Spatial Rabi oscillations between Majorana bound states and quantum dots

• Jun-Hui Zheng,
• Dao-Xin Yao and
• Zhi Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1527–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.143

• Majorana island consists of a one-dimensional topological superconductor such as a nanowire–superconductor hybrid structure and a ferromagnetic chain, with zero-energy Majorana bound states at the ends of the system. The wave functions of the two Majorana bound states overlap with each other, inducing an

Interplay between pairing and correlations in spin-polarized bound states

• Szczepan Głodzik,
• Aksel Kobiałka,
• Anna Gorczyca-Goraj,
• Andrzej Ptok,
• Grzegorz Górski,
• Maciej M. Maśka and
• Tadeusz Domański

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1370–1380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.129

• the Kondo and the leaking Majorana quasiparticle can be confronted with each other. These magnetically polarized YSR and Majorana quasiparticles as well as the subgap Kondo effect can be experimentally verified using tunneling heterostructures with ferromagnetic lead (STM tip). Results and Discussion

Proximity effect in a two-dimensional electron gas coupled to a thin superconducting layer

• Christopher Reeg,
• Daniel Loss and
• Jelena Klinovaja

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1263–1271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.118

• proposals to realize topological superconductivity that have received the most attention to date involve engineering Majorana bound states in either low-dimensional semiconducting systems [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] or in ferromagnetic atomic chains [24][25][26

Field-controlled ultrafast magnetization dynamics in two-dimensional nanoscale ferromagnetic antidot arrays

• Anulekha De,
• Sucheta Mondal,
• Sourav Sahoo,
• Saswati Barman,
• Yoshichika Otani,
• Rajib Kumar Mitra and
• Anjan Barman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1123–1134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.104

• for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 106, India 10.3762/bjnano.9.104 Abstract Ferromagnetic antidot arrays have emerged as a system of tremendous interest due to their interesting spin configuration and dynamics as well as their potential applications in magnetic storage

• triangular holes in future magnonic and spintronic devices. Keywords: ferromagnetic antidot lattice; magnonic crystal; micromagnetic simulations; spin-wave modes; time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect; Introduction Recent advances in nanofabrication techniques have resulted in artificially patterned

• magnetic metamaterials, known as magnonic crystals (MCs), which have great potential for technological applications and fundamental research [1][2]. Investigation and tailoring of the magnetization dynamics in ferromagnetic nanodots [3][4], nanowires [5] and antidots [6][7][8] have fuelled considerable

Single-crystalline FeCo nanoparticle-filled carbon nanotubes: synthesis, structural characterization and magnetic properties

• Rasha Ghunaim,
• Maik Scholz,
• Christine Damm,
• Bernd Rellinghaus,
• Rüdiger Klingeler,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Michael Mertig and
• Silke Hampel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1024–1034, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.95

• -prepared samples compared to the annealed samples and to the formation of a bulk-like ferromagnetic core and a shell composed of disordered moments [32][34][53]. The temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization of the annealed samples prepared by both filling routes indicated a change of less

• shielded by the carbon shell. To be specific, the presence of oxide layers would imply the presence of an antiferromagnetic shell around the ferromagnetic cores, i.e., the material would evolve the exchange bias effect where nanoparticles cooled under a magnetic field show a significant shift between the

Effect of ferroelectric BaTiO₃ particles on the threshold voltage of a smectic A liquid crystal

• Abbas R. Imamaliyev,
• Mahammadali A. Ramazanov and
• Shirkhan A. Humbatov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 824–828, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.76

• of other functional materials. In polymer-dispersed LCs used in flexible displays, small drops of LC are distributed in a polymer medium [5]. In colloidal LC composites, vice versa, micrometer- or submicrometer-sized particles of various nature (e.g., ferromagnetic or ferroelectric) are dispersed in

Anchoring Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in a reduced graphene oxide aerogel matrix via polydopamine coating

• Błażej Scheibe,
• Radosław Mrówczyński,
• Natalia Michalak,
• Karol Załęski,
• Michał Matczak,
• Mateusz Kempiński,
• Zuzanna Pietralik,
• Mikołaj Lewandowski,
• Stefan Jurga and
• Feliks Stobiecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 591–601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.55

• ][34], gas sensors [18] or even nanoswitches/actuators [22]. The magnetic properties of hybrid aerogels are related to the presence of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) which can be in ferromagnetic or superparamagnetic state and are embedded in aerogel matrix. Iron oxide nanoparticles, such as magnetite

• sheets [11][16][18][33][34]. This method is based on a simple single-step process; however, its main drawback is the lack of the control over nanoparticle synthesis. Therefore, as prepared iron oxide MNPs are often agglomerated (form ferromagnetic agglomerates) and heterogeneous in size and shape. The

Revealing the interference effect of Majorana fermions in a topological Josephson junction

• Jie Liu,
• Tiantian Yu and
• Juntao Song

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 520–529, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.50

• experimentally is related to ferromagnetic atomic chains, which are put on a trivial superconductor [15]. It is believed that MFs can generate a zero-bias conductance peak (ZBP) in the conductance spectrum [16][17][18][19], and indeed the signature of ZBPs has been observed in both systems in tunneling

Atomic layer deposition and properties of ZrO₂/Fe₂O₃ thin films

• Kristjan Kalam,
• Helina Seemen,
• Peeter Ritslaid,
• Mihkel Rähn,
• Aile Tamm,
• Kaupo Kukli,
• Aarne Kasikov,
• Joosep Link,
• Raivo Stern,
• Salvador Dueñas,
• Helena Castán and
• Héctor García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 119–128, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.14

• processes have been employed to prepare the samples. Ca- and Mg-stabilized cubic zirconia, prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), has shown ferromagnetic properties [3]. Magnetic properties of PLD-synthesized ZrO2, doped with Co, Fe, Mn or Ni, have been studied [4], showing that doping ZrO2 with Mn

• properties were characterized [5]. Upon annealing at 500 °C, the metastable cubic phase of ZrO2 was stabilized and ferromagnetic hysteresis of the nanocomposite film was confirmed. Saturation magnetization was measured to be ≈173 emu/g [5]. Undoped ZrO2, prepared by pulsed electron beam deposition [6] or

• reactive DC magnetron sputtering [7], also exhibited ferromagnetic properties. The undoped ZrO2 exhibited ferromagnetic properties mainly driven by oxygen vacancies. Monoclinic and tetragonal phases with similar amounts of oxygen vacancies were compared and ferromagnetism was only observed in the case of

Comparative study of post-growth annealing of Cu(hfac)₂, Co₂(CO)₈ and Me₂Au(acac) metal precursors deposited by FEBID

• Marcos V. Puydinger dos Santos,
• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Artur Rydosz,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Fanny Béron,
• Kleber R. Pirota,
• Stanislav Moshkalev,
• José Alexandre Diniz and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 91–101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.11

• ], ferromagnetic nanostructures for magnetic logic and memory [23][24][25], as well as functional core–shell ferromagnetic nanowires with improved magnetic properties [26] have already been realised through this technique. It is worth mentioning that the superior conductivity of Cu, compared to other non-noble

• -based devices [28]. Furthermore, the possibility of depositing 3D nanostructures with high aspect ratio makes FEBID an adequate tool for the fabrication of advanced scanning-probe systems, as well as high-resolution ferromagnetic probes for magnetic force microscopy (MFM) [29][30][31]. Nevertheless, the

Magnetic field induced orientational transitions in liquid crystals doped with carbon nanotubes

• Danil A. Petrov,
• Pavel K. Skokov and
• Alexander N. Zakhlevnykh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2807–2817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.280

• researchers [1]. This is not only because liquid crystals (LCs) have found wide application in modern optoelectronic devices [2] but also because anisometric particles orient like a LC in a medium that is capable of spontaneous orientational ordering. Examples of such media are suspensions of ferromagnetic or

• ferroelectric particles, as well as of carbon nanotubes. In 1970, Brochard and de Gennes proposed to dope nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) with elongated ferromagnetic particles [3]. The magnetic susceptibility of such composite system (called ferronematic), turned out to be several orders of magnitude higher

• ferronematics have been published [4][5], which indicates the interest in this kind of composite materials. Along with ferri- or ferromagnetic particles it is also possible to use carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in order to increase the magneto-orientational response of the LC matrix [6][7]. Due to the highly elongated

Dry adhesives from carbon nanofibers grown in an open ethanol flame

• Christian Lutz,
• Julia Syurik,
• C. N. Shyam Kumar,
• Christian Kübel,
• Michael Bruns and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2719–2728, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.271

• () acting away from the magnet. In principle there is a ferromagnetic force acting on the Ni catalysts below the Curie temperature of Nickel (360 °C). The temperature of the ethanol flame, however, is about 750 °C. Consequently, only a small paramagnetic force might act on the Ni catalysts () and the

• temperature a ferromagnetic or paramagnetic force acts on the Ni catalysts. Since the temperature of 750 °C in the ethanol flame is considerably higher than the Curie temperature of Ni (360 °C) only a small paramagnetic force acts on the Ni catalysts () in the direction towards the magnet. Consequently, as

Beyond Moore’s technologies: operation principles of a superconductor alternative

• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Alexander L. Gudkov and
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2689–2710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.269

• [82]. SFQ-to-current conversion can be realized also by superconducting–ferromagnetic transistors (SFTs) [83] or by “non-Josephson” devices such as an n-Tron [84]. The former is a three (or four) -terminal device comprising two stacked Josephson junctions. One of them, the “injector”, (containing

• ferromagnetic layer(s)) serves for injection of spin-polarized electrons in a common superconducting electrode of both junctions, thus suppressing its superconductivity. This manifests itself as redistribution of the superconducting current flowing through this electrode or as degradation of the critical

Ferrocholesteric–ferronematic transitions induced by shear flow and magnetic field

• Dmitriy V. Makarov,
• Alexander A. Novikov and
• Alexander N. Zakhlevnykh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2552–2561, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.255

• ; helix unwinding; liquid crystals; magnetic field; shear flow; Introduction The dispersing of nanoparticles of different nature (e.g., carbon nanotubes, ferromagnetic or ferroelectric particles, quantum dots, silica particles) into liquid crystals (LCs) leads to a change in the properties of the

• mechanism of interaction between the LC and an external magnetic field, the addition of magnetic particles into the LC leads to the appearance of an additional dipole mechanism of the influence on the system. Some types of synthesized ferroliquid crystals have ferromagnetic properties and are highly

• transition field Hc = πHq/2 [13]. A comparison of the elastic F1 and ferromagnetic F3 contributions determines one more typical field , which corresponds to the ferrocholesteric–ferronematic transition field with the predominance of the dipole mechanism of the magnetic field effect over the quadrupole

Dynamic behavior of a nematic liquid crystal mixed with CoFe₂O₄ ferromagnetic nanoparticles in a magnetic field

• Emil Petrescu,
• Cristina Cirtoaje and
• Cristina Stan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2467–2473, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.246

• and only a small distortion angle of the liquid crystal molecular director is observed. A comparison with a previously developed theoretical model confirms this small deviation. Keywords: ferromagnetic nanoparticles; Fréedericksz transition; Introduction Currently, there is a high interest in the

• theoretical analysis of suspensions of ferromagnetic particles in water, the so-called ferrofluids [1], or in liquid crystals [2][3][4][5][6][7][8], as well as in related experimental studies [9][10]. Optical phase modulation can be easily achieved in nematic liquid crystals (LC) subjected to external fields

• reason is the long response time of liquid crystals to the field action. The second reason is the high threshold for the Fréedericksz transition, which requires powerful DC voltage sources and large electromagnets. By using ferromagnetic particles, the response time can be reduced, but at the cost of a

Towards molecular spintronics

• Georgeta Salvan and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2464–2466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.245

• guests with topics beyond the molecular systems investigated in our Research Unit, for example: theoretical predictions on metal/C60 interfaces [16], magneto-resistive donor/acceptor transistors [17], spin-crossover complexes [18], ferromagnetic thin films obtained from organic blends [19], and

Magnetic properties of optimized cobalt nanospheres grown by focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) on cantilever tips

• Soraya Sangiao,
• César Magén,
• Darius Mofakhami,
• Grégoire de Loubens and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2106–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.210

• reports on Co-FEBID, which have confirmed this layer to be non-ferromagnetic [50]. Furthermore, a thin layer containing carbon and oxygen of about 7 nm is formed due to contamination before and during the electron beam irradiation in the TEM experiment. As a result, the average diameter of cobalt under

Electronic structure, transport, and collective effects in molecular layered systems

• Torsten Hahn,
• Tim Ludwig,
• Carsten Timm and
• Jens Kortus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2094–2105, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.209

• ferromagnetic Fe thin film exhibits pronounced spin dependence. These investigations suggest the possibility of versatile applications in spintronic devices. The calculations on model systems with gold contacts show that it is possible to obtain spin-polarized currents from both phthalocyanine-based devices

Spin-dependent transport and functional design in organic ferromagnetic devices

• Guichao Hu,
• Shijie Xie,
• Chuankui Wang and
• Carsten Timm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1919–1931, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.192

• .8.192 Abstract Organic ferromagnets are intriguing materials in that they combine ferromagnetic and organic properties. Although challenges in their synthesis still remain, the development of organic spintronics has triggered strong interest in high-performance organic ferromagnetic devices. This review

• first introduces our theory for spin-dependent electron transport through organic ferromagnetic devices, which combines an extended Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model with the Green’s function method. The effects of the intrinsic interactions in the organic ferromagnets, including strong electron–lattice

• interaction and spin–spin correlation between π-electrons and radicals, are highlighted. Several interesting functional designs of organic ferromagnetic devices are discussed, specifically the concepts of a spin filter, multi-state magnetoresistance, and spin-current rectification. The mechanism of each

(Metallo)porphyrins for potential materials science applications

• Lars Smykalla,
• Carola Mende,
• Michael Fronk,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Michael Hietschold,
• Georgeta Salvan,
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Tobias Rüffer and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1786–1800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.180

• implementation of ferromagnetic substrates would enable interesting physical phenomena such as spintronic capabilities. On the other hand, the possibility of choosing different thicknesses of CuTPP(OMe)4 allows for a quantitative investigation of the transport properties in order to identify dominant transport

• (metallo)porphyrin-based devices. We concluded that such studies would allow one to find suitable (metallo)porphyrins to explore interesting fields such as spintronic applications by coupling for example ferromagnetic substrates with suitable porphyrin structures. Consequently, we started to synthesize two

Adsorption and diffusion characteristics of lithium on hydrogenated α- and β-silicene

• Fadil Iyikanat,
• Ali Kandemir,
• Cihan Bacaksiz and
• Hasan Sahin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1742–1748, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.175

• -hydrogenated silicene exhibits ferromagnetic semiconducting behavior with a band gap of 0.95 eV [27]. Hydrogenation leads indirect-to-direct gap transitions in bilayer silicene [28]. In the experimental study of Qiu et al., the ordered and reversible hydrogenation of silicene was performed [29]. Moreover

Light-induced magnetoresistance in solution-processed planar hybrid devices measured under ambient conditions

• Sreetama Banerjee,
• Daniel Bülz,
• Danny Reuter,
• Karla Hiller,
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn and
• Georgeta Salvan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1502–1507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.150

• vinylene) [6][7] derivatives have been found to exhibit an OMAR effect as an intrinsic material property without any spin injection from ferromagnetic materials. Even though OMAR has been extensively investigated over the last few years, most of the studies on OMAR have been carried out mainly on vertical

Formation of ferromagnetic molecular thin films from blends by annealing

• Peter Robaschik,
• Ye Ma,
• Salahud Din and
• Sandrine Heutz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1469–1475, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.146

• Abstract We report on a new approach for the fabrication of ferromagnetic molecular thin films. Co-evaporated films of manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) and tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) have been produced by organic molecular beam deposition (OMBD) on rigid (glass, silicon) and flexible (Kapton

• information about the chemical composition and structure of the films. Furthermore superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry measurements reveal the ferromagnetic behaviour of the β-MnPc films, which exhibit remarkable coercivity. The opening of the hysteresis loop is preserved at

• crystals [10][11][28][34]. Conclusion We report on an approach to fabricate ferromagnetic β-MnPc films by annealing of MnPc:TCNQ blends, which reduces the process temperature by 60 °C compared to the preparation procedure starting from a neat MnPc film. The resulting films form large elongated crystallites

Spin-chemistry concepts for spintronics scientists

• Konstantin L. Ivanov,
• Alexander Wagenpfahl,
• Carsten Deibel and
• Jörg Matysik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1427–1445, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.143

• thin organic semiconductor layer is sandwiched between two ferromagnetic electrodes [24]. A spin-polarized current is injected from one of these electrodes and transported through the semiconductor. Another type also implements spin current, but without charge current, in the structure ferromagnetic

• metal/organic semiconductor/nonmagnetic metal, in which the first interface induces spin pumping [25]. Other devices do not rely on spin manipulation by ferromagnetic layers, but on the intrinsic properties of the organic semiconductor to show, for instance, organic magnetoresistance [26]. These devices

Deposition of exchange-coupled dinickel complexes on gold substrates utilizing ambidentate mercapto-carboxylato ligands

• Martin Börner,
• Laura Blömer,
• Marcus Kischel,
• Peter Richter,
• Georgeta Salvan,
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Maria E. N. Fuentes,
• Carlos C. B. Bufon,
• Daniel Grimm,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Daniel Breite,
• Bernd Abel and
• Berthold Kersting

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1375–1387, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.139

• susceptibility measurements (for 7 and 8) and (broken symmetry) density functional theory (DFT) calculations. An S = 2 ground state is demonstrated by temperature-dependent susceptibility and magnetization measurements, achieved by ferromagnetic coupling between the spins of the Ni(II) ions in 7 (J = +22.3 cm−1

• characterized by an S = 2 ground state that is attained by a net ferromagnetic exchange interaction with J values ranging from approximately +15 to +25 cm−1 (H = −2JS1S2) [50]. To gain insight into the magnetic properties of the present complexes, variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility data were measured

• an intramolecular ferromagnetic exchange interaction. This would lead to an St = 2 ground state, in agreement with other carboxylato-bridged compounds supported by L. The decrease in χMT below 20 K can be attributed to zero-field splitting of Ni(II) [51]. The magnetic moment data were analyzed in