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Search for "quantification" in Full Text gives 249 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
The rational design of a Au(I) precursor for focused electron beam induced deposition
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2753–2765, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.274
- aurophilicity very much, as the sequence of ClAuPMe3, IAuPMe3 and CNAuPMe3 shows. Quantification of aurophilicity is difficult. One should not simply correlate it to the Au–Au distances, but also consider the dimension of the network and the number of Au–Au interactions. A short single Au–Au interaction is not
- and composition can be observed directly under the relevant conditions, i.e., in high vacuum. While it means that extra care has to be taken (and margins on the quantification have to be added) when interpreting the EDS results, the results do reveal the stability of the complexes. The results are
Direct writing of gold nanostructures with an electron beam: On the way to pure nanostructures by combining optimized deposition with oxygen-plasma treatment
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2530–2543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.253
- [65]. More accurate compositional quantification could probably be achieved by performing atom probe tomography or thickness-corrected STEM electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Planar Au nanostructures The main goal here was to elucidate the effects of each experimental parameter on the
Fabrication of CeO2–MOx (M = Cu, Co, Ni) composite yolk–shell nanospheres with enhanced catalytic properties for CO oxidation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2425–2437, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.241
- the characteristics Ni 2p3/2 and Ni 2p1/2 signals of Ni(II), while the peak at around 861.1 eV is the shake-up peak at the high-energy side of the Ni 2p3/2 edge [31]. Additionally, direct quantification of surface concentration ratio of M has been estimated by the integrated intensities of the M 2p
Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.239
- (ESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), while quantification of gold and iron oxide was performed by inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The endocytotic route was determined by the use of specific inhibitors. Results Particle characterisation in cell culture
- vicinity of the cell membrane events of colocalizing AuNPs and FeOxNPs were also found (Figure 4). Quantification of particle uptake The quantification of the intracellular fraction of elemental Au or Fe (Figure 5, top) by ICP-OES revealed a continuous uptake of both particle types in all exposure modes
- , higher magnifications and insets have a scale bar of 2.5µm, 500 nm and 50 nm, respectively. Quantification of uptake by ICP-OES and LSM combined with digital analysis. ICP-OES measurements reveal an increasing trend of NP uptake, independent of NP type and exposure mode. The LSM data supports the ICP-OES
Surfactant-induced enhancement of droplet adhesion in superhydrophobic soybean (Glycine max L.) leaves
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2345–2356, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.234
- for 10 s at ambient temperature. The data presented in Figure 2 are mean values of four different chemical analyses. For quantification of wax molecules, n-tetracosane (10 µg, 99.5%, Fluka Chemika GmbH, Germany) was directly added to each of the samples as an internal standard. The chloroform volume
- flame ionization detector. 1 µL of each sample were injected into the column (30 m DB-1 i.d. 0.32 mm, film 0.2 µm; J&W Scientific, Folsom, CA, USA), and H2 served as the carrier gas. For quantification of single components, peak areas were estimated using the software Enhanced ChemStation (G 1701DA
Photobleaching of YOYO-1 in super-resolution single DNA fluorescence imaging
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2296–2306, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.229
- (Figure 4b). Only well-separated single DNA molecules are chosen for the purpose of easy quantification. The DNA strands are prelabeled with YOYO-1 at a dye–DNA base pair ratio of 1:10. The average dye concentration in each DNA is calculated to be ≈300 dye molecules/μm for a given length of a DNA molecule
Magnetic properties of optimized cobalt nanospheres grown by focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) on cantilever tips
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2106–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.210
- cobalt particle is: where k is the cantilever spring constant, Bz the vertical component of the magnetic field from the cylinder, and z0 is the equilibrium position of the particle in the field gradient. STEM-EELS chemical mapping and quantification was carried out at an acceleration voltage of 300 kV in
Imidazolium-based ionic liquids used as additives in the nanolubrication of silicon surfaces
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1961–1971, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.197
- prior to XPS analysis. Spectra were acquired at TOA = 0° (relative to normal) with the Mg Kα X-ray source of a KRATOS XSAM800. Data treatment details were given in a previous work [41]. The sensitivity factors used for quantification analysis were: 0.318 for C 1s, 0.391 for S 2s, 0.736 for O 1s, 0.505
Fluorination of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: from CF4 plasma chemistry to surface functionalization
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1723–1733, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.173
- fitting procedure using Lorentzian functions to fit the peaks; a representative curve fitting result is reported in Figure S3 in Supporting Information File 1. According to the previous works [36][37], the defect quantification can be evaluated through the intensity ratios between the D and G bands, and
Development of an advanced diagnostic concept for intestinal inflammation: molecular visualisation of nitric oxide in macrophages by functional poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1637–1641, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.163
- synthesised and released on demand, it is not stored and is highly diffusible. In vivo detection of NO in real time is difficult, because NO rapidly diffuses and reacts with cellular components. NO quantification with chemiluminescence or amperometry is often complicated by low spatio-temporal resolution and
- . Quantification of NO release with NO550-loaded microspheres in inflamed cells. LPS-stimulated murine RAW 264.7 macrophages led to significantly higher fluorescence intensity (FI) signals using NO550-loaded microspheres than in unstimulated cells (p = 0.02). The signal coincide with nitrite concentrations
High-speed dynamic-mode atomic force microscopy imaging of polymers: an adaptive multiloop-mode approach
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1563–1570, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.158
- sample topography quantification, AMLM imaging takes both the AFM z-piezo displacement and the TM-deflection into account [1] in quantification of hk(j). In particular, the sample surface height at any given point can be quantified with respect to a fixed reference point with h0 = 0 and the corresponding
Calcium fluoride based multifunctional nanoparticles for multimodal imaging
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1484–1493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.148
- (hdF) after treatment with the NPs stabilized with Melpers®2450 for 24 h was evaluated. Therefore, the CellTiter-Glo assay was used [44], a method that is based on the quantification of adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP), which signals the presence of metabolically active cells. Adding the CellTiter-Glo
- cell toxicity of the CaF2:(Tb3+,Gd3+) NPs was investigated in 96-well plates on a subconfluent monolayer culture of hdF. With the CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay (Promega), based on the quantification of the ATP concentration, the cell viability was examined. The cell line was seeded
Nano-engineered skin mesenchymal stem cells: potential vehicles for tumour-targeted quantum-dot delivery
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1218–1230, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.123
- proliferation of MSCs. The differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteocytes was not affected by the presence of QDs (Figure 5). Quantification assays for Alcian Blue staining and Alizarin Red S staining confirmed that QDs did not influence chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of skin MSCs (Figure
- % PFA for 30 min at room temperature. After fixation, cells were washed with PBS and stained with a 1% Alcian Blue staining solution in 0.1 M HCl overnight at room temperature. Stained cells were washed three times with 0.1 M HCl and imaged in water. Quantification of the Alcian Blue stain was achieved
- Phalloidin Alexa Fluor488 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) as previously described and analysed using confocal microscopy. Quantification of the QD fluorescent signal was achieved using Nis-Elements C 4.13 software. Single cell borders were defined according to the Phalloidin Alexa488 staining. The mean
Growth, structure and stability of sputter-deposited MoS2 thin films
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1115–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.113
- TEM at 150 kV. EDX spectroscopy was performed in a Zeiss Supra 55VP SEM at 20 kV using an Oxford Instruments X-max detector and the INCA software for elemental composition quantification. Electrical measurements To investigate the conductivity of the MoS2 films two types of field effect transistor
ZnO nanoparticles sensitized by CuInZnxS2+x quantum dots as highly efficient solar light driven photocatalysts
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1080–1093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.110
- was added and the mixture was incubated for 50 min at room temperature in the dark. The photoluminescence spectra were recorded in order to estimate the formation of 2-OH-DST (λex = 300 nm). The quantification of •OH production was conducted according to the method we recently described [42
CVD transfer-free graphene for sensing applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1015–1022, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.102
- analyte adsorption rather than the kinetics of the surface reactions. From this analysis a predisposition of transfer-free CVD graphene towards NO2 detection has clearly emerged. The remarkable control on the sensing film geometry, which is specific to the presented technique, enables a quantification of
Needs and challenges for assessing the environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 989–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.101
- – Review of Health and Environmental Safety: Human health and Ecological Risk Assessment (ENRHES RA) [46], Risk Quantification based on Probabilistic Mass Flow Modeling Analysis (PMFA Risk Assessment) [47], Forecasting of the Impacts of Nanomaterials in the Environment (FINE) based on Bayesian Networks (BN
- of Health and Environmental Safety: Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment (ENRHES RA), (g) Risk Quantification based on Probabilistic Mass Flow Analysis (PMFA risk quantification), (h) Forecasting of the Impacts of Nanomaterials in the Environment (FINE) based on Bayesian Networks (BN), and (i
Phospholipid arrays on porous polymer coatings generated by micro-contact spotting
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 715–722, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.75
- microscopy and quantification of signal Fluorescence microscopy was carried out on an Eclipse 80i upright microscope (Nikon Instruments Inc.). Fluorescence images were taken with 10× or 20× objectives. Images were recorded with a CoolSNAP HQ2 camera (Photometrics). Patterns were aligned for imaging by using
The longstanding challenge of the nanocrystallization of 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 452–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.49
- quantification by Rietveld or full pattern matching methods would have been useful to follow the conversion with time. Dry production methods Physical vapor deposition (PVD) In 2002, Frolov and Pivkina first reported on a vacuum condensation process for high energetic materials [38][39][40]. The vacuum
Study of the surface properties of ZnO nanocolumns used for thin-film solar cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 446–451, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.48
- profiles. The analyzer transmission function, Scofield sensitivity factors, and effective attenuation length for photoelectrons were applied for quantification. All spectra were referenced to the adventitious C 1s peak at a binding energy (BE) of 285.0 eV. The BE scale was controlled on standards of poly
Uptake of the proteins HTRA1 and HTRA2 by cells mediated by calcium phosphate nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 381–393, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.40
- dispersion in biological media containing proteins (like RPMI/10% FCS) is much better due to the formation of a protein corona [48][49]. The concentration of the labelled proteins was determined by UV–vis spectroscopy (Table 2). Table 3 gives the quantification data of the functionalized nanoparticles, where
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of self-assembled thiol monolayers and supported lipid membranes on thin anodic porous alumina
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 74–81, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.8
- quantification of the adsorbed mass onto the surface of a vibrating Au-coated quartz electrode through the measurement of the mass-induced frequency shift. Additionally, the measurement of the dissipation gives indication about the viscoelastic properties of the adsorbed layer. The quartz–Au substrate was thus
The cleaner, the greener? Product sustainability assessment of the biomimetic façade paint Lotusan® in comparison to the conventional façade paint Jumbosil®
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2100–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.200
- utility. In order to be able to finally assess which product, over the entire observation period and with regard to all relevant aspects of utility, performs as the better product, a systematic and integrated evaluation is required. A robust quantification of the functional utility of the two compared
- or, in other terms, an arbitrary shortening of the service life time. On the other hand the efforts of a façade cleaning after 7.5 years have been analysed. This allows a quantification of the aspects of utility, depending on customer behaviour, even though this means quantifying “value choices“. It
A novel electrochemical nanobiosensor for the ultrasensitive and specific detection of femtomolar-level gastric cancer biomarker miRNA-106a
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2023–2036, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.193
- were 3.2% and 2.2%, respectively, and the inter-assay reproducibility was 5.5% and 4.8%, respectively. These results demonstrate that the fabricated miRNA-nanobiosensor promises an efficient quantification process with trace detection limit and acceptable reproducibility, which is really valuable in
- /SPCEs with the freshly-prepared ones over a 10-week period. As the results show (Figure S4), the response of miRNA-nanobiosensor remained quite stable up to eight weeks and after that, there was a loss in signal strength of about 30% [43][47]. miR-106a quantification in spiked and real samples The
- expression of cancer-associated miRNA-106a in serum can be screened as a valuable non-invasive biomarker of GC. However, quantification methodologies are only useful if they are able to detect miRNA in serum, despite of background noises generated from serum factors. Table 1 shows the analyses of spiked
Chitosan-based nanoparticles for improved anticancer efficacy and bioavailability of mifepristone
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1861–1870, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.178
- 100 μL of methanol–water solution (50:50 v/v) followed by vortex-mixing for 3 min and then centrifuged at 15,000 rpm for 10 min. Afterwards, a 4 μL aliquot of the supernatant was injected into the chromatographic systems for analysis. Quantification The MIF concentration in plasma was determined using
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