Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

Efficiency of electron cooling in cold-electron bolometers with traps

• Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
• Vladimir A. Frost,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 896–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.80

• , Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Sweden Institute for Physics of Microstructures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-105, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia 10.3762/bjnano.13.80 Abstract Electron on-chip cooling from the base temperature of 300 mK is very important for highly sensitive detectors operating in space

• due to problems of dilution fridges at low gravity. Electron cooling is also important for ground-based telescopes equipped with 3He cryostats being able to function at any operating angle. This work is aimed at the investigation of electron cooling in the low-temperature range. New samples of cold

• -electron bolometers with traps and hybrid superconducting/ferromagnetic absorbers have shown a temperature reduction of the electrons in the refrigerator junctions from 300 to 82 mK, from 200 to 33 mK, and from 100 to 25 mK in the idle regime without optical power load. The electron temperature was

Solar-light-driven LaFe_xNi_1−xO₃ perovskite oxides for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to degrade organic pollutants

• Chao-Wei Huang,
• Shu-Yu Hsu,
• Jun-Han Lin,
• Yun Jhou,
• Wei-Yu Chen,
• Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,
• Yu-Tang Lin and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 882–895, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.79

• crystallinity caused less recombination of electron-and-hole pairs, and subsequent reactions might occur more effectively [44]. On the other hand, The unit cell parameters and cell volume were also estimated from the XRD patterns and summarized in Supporting Information File 1, Table S2. Since the peaks of

• based on the model of hexagonal LaNiO3. As a result, the lattice constant and cell volume were slightly expanded. It was interesting to note that LaFe0.7Ni0.3O3 revealed a relatively larger expansion, which had a higher cell volume, suggesting a better separation of photo-induced electron and hole pairs

• scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images at the magnification of 100,000×, the surface of the samples with different Fe/Ni ratios were irregular and slightly different from each other. The grain surfaces of the pure LaNiO3 and LaFeO3 were chestnut-like. The observed appearance was also similar to the

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• previously described by our group elsewhere [24]. The dimensions of the sensing region (100 μm × 100 μm) were defined by O2 plasma etching. The source and drain electrodes were fabricated by electron-beam evaporation of 2 nm/100 nm of Ti/Au, and we covered the metal contacts with a 10 μm thick passivation

• support this electron transfer from pyrene-modified molecules to graphene as the binding mechanism in π–π interactions between such compounds [35][36][37]. The association of pyrene-modified ZIKV60 aptamers with graphene may also be mediated by charge transfer that assists the interaction between the

• pyrene moiety of ZIKV60 and the π orbitals of graphene [38][39]. Consequently, the electron transfer to graphene after functionalization reveals a factual immobilization of ZIKV60 aptamers on its surface. Similar results were obtained for four additional graphene devices. See Figure S4 (Supporting

Numerical modeling of a multi-frequency receiving system based on an array of dipole antennas for LSPE-SWIPE

• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
• Ekaterina A. Matrozova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 865–872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.77

• Large Scale Polarization Explorer-Short-Wavelength Instrument for the Polarization Explorer (LSPE-SWIPE) back-to-back horn. These results are used for calculating the frequency response of arrays of planar dipole antennas with cold-electron bolometers for 145, 210, and 240 GHz frequencies. For the main

• frequency channel (i.e., 145 GHz) we have a 45 GHz bandwidth. For the auxiliary frequency channels (i.e., 210 and 240 GHz) placed on the same substrate, we have bandwidths of 26 and 38 GHz, respectively. We performed some optimizations for cold-electron bolometers to achieve a photon noise-equivalent power

• of 1.1 × 10−16 W/Hz1/2. This was achieved by replacing one of two superconductor–insulator–normal tunnel junctions with a superconductor–normal metal contact. Keywords: cosmic microwave background (CMB); cold-electron bolometer; dichroic antenna; dipole antenna; LSPE-SWIPE; waveguide horn

Self-assembly of C₆₀ on a ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate: observation of a quasi-freestanding C₆₀ monolayer

• Guglielmo Albani,
• Michele Capra,
• Alessandro Lodesani,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Franco Ciccacci,
• Alberto Brambilla,
• Lamberto Duò and
• Andrea Picone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.76

• acquired at normal emission with a 150 mm hemispherical electron analyzer from SPECS GmbH. The probing depth of UPS is a few angstroms [49]. A He lamp has been employed as a source of non-monochromatized unpolarized UV photons. The He-I line, with a photon energy of 21.2 eV, has been used to excite the

• sample. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) energy resolution of the UPS experiment is 0.05 eV. Results and Discussion Figure 1a and Figure 1b report the structural characterization of the ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O sample in the reciprocal and in direct space, respectively. The low-energy electron

• electronic gap equal to 3.75 eV. Finally, work function measurements have been performed to evaluate the charge transfer between the different layers constituting the heterostructure. Generally, electron transfer from the substrate (overlayer) to the overlayer (substrate) induces an increase (decrease) of

Micro-structures, nanomechanical properties and flight performance of three beetles with different folding ratios

• Jiyu Sun,
• Pengpeng Li,
• Yongwei Yan,
• Fa Song,
• Nuo Xu and
• Zhijun Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 845–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.75

• pasted flat on a slide for observation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Model EVO-18, Carl Zeiss Microimaging Inc., Germany) was used to obtain morphological images of cross sections of the hind wings of three beetles at the same locations of different wing veins. Nanoindentation properties The

• and the nanomechanical properties of the hind wings of the three beetles and the cross-sectional morphology of different wing veins were observed and tested with super depth-of-field microscopy, nanoindentation, and scanning electron microscopy. Thus, the folding ratios, reduced Young’s modulus, and

Ultrafast signatures of magnetic inhomogeneity in Pd_1−xFe_x (x ≤ 0.08) epitaxial thin films

• Andrey V. Petrov,
• Sergey I. Nikitin,
• Lenar R. Tagirov,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Igor V. Yanilkin and
• Roman V. Yusupov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 836–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.74

• with large (tens of nanometer) layer thicknesses [40][44][45]. It is our hypothesis that itinerant electron spin diffusion could bring the PM areas into equilibrium with the FM environment and is an origin of the 10 ps transient. Indeed, the diffusion velocity across the length of ≈1 nm on a time scale

• of order-of-magnitude estimation we define the spin-diffusion velocity vs as from which Modern band-structure calculations [48][49] show that more than 95% of the electron density of states at the Fermi energy comes from the itinerant 4d electrons. The Fermi velocity of 3d electrons in iron-group

• ferromagnetic metals was a subject of interest in magnetic nanostructures [50][51][52] and had a value of about 3 × 105 m/s. Being stronger localized in the narrower 4d bands [44], the itinerant 4d electrons must have a lower velocity, say 105 m/s. Then, with the transport time τ ≈ 10−14 s and the electron-spin

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

• Yujin Han,
• Pierre-Marie Thebault,
• Corentin Audes,
• Xuelin Wang,
• Haiwoong Park,
• Jian-Zhong Jiang and
• Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

• tip and liquid. Assuming a conical shape for an AFM tip, the perimeter P(δ) and the contact area A(δ) can be expressed as P(δ) = 2πδ·tan θ and where θ is the half-opening angle of the tip, which we determined by scanning electron microscopy. We determined the interfacial energy γ between tip and

• have been characterized by TEM and XPS [25]. The authors reported on the effect of electron beam exposition time on the growth of a ZnGa2O4 layer. After 35 min irradiation, the oxide layer had grown from 2 nm to less than 5 nm. Besides this moderate growth, the authors observed the partial

• crystallization of the oxide layer during electron beam exposition. We measured the temperature dependence of the interfacial energy between Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid and AFM tips by dipping the AFM tips inside a Ga–In–Sn liquid drop. The penetration depth of the tips was in the order of several hundreds of

Hierachical epicuticular wax coverage on leaves of Deschampsia antarctica as a possible adaptation to severe environmental conditions

• Elena V. Gorb,
• Iryna A. Kozeretska and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 807–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.71

• /bjnano.13.71 Abstract Using cryo scanning electron microscopy, the surface micromorphology of vegetative (leaf blade and ligule) and generative (pedicel and outer glume) organs in Deschampsia antarctica, one of the only two flowering plants native to Antarctica, was examined. Whereas the pedicel and

• . antarctica plant, which are usually exposed to the environment, using cryo scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) allowing for a high-resolution imaging of frozen and fractured samples in native condition, that is, without treatment in strong solvents, such as ethanol or acetone, usually needed in the

• sample preparation for conventional scanning electron microscopy. This method provided qualitatively new information about the superficial layers on vegetative organs studied in this plant species. Based on the obtained results and literature data, we discuss a possible role of the complex, hierarchical

Efficient liquid exfoliation of KP₁₅ nanowires aided by Hansen's empirical theory

• Zhaoxuan Huang,
• Zhikang Jiang,
• Nan Tian,
• Disheng Yao,
• Fei Long,
• Yanhan Yang and
• Danmin Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 788–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.69

• nanoparticles as anode materials to promote the rapid diffusion and electron transfer of lithium, and Rongjun Zhao prepared n-butanol gas sensors with one-dimensional In2O3 nanorods [1][2]. Different from 2D materials, 1D materials generally have a chain-like crystal structure and are easily exfoliated due to a

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

• Lingling Xia,
• Qinyue Wang and
• Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

• to form monocrystalline coordination polymers embedding a fast electron transfer route [110]. The mixed ion-electron of Prussian blue crystals could be significantly enhanced under low temperature (i.e., −20 °C), which is important for the use of batteries in cold regions. To encapsulate conductive

• challenges to be tackled in the future. First, the detailed structures of the networks@crystal are difficult to investigate. The atomic structures of the composites are easily lost during observation because the coordination polymers are not stable under electron irradiation. Moreover, when the composites

• are within the length range from 1 to 10 μm, the whole structure of the composites cannot be imaged well by electron microscopy or X-ray based imaging techniques. Second, time-resolved structural changes of the nanoarchitectonics are hard to be observed because of the complex processing environment

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• visible light together with an accelerated separation and transfer of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs of the nanocomposites, which resulted in increased effective amounts of photogenerated carriers for the photocatalytic reactions. It was demonstrated that the photoinduced electrons dominated the

• ][8]. However, the wide bandgap of TiO2 inhibits the absorption of light in the visible region and the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron−hole pairs restrains its photocatalytic activity. It has been verified that constructing TiO2-based heterostructured composites by using visible-light

• − units [22]. The hybridized O 2p and Bi 6s orbitals in the conduction band of the material contribute to the effective transfer of photoinduced electron−hole pairs, resulting in good photocatalytic properties under visible-light irradiation [23][24]. However, there is still room for improvement of the

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• , enhanced electron transport facility, excellent mechanical, thermal, and electrical stability [11][25][26][27]. The electronic structure and surface physicochemistry of graphene are beneficial for electron transfer. Several graphene-based nanocomposites based on complex synthesis processes are reported as

• phase of GO and RGO was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a X’pertpro MPD XRD (PAN analytical B.V., the Netherlands) with Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the modified electrode was conducted on a JEOLEVO® 18 special edition (model: ZEISS EVO-MA 10) at

• an acceleration voltage of 15 kV. The morphological characteristics of the electrodeposited ERGO were obtained by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, model: LEO 430i, Carl Zeiss) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (model: Tecnai G2 30ST, FEI) operating at 300 kV

Modeling a multiple-chain emeraldine gas sensor for NH₃ and NO₂ detection

• Hana Sustkova and
• Jan Voves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 721–729, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.64

• I–V characteristics. As already written in [12], calculation of the electron density is based on the occupied eigenstates of the Kohn–Sham Hamiltonian, with the Ansatz of a Fermi–Dirac distribution. QuantumATK divides this density into contributions from “left” and from “right”, while the model is

• right side is calculated accordingly. In the equation, f is the Fermi–Dirac function for the electron distribution in the left or right electrode and depends on the electron temperature TL; ρ(ε) stands for the spectral density matrix, defined by the broadening function Γ and the retarded Green’s

• the whole system [16]. The central region is ruled by the non-equilibrium electron distribution. Using the retarded Green’s and broadening function for the electrodes, the transmission spectrum is modeled as [16]: Results and Discussion Emeraldine salt molecules were modeled for one chain and for

Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O₂ batteries

• Hien Thi Thu Pham,
• Jonghyeok Yun,
• So Yeun Kim,
• Sang A Han,
• Jung Ho Kim,
• Jong-Won Lee and
• Min-Sik Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 689–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.61

• , and Zn1Co4 particles grown on CNT frameworks, respectively. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) observations confirmed that abundant rhombic dodecahedral ZnxCoy particles with different Zn/Co ratios were successfully integrated into the CNTs. Corresponding energy-dispersive X-ray

• /CNT (1.13) and Zn4Co1–C/CNT (1.23) composites. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations with corresponding fast Fourier transform (FFT) patterns confirm the different crystallinity of ZnxCoy–C particles, depending on the concentration of Co during the synthesis. After the carbonization, the

• atmosphere, the ZnxCoy–C/CNT composite was obtained and further chemically etched with 1 M of H2SO4 solution before use. Material characterization Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (JEOL, JSM-7000F) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM, JEOL, JEM-2100F) with EDS were used to examine the morphologies and

Experimental and theoretical study of field-dependent spin splitting at ferromagnetic insulator–superconductor interfaces

• Peter Machon,
• Michael J. Wolf,
• Detlef Beckmann and
• Wolfgang Belzig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 682–688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.60

• is the Boltzmann constant, and Tc is the critical temperature of the bulk superconductor. Using the conductivity the density of states at the Fermi energy of the free electron gas, and for the number of channels per area, we can simplify this to where vF is the Fermi velocity. With the definition

• of the ferromagnetic insulator europium sulfide. Figure 4 shows a false-color scanning electron microscopy image of the sample, together with the experimental scheme. The sample was fabricated in a two-step procedure: First, a EuS film of 44 nm thickness was created by e-beam evaporation of EuS onto

• values of ε’ = [100,0.1]. Density of states in a superconductor in proximity to a ferromagnetic insulator indicated by the spin mixing angle δφ, with (from (a) to (d)) ε’ = 100,10,1,0.1, while the superconducting order parameter is evaluated self-consistently (T ≪ Tc). False-color scanning electron

Reliable fabrication of transparent conducting films by cascade centrifugation and Langmuir–Blodgett deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene

• Teodora Vićentić,
• Stevan Andrić,
• Vladimir Rajić and
• Marko Spasenović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 666–674, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.58

• 10× (Olympus BX53M). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed with a FESEM (FEI Scios 2, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) at a chamber pressure of 1 × 10−4 Pa with electron beam voltages set between 1 and 30 kV, depending on the film. Films that are shown in optical dark-field

• . Scanning electron micrographs of films produced from the (a) initial graphene dispersion and from films produced after centrifugation at (b) 3 krpm (824g), (c) 4 krpm (1465g), and (d) 5 krpm (2289g). UV–vis spectra of deposited graphene films at different centrifugation rates, redispersed in specified

Antibacterial activity of a berberine nanoformulation

• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Tuyet Nhung Pham,
• Anh-Tuan Le,
• Nguyen Thanh Thuy,
• Tran Quang Huy and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 641–652, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.56

• compared with that of pure BBR at the same concentration. The minimum bactericidal concentration of BBR NPs against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7 was found to be 2.0 and 5.0 mg/mL, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy showed that BBR NPs surrounded the

• sectioning to observe their ultrastructure under the transmission electron microscope. Figure 7c shows a cross-sectional image of MRSA cells under the impact of BBR NPs. The image shows that BBR NPs surround the bacterial wall and adhere to it. At the binding sites, the outer layer of the bacterial wall

• solution were determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, NEXUS 670 from Nicolet). The FTIR analysis was conducted in transmission mode in the wavenumber range of 400 to 4000 cm−1. Size and shape of BBR NPs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, S-4800, Hitachi) and

Sodium doping in brookite TiO₂ enhances its photocatalytic activity

• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Honglei Zhang and
• Zeqian Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 599–609, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.52

• atomic pair distribution function based on electron diffraction. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy results revealed the existence of a core–shell structure, lattice distortion, interstitial atoms, and atomic vacancies in NaxTi1−xO2, which is critical for an excellent photocatalytic

• understand the photocatalytic behavior of a given material. The bandgap values were determined from the diffuse reflectance spectra using the Tauc plot method [26]: where A in Equation 1 is a proportional constant, α is the absorption coefficient, and n depends on the type of electron transition. The bandgap

• Eg is the x-axis interception when linear fitting the absorption edge of the Tauc plot. As both the direct and the indirect electron transition in the brookite were reported, two transitions were considered in this work. Figure 2 shows the Tauc plot derived from the diffuse reflectance spectra of

A new method for obtaining the magnetic shape anisotropy directly from electron tomography images

• Cristian Radu,
• Ioana D. Vlaicu and
• Andrei C. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 590–598, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.51

• electron tomography techniques is reported in this work. The new methodology is implemented in an under-development software package called Magn3t, written in Python and C++. A novel image-filtering technique that reduces the highly undesired diffraction effects in the tomography tilt-series has been also

• developed in order to increase the reliability of the correlations between morphology and magnetism. Using the Magn3t software, the magnetic shape anisotropy magnitude and direction of magnetite nanoparticles has been extracted for the first time directly from transmission electron tomography. Keywords

• : electron tomography; magnetite; Python; shape anisotropy; Introduction For any nanoparticle (NP) system, among the most important pieces of physical information for scientists is information related to the morphology (size, shape, and organization) of its constituents. In nanoscale systems, this

Revealing local structural properties of an atomically thin MoSe₂ surface using optical microscopy

• Lin Pan,
• Peng Miao,
• Anke Horneber,
• Alfred J. Meixner,
• Pierre-Michel Adam and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 572–581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.49

• defect-induced band bending of the conduction band at K and Q states in few-layer MoS2 [9][10]. All in all, structural irregularities play a crucial role in the modification of the electron band structure in 2D-TMDCs, further ruling their optical and electronic properties. Therefore, the relationship

• arrow [36]. In the meantime, less electrons can be excited from the valence band to the conduction band of the MoSe2 flake (red arrow). Thus, radiative electron–hole pair recombination (wine-red arrow) is less strong than it is with radial polarization, giving rise to the lower photoluminescence

• contribute actively to electron–phonon coupling [36]. With a face-on orientation of the CuPc molecules at the MoSe2 monolayer, the delocalized π electrons of CuPc overlap efficiently with the electron cloud of the MoSe2 monolayer. As the HOMO of CuPc is close to the valence band of the MoSe2 monolayer as

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• excitation at 516 nm was chosen as the signal of the GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2. Characterization of GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2 To confirm the formation of GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was carried out (insets of Figure 2a–c). The TEM image in Figure 2a shows that pure GNPs were well dispersed with a

• were of analytical grade. TEM was carried out using a JEM-2100 transmission electron microscope (JEOL, Japan) at an accelerating voltage of 200 kV. UV–vis absorption spectra were obtained using a UV-2100 Spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Japan). Fluorescence spectra were recorded using an F-7000

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• min without pulsation, and 1 min pulsation (0.5 s pulse rate). All measurements were performed in pentaplicates, and data were expressed as mean and standard deviation. Morphology, size, and particle size distribution of the nanogels were studied using a Tecnai G2 Spirit Twin 12 transmission electron

Influence of thickness and morphology of MoS₂ on the performance of counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells

• Lam Thuy Thi Mai,
• Hai Viet Le,
• Ngan Kim Thi Nguyen,
• Van La Tran Pham,
• Thu Anh Thi Nguyen,
• Nguyen Thanh Le Huynh and
• Hoang Thai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 528–537, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.44

• is associated with the reduction of I3− at the cathode (CE/electrolyte), while the second one in the low-frequency region is attributed to electron transport in the TiO2 film in the back reaction at the TiO2/electrolyte interface (TiO2/dye/electrolyte). EIS data were fitted using an equivalent

• conductivity of the as-prepared MoS2 decreased in the order: MoS2-1.25 (75 mS·cm−1) > MoS2-2.5 (61 mS·cm−1) > MoS2-5.0 (46 mS·cm−1). This suggests that the thickness of the MoS2 film has a significant effect on the catalytic ability and photovoltaic performance of the CE in DSSCs. Additionally, the electron

• are presented in Table 2. The τ values for DSSCs fabricated with MoS2 CEs were higher than those of a DSSC using a Pt CE and increased in the order: DSSCs-MoS2-1.25 < DSSCs-MoS2-2.5 < DSSCs-MoS2-5.0. A longer electron lifetime indicates a slower recombination process within the DSSCs fabricated with