A Ni(OH)₂ nanopetals network for high-performance supercapacitors synthesized by immersing Ni nanofoam in water

• Donghui Zheng,
• Man Li,
• Yongyan Li,
• Chunling Qin,
• Yichao Wang and
• Zhifeng Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 281–293, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.27

• an X-ray energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) and a transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEOL JEM-2100). The preparation process of the TEM sample was as follows: Firstly, the active materials were scraped off with a knife. Then the materials were dispersed in ethanol with ultrasonic vibration

Removal of toxic heavy metals from river water samples using a porous silica surface modified with a new β-ketoenolic host

• Said Tighadouini,
• Smaail Radi,
• Abderrahman Elidrissi,
• Khadija Haboubi,
• Maryse Bacquet,
• Stéphanie Degoutin,
• Mustapha Zaghrioui and
• Yann Garcia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 262–273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.25

• -3-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one was successful. FTIR spectra of original silica gel (SiG), SiNH2 and SiNL are shown in Figure 1. The characteristics of the precursor materials (SiG, SiNH2) are consistent with literature [44][45][46][47][48]. In the SiNL spectrum, the stretching vibration of O–H band

• of material surface was obtained at 3351 cm−1 and the peak observed at 1050 cm−1 corresponds to Si–O–Si band, the strong bands observed at 2943 cm−1 are attributed to the stretching vibration of aliphatic C–H bands. The new ν(C=C) and ν(C=N) vibrations detected at 1459 cm−1 and 1531 cm−1

Nanoporous water oxidation electrodes with a low loading of laser-deposited Ru/C exhibit enhanced corrosion stability

• Sandra Haschke,
• Dmitrii Pankin,
• Vladimir Mikhailovskii,
• Maïssa K. S. Barr,
• Adriana Both-Engel,
• Alina Manshina and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.15

• -frequency region, the conspicuous maximum at ≈1600 cm−1 is due the stretching vibration of C=C bonds in aromatic or graphitic carbon. The peak at 1224 cm−1 corresponds to stretching vibrations of C–C and C–O single bonds (the ‘disorder’ peak usually found for graphitic material) [56][57][58][59][60][61

New micro/mesoporous nanocomposite material from low-cost sources for the efficient removal of aromatic and pathogenic pollutants from water

• Emmanuel I. Unuabonah,
• Robert Nöske,
• Jens Weber,
• Christina Günter and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 119–131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.11

• raw kaolinite, and are no longer visible in the spectra of the 2Z-HYCA samples. This result is similar to our previous HYCA materials prepared with NaOH in air at 300 °C [1]. The broad band at approximately 3426 cm−1 in raw kaolinite clay is an –OH stretching vibration that is present in all 2Z-HYCA

• micro/mesoporous nanocomposite materials. The –OH bending vibration from adsorbed water at ≈1600 cm−1 decreases in intensity and shifts from 1624 to 1585 cm−1 with increasing reaction temperature. The bands observed in the spectra of raw kaolinite between 1000–1200 cm−1 significantly change upon heating

• presence of Si–O [33].The –OH bending vibration from absorbed water in raw kaolinite clay (1630 cm−1) shifts to lower wave numbers in 2Z-HYCA (between 1615 and 1599 cm−1) with increasing temperature. The band at approximately 1700 cm−1 is attributed to the C=O stretching vibrations of carbonyl groups

Zn/F-doped tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized by laser pyrolysis: structural and optical properties

• Florian Dumitrache,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Elena Dutu,
• Ion Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Alina Ilie,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Cristian Mihailescu,
• Adriana Smarandache and
• Gabriel Prodan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.2

• the perpendicular plane to the c-axis. The Eg mode is related to the oxygen vibration in the direction of the c-axis [48][49]. According to Diéguez et al. [49], the band S1 located at around 570 cm−1 is linked to amorphous SnO2. The correlation between the intensity of the Raman band with the size of

A novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-modified layered double hydroxide: preparation, characterization and properties

• Xianwei Zhang,
• Zhongzhu Ma,
• Hong Fan,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Jintao Wan and
• Philippe Dubois

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3053–3068, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.284

• NLDH, the strong absorption around 1381 cm−1 confirms the presence of interlayer NO3−, and the bands recorded below 800 cm−1 originate from the vibration of metal–oxygen bonds and from lattice vibrations associated with metal hydroxide sheets [15]. The introduction of OCPS anions after modification is

• confirmed by the new characteristic vibration bands detected for –COO− (C=O asymmetric stretching at 1564 cm−1 and symmetric stretching at 1409 cm−1), –NH–C=O (C=O stretching at 1638 cm−1, C–N stretching and N–H bending around 1310–1230 cm−1), alkyl (C–C–C asymmetric stretching at 1193 cm−1, C–H stretching

• at 3000–2800 cm−1), and Si–O–Si (asymmetric stretching around 1000–1200 cm−1). The disappearance of the strong stretching vibration for carboxylic acid C=O around 1701 cm−1 indicates that OCPS was almost totally converted into its ion state. Despite the possible fact that the band of residual nitrate

Apparent tunneling barrier height and local work function of atomic arrays

• Neda Noei,
• Alexander Weismann and
• Richard Berndt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3048–3052, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.283

• monolayer depth with single-atom and wider width (approx. 2 atoms) are displayed. The curves are arbitrarily offset along the ordinate for clarity. The terrace data are shown with each curve for comparison. Small undulations of the data are due to low-frequency vibration of the microscope. Apparent barrier

Co-intercalated layered double hydroxides as thermal and photo-oxidation stabilizers for polypropylene

• Qian Zhang,
• Qiyu Gu,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Pinggui Tang,
• Dianqing Li and
• Yongjun Feng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2980–2988, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.277

• to the co-intercalation. The results show that co-precipitation yields Ca2Al-LDHs free of CaCO3 by-product [23]. Figure 3 shows FTIR spectra of all the HnMn′-Ca2Al-LDHs. One can observe characteristic stretching-vibration bands of LDHs, for example, the broad band at ca. 3445 cm−1 associated to the

• OH groups of interlayer water molecules and brucite-like LDH layers. The band at 421 cm−1 is attributed to O–M–O lattice vibrations in LDH, which further proves the formation of a LDH platelet structure. Moreover, for HALS-Ca2Al-LDH and MP-Ca2Al-LDH, the characteristics stretching vibration bands of

Hybrid Au@alendronate nanoparticles as dual chemo-photothermal agent for combined cancer treatment

• Anouchka Plan Sangnier,
• Romain Aufaure,
• Laurence Motte,
• Claire Wilhelm,
• Erwann Guenin and
• Yoann Lalatonne

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2947–2952, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.273

• 1113 cm−1 is characteristic for the vibrational mode for the PO3 group [32]. For Au@alendronate NPs the strong tightening of P=O and P–O vibration bands around 1000 cm−1 (red curve), which is characteristic of the chelation of phosphorus species on a metallic surface [11][16][33], suggests a

• coordination of phosphonates as chelating groups. The –NH scissoring (1564 cm−1) and bending vibration bands (1675 cm−1) for alendronate were slightly shifted in the Au@alendronate NPs confirming the multilayer formation through anion/cation interactions due to the alendronate zwitterion form. These results

Nanostructure-induced performance degradation of WO₃·nH₂O for energy conversion and storage devices

• Zhenyin Hai,
• Mohammad Karbalaei Akbari,
• Zihan Wei,
• Danfeng Cui,
• Chenyang Xue,
• Hongyan Xu,
• Philippe M. Heynderickx,
• Francis Verpoort and
• Serge Zhuiykov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2845–2854, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.265

• in Figure 8a, the initial WO3 sample is characterized by two main peaks at ca. 713 and ca. 807 cm−1, which are associated with two types of W–O–W stretching vibration modes [51][52]. The ν1(W–O–W) mode also appeared in the other two initial samples. The Raman spectra of the initial WO3·H2O and WO3

• ·2H2O samples were characterized by the stretching vibration mode of their terminal W=O bonds [53][54]. In spite of their high similarity, the peaks of WO3·2H2O are shifted slightly to higher wavenumbers compared to those of WO3·H2O as indicated in the sample containing both WO3·2H2O and WO3·H2O. The

• Raman spectra presented in Figure 8b reflect the structural transformation of the samples after CV tests. The Raman spectra of both the samples synthesized at 80 and 120 °C showed a new peak from the W–O–W stretching vibration mode (ν2(W–O–W)), while the other peaks were broadened. The peaks of the ν1(W

Controlling surface morphology and sensitivity of granular and porous silver films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS

• Sherif Okeil and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2813–2831, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.263

• cannot be seen when using 632.8 nm as excitation wavelength where the SERS performance does not change much with increasing argon plasma reduction time. Raman mapping of the strongest vibration mode of RhB at ν = 1650 cm−1 (–COOH) on different Ag substrates (different thicknesses and plasma treatment

Magnetic and luminescent coordination networks based on imidazolium salts and lanthanides for sensitive ratiometric thermometry

• Pierre Farger,
• Cédric Leuvrey,
• Mathieu Gallart,
• Pierre Gilliot,
• Guillaume Rogez,
• João Rocha,
• Duarte Ananias,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Emilie Delahaye

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2775–2787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.259

• , Supporting Information File 1). The broad band around 3250 cm−1 and the one at 1672 cm−1 are ascribed to the coordinated water (stretching and bending vibration modes, respectively). The vibration bands of the aromatic and aliphatic C–H bonds are observed in the range 3150–3050 cm−1 and 3050–2950 cm−1

• , respectively. The characteristic frequencies of the coordinating carboxylate functions are observed at 1627 and 1571 cm−1 (antisymmetric vibration bands) and at 1411 and 1431 cm−1 (symmetric vibration bands). It leads to Δν (Δν = νantisym − νsym) equal to 216 and 140 cm−1 in agreement with a bis-bidentate

Impact of the anodization time on the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ nanotubes

• Jesús A. Díaz-Real,
• Geyla C. Dubed-Bandomo,
• Juan Galindo-de-la-Rosa,
• Luis G. Arriaga,
• Janet Ledesma-García and
• Nicolas Alonso-Vante

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2628–2643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.244

• shifts. Two small peaks centered at 501 and 660 cm−1 were obtained after an instrumental artifact was canceled out by measuring a TiO2 control sample (Figure S2, Supporting Information File 1). The vibration at 660 cm−1 has been observed in titanate nanotubes and was attributed to Ti–O anatase vibrations

Effective sensor properties and sensitivity considerations of a dynamic co-resonantly coupled cantilever sensor

• Julia Körner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2546–2560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.237

• angular natural frequency (eigenfrequency) ω0 and the angular frequency of damped vibration (resonance frequency) ωd. The former remains unchanged in case of damping as it only depends on the properties spring constant k and effective mass meff of the system itself, i.e., = k/meff. The resonance

Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin-conjugated poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-modified γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles towards human tumor cells

• Zdeněk Plichta,
• Yulia Kozak,
• Rostyslav Panchuk,
• Viktoria Sokolova,
• Matthias Epple,
• Lesya Kobylinska,
• Pavla Jendelová and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2533–2545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.236

• and amide groups of MMAA, respectively. Peaks at 3083, 1649, and 889 cm−1 belonged to the CH2=, C=C stretching, and CH2= wagging vibrations of methacrylate, respectively. A strong asymmetric stretching vibration of C–O–C appeared at 1206 cm−1, while bending vibrations at 1454 and 1367 cm−1 were

Surface energy of nanoparticles – influence of particle size and structure

• Dieter Vollath,
• Franz Dieter Fischer and
• David Holec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2265–2276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.211

• Fermi–Dirac statistics (e.g., melting, ferromagnetism, diffusion, etc.) and s = 1 for properties related to quasi-particles following the Bose–Einstein statistics (e.g., superconductivity or vibration) [30][31][32]. Karasevskii [33] started with a different approach based on size dependent quantization

The role of adatoms in chloride-activated colloidal silver nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman scattering enhancement

• Nicolae Leopold,
• Andrei Stefancu,
• Krisztian Herman,
• István Sz. Tódor,
• Stefania D. Iancu,
• Vlad Moisoiu and
• Loredana F. Leopold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2236–2247, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.208

• vibration, indicating that a small proportion of Cl− ions are chemisorbed onto the silver surface. These chemisorbed Cl− ions form the SERS-active sites on the as-synthesized colloidal AgNPs which facilitate the recording of intense SERS spectra of cationic dye analytes (Figure 4). In contrast, the blank

• the Ag–Cl vibration band at 242 cm−1 is observed due to the additional chemisorption of Cl− ions onto the silver surface mediated by the Ag+, Mg2+ or Ca2+ (Figure 5A). Ag+ 10−4 M ions induce only a slight increase of the number of SERS-active sites, as can be deduced from the slight intensity increase

Nonlinear effect of carrier drift on the performance of an n-type ZnO nanowire nanogenerator by coupling piezoelectric effect and semiconduction

• Yuxing Liang,
• Shuaiqi Fan,
• Xuedong Chen and
• Yuantai Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1917–1925, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.183

• vibration is directly proportional to the amplitude of the boundary electric charge Qe. Thus, for convenience we define the quantity W, which is directly proportional to the output power of the ZNW generator. stands for the electric potential difference between the two electrodes and θ0 = γ + 3π/2. Figure

Quantitative comparison of wideband low-latency phase-locked loop circuit designs for high-speed frequency modulation atomic force microscopy

• Kazuki Miyata and
• Takeshi Fukuma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1844–1855, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.176

• cantilever thermal vibrations nth. These values were calculated using the following equation [1][33]: where kB, T, k, and A denote Boltzmann's constant, the absolute temperature, the cantilever spring constant, and the cantilever vibration amplitude, respectively. Qd* represents the apparent Q-factor in the

• vibration and that the noise generated inside the PLLs is negligible. The cut-off frequencies of the measured spectra correspond to the bandwidths listed in Table 1 and Table 2, as expected from the basic PLL principle. Overall, these results confirm that the developed PLLs can provide the optimal noise

Uniform cobalt nanoparticles embedded in hexagonal mesoporous nanoplates as a magnetically separable, recyclable adsorbent

• Can Zhao,
• Yuexiao Song,
• Tianyu Xiang,
• Wenxiu Qu,
• Shuo Lou,
• Xiaohong Yin and
• Feng Xin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1770–1781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.168

• characteristic adsorption bands at 1355 cm−1 and 790 cm−1 are assigned to the ν3 vibration and bending modes of CO32− within the interlayer of CoAl LDH, respectively (Figure S1a, Supporting Information File 1). The FTIR spectrum of LDH@PDA-2.5 shows two additional adsorption peaks at 1506 cm−1 and 1616 cm−1

• excellent of magnetic separation ability. The properties of carbon generated by carbonization of the surface PDA layer are illustrated in the Raman spectrum. As shown in Figure 6A, the typical D and G bands at around 1355 cm−1 and 1598 cm−1 are observed clearly, corresponding to the in-plane vibration mode

Multimodal noncontact atomic force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy investigations of organolead tribromide perovskite single crystals

• Yann Almadori,
• David Moerman,
• Jaume Llacer Martinez,
• Philippe Leclère and
• Benjamin Grévin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1695–1704, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.161

• ) at room temperature (RT) with in situ annealed Pt/Ir-coated silicon cantilevers (EFM, Nanosensors, resonance frequency in the 45–115 kHz range). Topographical imaging was performed in frequency modulation mode (FM-AFM) with negative frequency shifts of a few Hz and vibration amplitudes of a few tens

Toward the use of CVD-grown MoS₂ nanosheets as field-emission source

• Geetanjali Deokar,
• Nitul S. Rajput,
• Junjie Li,
• Francis Leonard Deepak,
• Wei Ou-Yang,
• Nicolas Reckinger,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Jean-Francois Colomer and
• Mustapha Jouiad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1686–1694, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.160

• spectrum of the as-synthesized MoS2 NSs, is shown in Figure 2a, indicating the characteristics of the 2H-MoS2 in-plane vibrational mode (E12g) at 383.1 cm−1 and the out-of-plane vibrational mode (A1g) at 408.3 cm−1 [22]. The difference in frequency between the two vibration modes is 25.2 cm−1, which

Nanocomposites comprised of homogeneously dispersed magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles and poly(methyl methacrylate)

• Sašo Gyergyek,
• David Pahovnik,
• Ema Žagar,
• Alenka Mertelj,
• Rok Kostanjšek,
• Miloš Beković,
• Marko Jagodič,
• Heinrich Hofmann and
• Darko Makovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1613–1622, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.153

• used with the nanoparticles. It is worth mentioning that a part of the hydroxyl groups in the original RA of technical grade (80% purity) was already esterified, as indicated by a small intensity peak at 4.88 ppm and a shoulder on the left-hand side of the vibration band of the carbonyl group in its 1H

• of the left-hand side of the vibration band of the carbonyl group confirm the formation of the methacrylic ester of RA (Supporting Information File 1, Figures S3, S4 and S5). The disappearance of the peak representing the MMA double bond in the 1H NMR spectrum of the RA-PMMA reveals the successful

• the carbon–oxygen stretching vibration and the difference between the asymmetric and symmetric stretching-vibration frequencies relative to the free carboxylate ion are indicative of a mononuclear bidentate complex. The absorption peak at 1736 cm−1, indicative of ester groups, is significantly

Closed polymer containers based on phenylboronic esters of resorcinarenes

• Tatiana Yu. Sergeeva,
• Rezeda K. Mukhitova,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Polina D. Klypina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1594–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.151

• attributed to the vibration of B–O ester bond at 1365 cm−1 confirms the boronate bonding between BA and SRA (see Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3). Besides, the stretching vibrations of C–H bonds at 3000–2800 cm−1 and the C–C aromatic bonds at 1525–1475 cm−1 as well as the deformational vibrations of

Electronic conduction during the formation stages of a single-molecule junction

• Atindra Nath Pal,
• Tal Klein,
• Ayelet Vilan and
• Oren Tal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1471–1477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.138

• scenarios in which a single-molecule junction is formed. Future control over such processes may pave the way for directed formation of preferred junction structures. Keywords: break junction; electron–vibration interactions; electronic transport; inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy; molecular

• junction; molecular vibration; quantum interference; shot noise; Introduction Single-molecule junctions serve as a versatile atomic-scale laboratory for quantum electronic transport [1][2]. The formation of such molecular junctions, where a molecule is suspended as a bridge between two metallic electrodes

• spectroscopy [11][12][13][14] can offer valuable information about the structure of the combined metallic and molecular junctions. When an applied voltage (V) across a molecular junction exceeds the energy (in eV) of a certain molecular vibration mode, some of the transmitted electrons lose energy to excite