomposite – a promising candidate for gas sensing

• Ilka Simon,
• Alexandr Savitsky,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Vladimir Pankov and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 343–353, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.28

• composite create a hierarchical nanostructure and facilitate the diffusion of NO2 molecules, increasing the contacts and enhancing the chemisorption of the gas. rGO has large specific area and more active sites. Gas sensors of n-type semiconductors based on oxides exhibit resistance changes induced by

Mapping of integrated PIN diodes with a 3D architecture by scanning microwave impedance microscopy and dynamic spectroscopy

• Rosine Coq Germanicus,
• Peter De Wolf,
• Florent Lallemand,
• Catherine Bunel,
• Serge Bardy,
• Hugues Murray and
• Ulrike Lüders

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1764–1775, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.159

• ) have a slightly different polishing rate, which results in the observed topography. In the AFM topography image, one can localize the two deep trench isolation structures in the silicon wafer, as well as the anode and cathode contacts. It is important to note that a low roughness is required for a

• vertical PIN diode with the associated metallic contacts of the anode. Although the sMIM-R signal shows a low signal-to-noise ratio, it is still possible to differentiate metallic materials from semiconductor layers. Also, the conductivity continuity between the metallic contact and the p+ anode can be

• that the depth profile has a good signal-to-noise ratio for the sMIM-C signal for each layer. This first analysis demonstrates the capability of the sMIM methodology to distinguish, localize, and determine both p-type and n-type semiconductors as well as lightly doped layers, metallic contacts, and

Seebeck coefficient of silicon nanowire forests doped by thermal diffusion

• Shaimaa Elyamny,
• Elisabetta Dimaggio and
• Giovanni Pennelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1707–1713, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.153

• , energy storage (supercapacitors), and, in particular, thermoelectric applications [15][16][17]. There are two main requirements to the fabrication of a leg for a thermoelectric generator that is based on a large number of silicon nanowires perpendicular to a substrate: 1) Electrical contacts need to

• the contacts ℜCA = (1.8 ± 0.6) × 10−5 m2·K/W. It has been assumed that the contact thermal resistance ℜCA was the same for all the samples, since it depends on the mechanical pressure, which has been set to 20 MPa during all measurements. The thermal resistance of the contacts ℜCA is fundamental for