Molecular recognition
This special issue is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Carsten Schmuck, who passed away in 2019. Based on his long-term research interests in supramolecular chemistry and intermolecular interactions, the memorial issue will be focused on the topic of “molecular recognition”. This includes molecular recognition between synthetic molecules, molecular recognition of synthetic molecules by biological targets or even recognition processes between biological entities. From an application point of view, the issue will feature a broad spectrum of topics, including (but not limited to) topics like physical organic chemistry, self-assembly, host-guest chemistry, chemosensing, systems chemistry, supramolecular materials or biosupramolecular chemistry.
- Full Research Paper
- Published 12 Jun 2020
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Figure 1: Phthalimide derivatives 1–3 and the corresponding azomethine ylides 1AMY-3AMY.
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Scheme 1: Irradiation of 1 in the presence of acrylonitrile (AN).
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Figure 2: Dependence of the chemical shift of the H-atom at the cyclohexane 2 position in compound 2 on the β...
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Scheme 2: Complexation of 2 with β-CD, and formation of a ternary complex AN@2@β-CD.
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Scheme 3: Photochemistry of 2 in the presence of AN, with or without β-CD.
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Scheme 4: Photochemistry of 3 in the presence of AN, with or without β-CD.
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- Published 02 Jul 2020
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Scheme 1: a) Building blocks included in this study. b) Antiparallel and parallel constitutional isomers of t...
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Figure 1: HPLC–MS chromatograms of a reference library for all possible tripeptide dimers ([M + H]+ ions).
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Figure 2: a) HPLC–MS chromatograms of the dimers (CFC)2 and templates YY and FF. b) Amplification of the peak...
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Scheme 2: a) Synthesis of the parallel and antiparallel isomers p(CFC)2 and a(CFC)2. b) Templates FF. YY and ...
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Figure 3: ITC of YY (30 mM) to a(CFC)2 (1.5 mM) in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4, 100 mM).
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Figure 4: Continuously varied NMR measurements of a) p(CFC)2 to YY b) p(CFC)2 to FF c) a(CFC)2 to YY d) a(CFC)...
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Figure 5: Job plots derived from the continuously varied NMR measurements of a) p(CFC)2 to YY b) p(CFC)2 to FF...
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- Published 04 Aug 2020
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Figure 1: The biscarbazolylurea moiety.
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Figure 2: The structure of the solid-contact ion-selective electrode (sensor): a) glassy carbon as the electr...
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Figure 3: Studied receptor molecules.
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Figure 4: MC001 and MC003 lowest energy conformers (COSMO-RS) showing intramolecular bonds. Color coding: whi...
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Figure 5: a) Complex of MC008 with acetate; b) complex of MC006 with formate; c) complex of MC007 with lactat...
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Scheme 1: The synthetic pathway to receptors CZ016 and MC001–MC014. The reaction yield for 2–3a/3b is given a...
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Figure 6: Binding affinities of the studied receptors towards different carboxylates in DMSO-d6/H2O (99.5%:0....
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Figure 7: Impedance spectra of sensors with each of the membranes. The spectra were recorded in 0.1 M sodium ...
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Figure 8: Calibration curves for each of the membranes. The calibrations were performed by diluting 0.1 M sod...
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Figure 9: The influence of solution pH on the potential responses of the sensor prototypes (three sensors for...
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Figure 10: Potentiometric selectivity coefficients of interfering anions (relative to acetate) determined usin...
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- Published 14 Aug 2020
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Figure 1: Schematic representation of binding models between organic cations (simple ammonium, guanidinium, S...
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Figure 2: From Schmuck cations to cell-penetrating dipeptides, with schematic representation of the binding m...
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Figure 3: Peptide tweezers and cyclic peptides with Schmuck cations for gene transfection.
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Figure 4: Evolution from CPPs to CPDs and COCs.
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Figure 5: Structure of a) the trifunctional transporter 23 and c) the HaloTag reporter 26. b) Schematic mecha...
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Figure 6: CAPA assay for the complex 25, composed of three transporters 23 bound to one streptavidin 24 (with...
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Figure 7: Examples from the automated HC imaging of stable HGM cells with HaloTag–GFP on mitochondria, labele...
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Figure 8: Evaluation of the automated HC imaging of stable HGM cells with HaloTag–GFP on mitochondria, labele...
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Figure 9: a) Automated HC imaging of the cellular uptake of 25, covering the concentration dependence for the...
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Figure 10: Examples of automated HC imaging of transiently transfected HeLa cells with HaloTag–GFP on Golgi, l...
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Figure 11: Evaluation of the automated HC imaging of the transiently transfected HeLa cells with HaloTag–GFP o...
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- Published 17 Aug 2020
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Scheme 1: Detailed synthetic scheme for PEP-1. (i) 20% piperidine in DMF, (ii) HBTU, (iii) NMM, (iv) Ac2O/Py/...
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Figure 1: a) CD spectrum; b) FTIR spectrum of the amide I region; and c) ThT fluorescence assay of PEP-1 in P...
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Figure 2: AFM height (a and b) and corresponding phase images (c and d) of PEP-1 at pH 7.4 on mica (c = 5.0 ×...
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Figure 3: a) pH-dependent CD spectra of PEP-1. b) AFM height image at pH 5.5; c) at pH 13.0; and d) correspon...
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Figure 4: CD spectrum of PEP-1 at different concentrations at pH 7.4.
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- Published 19 Aug 2020
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Figure 1: Structures of investigated compounds stressing steric differences in linker length attached to the ...
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Scheme 1: Synthesis of water-soluble naphthalene diimides 3a,b, and 5.
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Figure 2: UV–vis absorption (solid line) and fluorescence spectra (dashed line) of NDI 3a,b, and 5 (c = 4.5 ×...
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Figure 3: Calculations for Cl-NDI-NMe model compound (at the B3LYP/6-31+G** level of theory) in water (PCM). ...
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Figure 4: (a) Melting curve of poly(dA-dT)2 alone and after the addition of NDI 3a,b, and 5 (r = 0.3 ([NDI]/[...
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Figure 5: Changes in fluorescence intensity (spectra are normalized) of (a) 3a (c = 1.0 × 10−6 M), (b) 3b (c ...
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Figure 6: Calorimetric titration of a poly(dG-dC)2 solution in sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 5.0) at 298 K wit...
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Figure 7: CD titration of poly(dG-dC)2 (c = 2.0 × 10−5 M) with (a) 3a, (b) 3b, and (c) 5 with increasing mola...
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Figure 8: Schematic representation of the alignment of the intercalating 3a (left) and 3b (right) between the...
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- Published 08 Sep 2020
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Scheme 1: DNA-targeting roles of the structural components incorporated in the design of the novel small mole...
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Scheme 2: Synthesis of compound 4. Conditions: a) mono-N-Boc-ethylenediamine, DMF, 90 °C; b) i) trifluoroacet...
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Figure 1: UV–vis titrations of compound 4 (c = 1.0 × 10−6 M), with ct-DNA at pH 7.0 (a) and at pH 5 (b). Inse...
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Figure 2: a) CD titration of ct-DNA (c = 3.0 × 10−5 M) with compound 4 at pH 7.0 (Na cacodylate buffer, I = 0...
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Figure 3: CD titration of poly(rA)–poly(rU) (c = 3.0 × 10−5 M) with compound 4 at a) pH 7.0 (Na cacodylate bu...
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Figure 4: CD titration of ds-DNAs (c = 3.0 × 10−5 M) with 4 for ratio r[4]/ [DNA] = 0.4. Done at pH 5.0 (Na c...
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Figure 5: ITC experiments of poly(dAdT)–poly(dAdT) (c = 5.0 × 10−5 M) titrated with compound 4. Dots represen...
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Figure 6: AFM image of a) ct-DNA showing a fibre-like structure with a length of several micrometres; b) upon...
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- Published 24 Sep 2020
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Scheme 1: Formation of hierarchically assembled lithium-bridged titanium(IV) helicates as well as the ligands...
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Scheme 2: Previously reported on/off switch for “remote-controlled” [23-31] stereoselectivity of a Diels–Alder react...
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Scheme 3: Elucidating the pathway of the stereoinduction of the Diels–Alder reaction. Ten equivalents of chir...
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Scheme 4: Synthesis of the ligands with secondary amine-containing substituents.
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- Published 09 Oct 2020
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Figure 1: Ligands targeting charged areas on protein surfaces discussed in this review. The protein shown as ...
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Figure 2: 1H NMR titration of lysine with tweezers. All signals show chemical shift perturbations and differe...
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Figure 3: 1H,15N-HSQC Titration of full-length hPin1 with supramolecular tweezers (original data). (a) Spectr...
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Figure 4: Relative signal intensities can be used to identify ligand binding sites (schematic representation ...
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Figure 5: Schematic 1H,15N-HSQC spectrum of tauF4 (chemical shifts from BMRB # 17945, [109]) with and without spec...
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Figure 6: H2(C)N spectra specific for arginine (a) and lysine (b) residues of the hPin1-WW domain at differen...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 20 Oct 2020
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Figure 1: Structures of the compounds used in this study: a) crown-8 analogs; b) crown-7 analogs; c) secondar...
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Scheme 1: Schematic representation of synthetic routes towards TTFC7, exTTFC7, NDIC7, and NDIC8.
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Figure 2: Solid-state structures of a) exTTFC7 (CH3CN molecule omitted for clarity), b) NDIC7 (CH3CN molecule...
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Figure 3: a) Synthesis of the [2]rotaxane NDIRot. b) Stacked 1H NMR spectra (700 MHz, CDCl3, 298 K) of NDIC8 ...
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Figure 4: UV–vis–NIR spectra obtained by spectroelectrochemical measurements (0.1 M n-Bu4PF6, CH2Cl2/CH3CN 1:...
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- Published 02 Nov 2020
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Figure 1: Schematic illustration of the analyte-induced crosslinking of gold nanoparticles containing a mixtu...
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Scheme 1: Syntheses of the ligands rac-1 and (R)-1. Conditions: i) TsCl, NaOH, THF, 0 °C, 60 min → 25 °C, 80 ...
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Scheme 2: Synthesis of ligand 2. Conditions: i) potassium phthalimide, DMF, 25 °C, 18 h, 67%; ii) 2,2'-dipico...
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Figure 2: Photographs of solutions of NPrac-1 in water (0.25 mg/mL) containing different sodium salts at a co...
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Figure 3: Sections of the 1H NMR spectra of solutions of NP25 in D2O/CD3OD 1:2 (v/v) between 8.9 and 3.9 ppm ...
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Figure 4: Images of vials containing solutions of NP10-Zn (0.25 mg/mL) in water/methanol 1:2 (v/v) and additi...
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Figure 5: Photograph of the solutions of the competition experiment. Vial (a) only contained NP10-Zn (and the...
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Figure 6: UV–vis spectra of NP10-Zn (0.25 mg/mL in the initial measurement) in water/methanol 1:2 (v/v) conta...
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Figure 7: TEM images of NP10-Zn (0.25 mg/mL) in water/methanol 1:2 (v/v) before (a) and after the addition of...
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- Published 03 Nov 2020
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Scheme 1: Stepwise assembly of the heterobimetallic tetrahedron 4, starting from 4-ethynylaniline (1) and tra...
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Figure 1: ESI(+) mass spectrum of heterobimetallic complex 4. The top inset shows the experimentally observed...
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Figure 2: UV–vis spectrum of heterobimetallic complex 4 (1150 µM in acetonitrile at 295 K, 0.01 mm cuvette).
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Figure 3: Schematic representation of symmetry-considerations concerning possible diastereomeric tetrahedra. ...
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Figure 4: Detailed excerpt of the 31P NMR spectrum of 4 (202 MHz, acetonitrile-d3, 298 K).
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Figure 5: 1H NMR and DOSY spectrum of heterobimetallic assembly 4 (500 MHz, acetonitilre-d3, 298 K).
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Figure 6: GFN2-xTB minimized gas phase models of the cationic units of all possible diastereomers of 4. Color...
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- Published 10 Nov 2020
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Figure 1: Chemical structures of (a) PBImN (N = 4, 10, 12 and 14) and (b) ATP, ADP and AMP.
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Scheme 1: Schematic representation of ATP sensing by multivalent assemblies of PBImN in aqueous media.
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Scheme 2: Synthetic route for the preparation of PBImNs.
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Figure 2: (a) Absorption and (b) emission spectra of PBImN (50 µM) derivatives in buffer. (c) Absorption and ...
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Figure 3: FESEM images of PBIm12 (a) without and (b) with ATP. (c) Emission spectral changes of PBIm12 (75 µM...
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Figure 4: a) Emission changes of PBIm12 (75 µM) upon the addition of ATP, ADP, AMP and PPi in buffer. Bar dia...
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- Published 12 Nov 2020
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Figure 1: (A) Decorating E. coli with synthetic receptors involves the binding of X-ODN-1 to a hexa-histidine...
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Figure 2: (A) Schematic illustration of the way the division of bacteria decorated with a fluorescent recepto...
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Figure 3: (A) Schematic illustration of the way division of bacteria decorated with three different synthetic...
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Figure 4: Emission spectra generated by bacteria decorated with the three different fluorescent receptors und...
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Figure 5: (A) An alphanumeric code. (B) An encryption key is generated by recording the fluorescence intensit...
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- Published 18 Nov 2020
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Scheme 1: The structures and numbering of berberine (1a) and the alkyl-substituted derivatives 1an–en and the...
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Scheme 2: Synthesis of the berberine–adenine conjugates 4a–e.
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Figure 1: Representative spectrophotometric (A) and spectrofluorimetric (B) titration of compound 4c with 22AG...
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Figure 2: Melting temperatures, ΔTm, of G4-DNA (cDNA = 0.2 µM) F21T (black), F21T plus ds26 (15 equiv, red), ...
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Figure 3: CD spectra of 22AG (A) and a2 (B) in the presence of the ligands 4c (in K+-phosphate buffer (pH 7.0...
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Figure 4: The simplified structure of the complex between 1e3 and quadruplex DNA (left; [38]) and the proposed or...
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- Published 19 Nov 2020
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Figure 1: Chemical structure of dirhamnolipid 1.
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Scheme 1: Synthesis of the dirhamnolipid esters and the chemical structure of 7.
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Figure 2: Solubility of the dirhamnolipid esters in various solvents (+ = soluble, − = insoluble, G = gel).
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Figure 3: Phase transition temperature for the dirhamnolipid esters in toluene while heating (TGS, blue) and ...
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Figure 4: Amplitude sweep: double logarithmic plot of the dynamic moduli against the amplitude (deformation) ...
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Figure 5: Frequency sweep: double logarithmic plot of the dynamic moduli against the frequency for the dirham...
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Figure 6: Double logarithmic plot of (a) the plateau modulus G0 and (b) the relaxation time τR against the co...
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Figure 7: Semilogarithmic plot of (a) G0/G''min, (b) η0, and (c) τR against the inverse absolute temperature ...
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Figure 8: Polarized optical microscopy (POM) images of the 2/toluene system (5 wt %) with crossed polarizers ...
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Figure 9: Schematic representation of the formation of RWLM by dirhamnolipid esters.
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- Published 20 Nov 2020
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Figure 1: Some selected self-sorting outcomes and their qualitative and quantitative assessment.
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Figure 2: Illustration of an integrative vs a non-integrative self-sorting.
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Figure 3: The pH-driven four-component 2-fold completive self-sorting based on host–guest chemistry.
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Figure 4: (a) The monomers 5 and 6 and their H-bonding array. (b) The hydrogen-bonded octameric and tetrameri...
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Figure 5: (a) Two new Zn4L6-type cages. (b) The encapsulation of C70 induced distinct reconstitutions within ...
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Figure 6: The formation of octahedral cages (a) [Co6(10')4]12+ and (b) [Co6(11')4]12+. (c) The 2-fold complet...
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Figure 7: Exchange of Ag+ for Au+ ions in poly-NHC ligand-based organometallic assemblies.
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Figure 8: The reversible interconversion between the three-component rectangle [Cu4(16)2(17)2]4+ and the four...
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Figure 9: a) Chemical structure of the monomer 20 with its quadruple hydrogen-bonding array and a metal-affin...
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Figure 10: Communication between the nanoswitch 21 and the supramolecular assemblies [Cu4(22)2(24)2]4+ or [Cu6(...
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Figure 11: (a) The chemical structures and cartoon representations of the switch 25, the decks 26 and 27, and ...
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Figure 12: Double self-sorting leads to a catalytic machinery in SelfSORT-II, in which the 46 kHz-nanorotor ac...
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Figure 13: ON/OFF control of a networked catalytic catch–release system.
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Figure 14: A multicomponent information system for the reversible reconfiguration of switchable dual catalysis....
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Figure 15: a) The chemically fueled cascaded ion translocation, monitored by distinct emission colors. b) Work...
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Figure 16: Cyclic metallosupramolecular transformations.
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Figure 17: Fully reversible multiple-state rearrangement of metallosupramolecular architectures depending upon...
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Figure 18: The selective encapsulation and sequential release of guests in a self-sorted mixture of three tetr...
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Figure 19: Two catalytic reactions are alternately controlled by a toggle nanoswitch.
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Figure 20: A biped walking along a tetrahedral track and unfolding its catalytic action. Adapted with permissi...
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Figure 21: A three state supramolecular AND logic gate.
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Figure 22: Four-component nanorotor and its catalytic activity. Adapted with permission from (Biswas, P. K.; S...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 25 Nov 2020
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Figure 1: Chemical structure of the Im–Ag(I)–Im base pair [30].
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Figure 2: The aptamer derivatives used in this study. The imidazole deoxyribonucleotide is marked in green as...
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Figure 3: Temperature-dependent normalized UV absorbance at 260 nm for oligonucleotides a) 1af, b) 1bf, c) 1cf...
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Figure 4: The two systems devised to investigate the envisaged functionality of the modified structure-switch...
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Figure 5: System A: the aptamers 1af, 1bf, 1cf, and 1df with the complementary sequence 1q (X = imidazole, f ...
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Figure 6: Normalized fluorescence intensity at 526 nm (λexc = 490 nm) of a) 1af, b) 1bf, c) 1cf, and d) 1df p...
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Figure 7: System B: aptamers 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d with the complementary oligonucleotides 2f and 2q (X = imidaz...
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Figure 8: Normalized fluorescence intensity at 526 nm (λexc = 490 nm) of the oligonucleotide 2f before and af...
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Figure 9: Elution of the aptamer derivatives from the ATP-agarose gel in the absence of Ag(I): 1af (red), 1bf...
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Figure 10: Elution of the aptamers from the ATP-agarose gel in the presence of 1 equiv of Ag(I): 1af (red), 1bf...
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- Published 27 Nov 2020
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Figure 1: UV–vis absorption spectra of GCP ethyl amide [9] (in grey) and GCI ethyl amide (in green) at 200 µM co...
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Figure 2: UVRR spectra of a 1 mM solution of toluene in acetonitrile acquired with 240, 258, and 266 nm laser...
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Figure 3: The UVRR spectra of a 200 µM solution of GCP ethyl amide in 6 mM BisTris buffer solution at pH 6 ac...
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Figure 4: The UVRR spectra of GCI ethyl amide at a 200 µM concentration in 6 mM BisTris buffer solution at pH...
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Figure 5: The computed Raman spectrum of GCI ethyl amide in the fingerprint region 800–1800 cm−1, calculated ...
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Figure 6: The DFT computed eigenvectors of GCI ethyl amide of selected normal modes (cf. Figure 5) at (a) 1035 cm−1, ...
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Figure 7: The UVRR spectra obtained with 244 nm laser excitation: GCI and a 1:1 mixture of ‘GCI and BA’ (bott...
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Figure 8: The UVRR spectra obtained with 244 nm laser excitation: GCI and a 1:1 mixture of ‘GCI and RGD’ (bot...
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- Published 02 Dec 2020
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Scheme 1: Chemical structures and schematic representation of (a) the pillar[4]arene[1]quinone H; (b) 1,10-di...
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Figure 1: Crystal structures of the [3]pseudorotaxane composed of H and G in the solid state. Color code: C, ...
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Figure 2: 1H NMR spectra (500 MHz, CDCl3, 298 K): (a) 6.00 mM G; (b) 3.00 mM G + 3.00 mM H; and (c) 6.00 mM H....
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Figure 3: NOESY spectrum of a solution of H and G (500 MHz, chloroform-d, 298 K).
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Figure 4: Normalized UV–vis spectra: H (black); H upon adding 0.5 equiv of G (red); and H upon adding 1 equiv...
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- Published 02 Dec 2020
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Scheme 1: A) Structures of the six investigated 2,3-disubstituted-6,7-diphenylnaphthalene derivatives with va...
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Scheme 2: Synthesis of p-phenyl-6,7-disubstituted naphthalene-2,3-dicarbonitrile.
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Figure 1: Molecular structure in the crystal of Me as obtained by X-ray diffractometric analysis. Thermal dis...
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Figure 2: A) Intermolecular CH…π interactions for compound Me. B) Weak intermolecular π–π stacking interactio...
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Figure 3: Normalized absorption spectra of the evaluated compounds in fluid THF at rt. All solutions were opt...
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Figure 4: Normalized emission spectra of the evaluated compounds in fluid THF at rt (left) and in a frozen gl...
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Figure 5: A) Photographs of H at different THF/H2O ratios under UV excitation (λ = 365 nm). B) Photoluminesce...
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- Published 03 Dec 2020
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Figure 1: Three different type of peptide-based fluorescent probes and their interaction with nucleic acids a...
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Figure 2: A) Molecular structure of peptidic probe 1, Inset: HeLa cells incubated with peptide 1 (50 μM), sho...
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Figure 3: A) Molecular structure of probe 2; B) fluorescence emission spectra for the titration of a 10 μM so...
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Figure 4: A) Molecular structure of 3; B) fluorescence emission spectra for the titration of a 10 μM solution...
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Figure 5: A) Molecular structure of 4 and 5; B) fluorescence spectra for the titration of a 0.5 μM solution o...
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Figure 6: A) Molecular structure of 6; B) possible binding mode of pyrene termini of 6 to CB[8] according to ...
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Figure 7: A) Molecular structure of peptidic probes 7 and 8; B) fluorescence emission spectra of probe 7 (5.0...
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Figure 8: Top: Molecular structure of 9; bottom: A) fluorescence response of 9 (500 nM) upon addition of β-tr...
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Figure 9: Top: Molecular structures of 10 and 11; bottom: A) fluorescence emission spectra of 10 (1.0 µM, λex...
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Figure 10: A) Structure of two peptide amphiphiles 12 and 13; B) fluorescent spectra (λex = 400 nm) from a tit...
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Figure 11: a) Molecular structure of peptide 14; b) the coordinate represents the states of sensor at differen...
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- Review
- Published 04 Jan 2021
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Figure 1: Different methodologies employed to study PPIs. The protein used for illustration is the heterodime...
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Figure 2: Mechanisms of homooligomeric complex formations. a) Domain swapping of RNase A (PDB: 1A2W) [73]. The sw...
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Figure 3: Parts a) and b) represent the electron densities and B-factors of TMV, respectively. The cryo-EM st...
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Figure 4: Schematic of the general assembly of charged protein containers to form binary nanoparticle superla...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 06 Jan 2021
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Figure 1: Chemical structure of compound 1 and UV–vis spectra in an aggregating aqueous medium and in the dis...
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Figure 2: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images (left, zoomed-out and zoomed-in; 1 × 10−4 M solutions...
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Figure 3: Cryo-TEM images of a 1 × 10−4 M solution of 1 (5% THF) and the corresponding molecular model as wel...
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Figure 4: Cryo-TEM images of 1 × 10−4 M compound 1 in THF/water solutions after one minute of aging. A) 5% TH...
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Figure 5: Transient kinetics at different laser powers probed at 755 nm (1 × 10−4 M solution at pH 10): A) 5%...
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- Letter
- Published 06 Jan 2021
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Scheme 1: Cartoon representative for rac-TBPP-based CPL-active systems fabricated through two strategies.
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Figure 1: Ground-state and excited-state chirality of R2N-TBPP and S2N-TBPP. (a) CD spectra of R2N-TBPP and S...
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Figure 2: (a) Fluorescence spectra of rac-TBPP in solution (dash line) and in the rac-TBPP/DGG co-gels. (b) C...
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Figure 3: (a) UV–vis absorption spectra of rac-TBPP and rac-TBPP/DGG co-gel (rac-TBPP/DGG = 1:80). (b) FTIR s...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 12 Jan 2021
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Scheme 1: The synthesis of the C3-symmetrical tetraethylene glycol-decorated peptide amphiphile I and the azi...
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Scheme 2: Synthesis of the sulfated peptide amphiphile II by copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cyclization.
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Figure 1: Analysis of the self-assembly behavior of I by A: CD-spectra of 5, 10, 25 or 50 µM aqueous solution...
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Figure 2: Analysis of the supramolecular polymerization of II by A: CD-spectra of a 25 µM solution in TRIS bu...
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Figure 3: Concentration-dependent relative L-selectin binding of the supramolecular polymers I and II in HEPE...
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- Published 12 Jan 2021
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Figure 1: a) VII systems described by Sijbesma and Meijer, featuring two ureidopyrimidone BUs which are linke...
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Figure 2: a) GCP and ACP motif, as charged and neutral BUs and BINAM as precoordinating LU. b) Compounds 1, 2...
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Figure 3: Synthesis of compounds 1 to 4. Reagents and conditions: i) ʟ-Boc-glutamic acid benzyl ester, HCTU, ...
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Figure 4: a) 2D-screening in DMSO of the GCP derivative 1, specific viscosity vs concentration vs temperature...
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Figure 5: Comparison of the specific viscosities in dependence of the temperature of the ACP derivative (oran...
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Figure 6: DLS measurement of compound 2 in toluene at 25 °C, 60 °C and 100 °C.
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Figure 7: Specific viscosity of compounds 2, 3 and 4 in Nynas NS8 in dependency to the temperature.
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Figure 8: Specific viscosity of compound 4 in Nynas NS8 and Nexbase 3020.
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- Letter
- Published 14 Jan 2021
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Figure 1: Schematic representation of the modular approach towards halogen-bonded fluorescent liquid crystals....
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Figure 2: Representative POM images of NO2-C10 at 94 °C (a) and NO2-C10∙∙∙F4Az at 61.5 °C (b) upon cooling fr...
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Figure 3: Comparison of the mesomorphic properties of NO2-Cn, NO2-Cn∙∙∙F4St, and NO2-Cn∙∙∙F4Az (n = 8–11). Th...
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Figure 4: Graphical representation of the calculated interaction energies in kJ/mol of the XB-acceptor NO2-C1...
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Figure 5: Summary of the thermal behaviour of the azo complexes with decreasing fluorination degree as observ...
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Figure 6: POM images of the supramolecular assemblies NO2-C10∙∙∙F3Az (a), NO2-C10∙∙∙F2Az (b) and NO2-C10∙∙∙F2...
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Figure 7: Fluorescence studies of NO2-C9∙∙∙F4St. The photographs of the solid components as well as the forme...
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Figure 8: Photographs of the assemblies with different alkoxy chain lengths on the NO2-Cn moiety directly aft...
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Figure 9: Temperature-dependent fluorescent images of NO2-C9∙∙∙F4St showing the enhancement of emission upon ...
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- Review
- Published 18 Jan 2021
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Figure 1: Chemical structures of representative macrocycles.
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Figure 2: Ba2+-induced intermolecular [2 + 2]-photocycloaddition of crown ether-functionalized substrates 1 a...
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Figure 3: Energy transfer system constructed of a BODIPY–zinc porphyrin–crown ether triad assembly bound to a...
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Figure 4: The sensitizer 5 was prepared by a flavin–zinc(II)–cyclen complex for the photooxidation of benzyl ...
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Figure 5: Enantiodifferentiating Z–E photoisomerization of cyclooctene sensitized by a chiral sensitizer as t...
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Figure 6: Structures of the modified CDs as chiral sensitizing hosts. Adapted with permission from [24], Copyrigh...
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Figure 7: Supramolecular 1:1 and 2:2 complexations of AC with the cationic β-CD derivatives 16–21 and subsequ...
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Figure 8: Construction of the TiO2–AuNCs@β-CD photocatalyst. Republished with permission of The Royal Society...
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Figure 9: Visible-light-driven conversion of benzyl alcohol to H2 and a vicinal diol or to H2 and benzaldehyd...
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Figure 10: (a) Structures of CDs, (b) CoPyS, and (c) EY. Republished with permission of The Royal Society of C...
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Figure 11: Conversion of CO2 to CO by ReP/HO-TPA–TiO2. Republished with permission of The Royal Society of Che...
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Figure 12: Thiacalix[4]arene-protected TiO2 clusters for H2 evolution. Reprinted with permission from [37], Copyri...
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Figure 13: 4-Methoxycalix[7]arene film-based TiO2 photocatalytic system. Reprinted from [38], Materials Today Chem...
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Figure 14: (a) Photodimerization of 6-methylcoumarin (22). (b) Catalytic cycle for the photodimerization of 22...
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Figure 15: Formation of a supramolecular PDI–CB[7] complex and structures of monomers and the chain transfer a...
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Figure 16: Ternary self-assembled system for photocatalytic H2 evolution (a) and structure of 27 (b). Figure 16 reprodu...
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Figure 17: Structures of COP-1, CMP-1, and their substrate S-1 and S-2.
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Figure 18: Supramolecular self-assembly of the light-harvesting system formed by WP5, β-CAR, and Chl-b. Reprod...
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Figure 19: Photocyclodimerization of AC based on WP5 and WP6.
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 19 Jan 2021
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Scheme 1: The chemical network of reactions for 4-hydroxyflavylium (left) and the write-lock-erase cycle (rig...
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Scheme 2: The building blocks used for the self-assembly in this study: pelargonidin chloride (Flavy), 1-naph...
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Scheme 3: Overview of the different states of the multi-switchable system consisting of Flavy, 1N36S, and pol...
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Figure 1: Top: pelargonidin cation (Flavy) and network of chemical reactions; bottom: corresponding UV–vis sp...
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Figure 2: Characterization of Flavy: a) 1H NMR spectrum at pH 7.0 (form A) before and after irradiation; b) 13...
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Scheme 4: Overview of the different states of the two main cycles switching the system consisting of 1N36S, F...
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Figure 3: UV–vis spectroscopy of the ternary nano-assemblies for cycle I (a) and cycle II (b).
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Figure 4: Dynamic light scattering: Electric field autocorrelation function g1(τ) and distribution of relaxat...
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Figure 5: Static light scattering data from the assemblies of cycle I; a) A, non-irradiated, spherical partic...
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Figure 6: Comparison of cycle I and cycle II in AFM.
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Figure 7: a) ζ-Potential and b) effective surface charge density for cycle I; c) ζ-potential and d) effective...
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Figure 8: Isothermal titration calorimetry of poly(allylamine) into the cell containing Flavy and 1N36S in aq...
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Figure 9: Polar surface area of Flavy in form of A (left) and B (right).
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Figure 10: Hydrodynamic radii of the nano-assemblies as function of the loading ratio: a) cycle I, b) cycle II....
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Figure 11: UV–vis spectra of the nano-assemblies of cycle II at l = 0.75.
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Figure 12: ζ-Potential of the nano-assemblies of cycle II depending on the concentration ratio.
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Scheme 5: Different mixing orders of the assemblies. The major part of this study focuses on route i.
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