Modern synthetic pathways towards eribulin and its subunits

• Sebastian Dominik Graf

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 495–526, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.37

• within their isolation study on halichondrin B, in 1986, Hirata and Uemura showed its promising activity against murine cancer cells [6], which led to a great interest in the pharmaceutical society [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Only 6 years later, Kishi and co-workers first

• ][71]. In 2016, Bauer already reported on the current state of research, focusing on contributions from Kishi and co-workers and the Eisai process [71]. However, due to the great demand of 1, this research field continues to grow. In this context, the following review should summarize and explain

• modern approaches towards the key fragments and total synthetic strategies for 1 in recent years. Review In 2016, Konda and co-workers reported two approaches for the assembly of the tetrasubstituted tetrahydrofuran unit of 1 (Scheme 2 and Scheme 3) [72]. For the first path, (S,S)-tartaric acid (13) was

Synthesis of a HDAC inhibitor–nanogold probe for cryo-EM visualization in class I HDAC co-repressor complexes

• Wiktoria A. Pytel,
• John W. R. Schwabe and
• James T. Hodgkinson

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 480–485, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.35

• LE1 7RH, UK 10.3762/bjoc.22.35 Abstract Class I histone deacetylases (HDACs 1–3) serve as catalytic subunits within seven multiprotein co-repressor complexes, each of which has distinct functions in the cell. We report the synthesis of a HDAC inhibitor–nanogold probe, derived from the class I HDAC

• inhibitor CI-994, for cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) visualization of the HDAC catalytic domain within class I HDAC co-repressor complexes. The nanogold probe retained HDAC inhibitory activity comparable to CI-994 against the HDAC1-LSD1-CoREST complex in vitro. In cryo-EM studies, 2D class averages

• domain within the CoREST complex. Keywords: CI-994; co-repressor complex; CoREST; cryo-EM; gold nanoparticle; HDAC; Introduction Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of acetyl groups from N-acetylated lysine residues in histone proteins. HDACs are also capable of the deacetylation

Recent advances in the stereoselective synthesis of distal biaxially chiral molecules

• Fanxing Zhou,
• Chen Zhang,
• Lingyu Sun,
• Yiyun Fang,
• Siming Zheng,
• Lina Hu,
• Mengyang Shen,
• Zhen Zhao,
• Wei Xu,
• Yunqiang Sun and
• Zi-Qiang Rong

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 461–479, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.34

• demonstrated that such one-step catalytic approaches not only streamline the synthesis of structurally complex biaxial molecules but also open new avenues for their applications in catalysis, drug discovery, and functional materials. In 2004, Shibata and co-workers reported a novel iridium-catalyzed asymmetric

• [41]. This strategy delivered excellent enantioselectivity, diastereoselectivity, and overall efficiency, underscoring its unique advantages in the synthesis of multiaxially chiral scaffolds. In parallel, Tanaka and co-workers advanced a [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition strategy to realize an asymmetric

• studies have further broadened the synthetic toolbox for remote biaxial chirality. Du and co-workers designed a series of chiral phosphoric acid catalysts derived from protected axially chiral diols 13, employing a boronic acid-mediated coupling strategy to construct remote biaxially chiral phosphoric

Concept-driven strategies in target-oriented synthesis

• David Yu-Kai Chen,
• Chao Li and
• Yefeng Tang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 451–454, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.32

• , Xuefeng Jiang and co-worker), convergent synthesis (khayanolide limonoids, Li Zhang, Peirong Rao et al.), stereodivergent synthesis (aspera chaetominines, Pei-Qiang Huang et al.), 1,3-diol desymmetrization (review, Zhifeng Shi, Zhiquiang Ma et al.), 1,3-dicarbonyl reductive desymmetrization (review, Fu

• -She Han and co-worker), bioinspired synthesis (review, Huilin Li, Xuegong She et al.), biosynthesis (fusicoccane diterpenoids, Yonghui Zhang, Ying Ye, Zheng Xiang et al.), chemoenzymatic synthesis (rhodexin A, Qianghui Zhou et al.)]; (ii) comparative analysis of target-oriented synthesis [complanadine

• A (review, Mingji Dai and co-worker), ryania diterpenoids (review, Jin-Bao Qiao, Yu-Ming Zhao and co-worker), illisimonin A (review, Ming Yang and co-worker)]; and (iii) methodology towards target-oriented synthesis [oxidative dearomatization (simonsol C, Hong-Bo Qin et al.), reductive

Synthesis and anti-cancer activity of naphthalimide–organylselanyl conjugates

• Rajkumar Ravi and
• Selvakumar Karuthapandi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 416–435, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.29

• cancer cell line. Molecular docking simulation revealed strong binding interaction and affinities towards the tyrosine kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and the protein–ligand interaction resembles the interaction found in the co-crystallised protein–erlotinib complex. Result and

• conformation (4HJO). The docking results revealed that both ligands fit well within the binding pocket of the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain. The binding interactions were further validated by comparison with the crystal structures of the active (1M17) and inactive (4HJO) forms of EGFR complexed with the co

• carbonyl oxygen surface promotes hydrogen-bond formation. The binding site interactions of compounds 7 and 8 with the tyrosine kinase were further validated by comparison with the crystal structure of 1M17 with co-crystallised ligand erlotinib (Figure 9c), showing that both compounds form similar active

Cone p-aminocalix[4]arenes enriched with ‘clickable’ alkyne or azide functionalities

• Ilia Korniltsev,
• Vasily Bazhenov,
• Alexander Gorbunov,
• Dmitry Cheshkov,
• Stanislav Bezzubov,
• Vladimir Kovalev and
• Ivan Vatsouro

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 399–415, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.28

• calixarene tetraaryl- and tetraarylsulfonylureas if co-dissolved in a 1:1 molar ratio [51][52][53]. Furthermore, tetraureas 47–51 contain relatively bulky substituents at the phenolic oxygen atoms, which may influence the conformational behavior of the macrocycle (e.g., pinched cone-to-pinched cone

Dialkylaminoalkylation of β-ketosulfones via ring-opening of 3-sulfonylpyrrolidines

• Evgeny M. Buev,
• Alexander V. Pavlushin,
• Vladimir S. Moshkin and
• Vyacheslav Y. Sosnovskikh

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 383–389, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.26

• , sarcosine, and paraformaldehyde in PhMe/MTBE, followed by treatment of the reaction mixture with an alkyl halide, and subsequent heating of the precipitated quaternary ammonium salt in the presence of Cs₂CO₃ and a nucleophile – we proceeded to apply this methodology to other β-ketosulfones. Next, we

• -amine (5) in 77% yield (Scheme 4). This observation prompted us to examine methoxy and morpholine adducts 4a and 4o in the same process that resulted in the isolation of sulfonylamine 5 in 69 and 48%, respectively. The literature search revealed that previously Langler and co-authors observed the

Electrosynthetic access to unsymmetrical oxaza[8]helicenes with high chiral stability and strong circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)

• Tin Zar Aye,
• Rubal Sharma,
• Muthu Karuppasamy,
• Daiya Suzuki,
• Haruka Nakajima,
• Yoshitane Imai,
• Mitsuhiro Arisawa,
• Mohamed S. H. Salem and
• Shinobu Takizawa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 372–382, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.25

• comparatively underdeveloped [30], despite the appealing prospect of higher barriers to enantiomerization and richer optoelectronic behavior [31]. In 2021, Yorimitsu and co-workers disclosed a series of symmetric dihetero[8]helicenes I–IV that exhibited intriguing chiroptical properties utilizing the

• characteristic transformations of the organosulfur functionality [32][33]. In 2024, Badani, Karnik, and co-workers accessed one member of this class, 7,12-dioxa[8]helicene I, through a sequence featuring photochemical E–Z isomerization, electrocyclization, and oxidative aromatization [34]. In parallel, Liu and

• co-workers introduced the π-extended azabora[8]helicene V with exceptional chiroptical signals and high brightness, emphasizing the promise of this class of chiral molecules (Scheme 1A) [35]. Despite these advances, unsymmetrical hetero[8]helicenes – where heteroatoms occupy non-equivalent positions

Ring contraction and ring expansion reactions in terpenoid biosynthesis and their application to total synthesis

• Nicolas Kratena,
• Nicolas Heinzig and
• Peter Gärtner

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 289–343, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.21

• , thousands of closely related compounds could be identified. Among these, the more structurally interesting, rearranged or highly oxidised members can often only be vaguely traced back to their biogenetic origin based on co-isolation and biochemical intuition. Synthetic approaches can sometimes help to solve

• elucidated by Dickschat and co-workers in 2023, describing the biosynthesis of the spirocyclic diterpene spiroluchuene A (20, see Scheme 5), catalysed by the synthase AlTS (Aspergillus luchuensis terpene synthase) [70]. Geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP, 12) is initially cyclised through the well-known 1,10

• carbocation 29d, according to the mechanistic proposal by Coates [81]. By interception of the cation with water we arrive at presilphiperfolan-8β-ol (31) Dickschat and co-workers reported an example for a ring contraction during the biosynthesis of sodorifen (32) [82]. The cyclisation is triggered by the C

Spirobarbiturates with a pyrrolizidine moiety: synthesis, structure and biological evaluation

• Arthur A. Puzyrkov,
• Andrew S. Drachuk,
• Ekaterina A. Popova,
• Alexander V. Stepakov and
• Vitali M. Boitsov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 274–288, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.20

• ]. In 2018, Kota and Sreevani prepared spirobarbiturates via a Mo(CO)6-catalyzed intermolecular [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of propargyl halides with dipropargylbarbituric acid [24]. Almeida and colleagues described the formation of spiroindoline barbiturates via thermal rearrangement of 2,1-benzisoxazole

• determines cell motility, and its structural organization can serve as an indicator of the metastatic potential of tumor cells [63][64][65]. The presence of stress fibers and filopodia-like protrusions were used to evaluate the Sk-mel-2 cells' actin cytoskeleton structure after their co-incubation with spiro

• -fused adducts 4f, 4g, 4i, 4k, and 4l. Confocal microscopy showed that co-incubation of Sk-mel-2 cells with adducts 4f, 4g, 4i, 4k, and 4l led to significant changes in the structure of their actin cytoskeleton resulting in stress fibers disappearance (granular actin was found in the cytoplasm of up to

Arene activation via π-bond localization: concepts and opportunities

• Paul Meiners,
• Julian J. Melder and
• Tobias Morack

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 257–273, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.19

• –Alder reactions with several electron-deficient dienes, furnishing distinctive methano-bridged structures (Figure 3C) [32][33][34][35]. Similarly, small cyclophanes are known to act as reactive dienes in Diels–Alder chemistry [36][37]. More recently, Lu and co-workers reported the unusually facile

• chemical literature, underscoring the potential of this strategy as a powerful platform for molecular discovery and medicinal chemistry. A similar strategic approach was utilized by Harman and co-workers to transform η2-coordinated anisole into a library of 3,6-substituted cyclohexenes with distinct

• early example was reported by Stille and co-worker in 1978, who elegantly demonstrated the formation of an η3-benzyl–palladium complex via oxidative addition of Pd(0) to a benzyl halide (Scheme 5C) [73]. Detailed stereochemical and NMR analyses revealed a temperature- and solvent-dependent equilibrium

A mild and atom-efficient four-component cascade strategy for the construction of biologically relevant 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives

• Dmitrii A. Grishin,
• Kseniia I. Sharkovskaia,
• Ilya G. Kolmakov,
• Daria A. Ipatova,
• Rostislav A. Petrov,
• Nikolai D. Dagaev,
• Dmitry A. Skvortsov,
• Maria G. Khrenova,
• Valeriy V. Andreychev,
• Sergei A. Evteev,
• Yan A. Ivanenkov,
• Roman L. Antipin,
• Olga А. Dontsova and
• Elena K. Beloglazkina

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 244–256, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.18

• reactions catalyzed by diverse agents (Scheme 1). For instance, in 2013, Shi et al. described a three-component reaction involving 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one, an aromatic aldehyde, and Meldrum’s acid, catalyzed by ʟ-proline under heating [37]. In the same year, Kurosh Rad-Moghadam and co-workers developed

Configuration–packing synergy enabling integrated crystalline-state RTP and amorphous-state TADF

• Ruiyan Wang and
• Yunan Wu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 224–236, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.16

• Ruiyan Wang Yunan Wu Sendelta International School, Shenzhen 518038, China Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400014, China New Materials Research Institute of CASCHEM (Chongqing) Co., Ltd, Chongqing 400714, China 10.3762/bjoc.22.16

• Technology Co., Ltd.; 3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenylboronic acid (5) was obtained from Sukailu Co., Ltd.; glacial acetic acid, anhydrous sodium sulfate, dichloromethane, n-hexane, ethanol, chloroform, and tetrahydrofuran were supplied by Guangzhou Chemical Reagents Co., Ltd. All reagents were used as received

Synthesis of diaryl phosphates using phytic acid as a phosphorus source

• Kazuya Asao,
• Seika Matsumoto,
• Haruka Mori,
• Riku Yoshimura,
• Takeshi Sasaki,
• Naoya Hirata,
• Yasuyuki Hayakawa and
• Shin-ichi Kawaguchi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 213–223, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.15

• Research, Saga University, 152-1 Shonan-cho, Karatsu, Saga 847-0021, Japan Nippon Concrete Industries Co., Ltd., 4-6-14 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8560, Japan 10.3762/bjoc.22.15 Abstract Phytic acid is a phosphorus-rich molecule, which is produced by plants using water-soluble phosphates absorbed from

• overnight. The next day, the suspension was centrifuged (2000g, 10 min), and the supernatant was removed. The remaining pellets were resuspended in an appropriate amount of methanol, and the suspension was filtered via vacuum filtration using ADVANTEC No. 2 filter paper (ADVANTEC TOYO Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

• ). The residue was washed with methanol and dried under vacuum overnight. Finally, 2.52 g of the crude sodium phytate was obtained as a white solid. Purification of extracted phytic acid Well-conditioned DOWEX 50W × 2 100–200 mesh (H) cation exchange resin (Dow Chemical Co., Midland, MI, USA) (60 mL) was

Screwing the helical chirality through terminal peri-functionalization

• Devesh Chandra,
• Sachin and
• Upendra Sharma

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 205–212, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.14

• through a catalytic kinetic resolution (KR) process was developed by Liu and co-workers [32]. The authors screened a range of organocatalysts, i.e., Takemoto’s thiourea catalyst, (S,S)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine-derived thioureas, cinchona alkaloid-derived thiourea, and squaramides to achieve the desired

• helical chiral entities was reported by Wang and co-workers. They reported an organocatalyzed asymmetric synthesis of phosphorus-containing chiral helicenes enabled by dynamic kinetic resolution using copper and peptide-mimetic phosphonium salts, i.e. amino acid-derived phosphonium iodide and bromide as

Streptoquinolines A and B, new antibacterial meroterpenoids produced by Streptomyces sp. TMPU-A0679

• Akiho Yagi,
• Hitomi Tomura,
• Ami Konno and
• Ryuji Uchida

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 185–191, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.12

• Kyokuto Pharmaceutical Co. (Tokyo, Japan). All other chemicals used in this study were of special grade. General experimental procedures HRESIMS spectra were recorded using a mass spectrometer (Xevo G2-XS QTof, Waters Co., Milford, MA, USA). NMR spectra were acquired on a spectrometer (JNM-AL-400; JEOL

• crude materials containing 1 and 2 (23.5 mg). These materials were finally purified by preparative HPLC: column, Develosil C30-UG (Nomura Chemical Co., Ltd., Aichi, Japan), i.d. 10 × 250 mm; mobile phase, 55% MeCN aq. isocratic; detection, UV at 210 nm; flow rate, 3.0 mL /min. Under these conditions

Improved synthesis and physicochemical characterization of the selective serotonin 2A receptor agonist 25CN-NBOH

• Adrian G. Rossebø,
• Hannah G. Kolberg,
• Anders E. Tønder,
• Louise Kjaerulff,
• Poul Erik Hansen,
• Karla A. Frydenvang,
• Jesper Østergaard and
• Jesper L. Kristensen

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 175–184, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.11

• through a 0.45 µm PVDF filter (Ø = 4 mm, Phenomenex) with the first 400 µL being discarded. Samples were diluted with ultrapure water before measurement by a UV spectrophotometry at 241 nm using 10 mm micro quartz cuvettes (Hellma GmbH & Co. KG, Müllheim, Germany) and a Cary 60 UV–vis spectrophotometer

A new synthesis of Tyrian purple (6,6’-dibromoindigo) and its corresponding sulfonate salts

• Holly Helmers,
• Mark Horton,
• Julie Concepcion,
• Jeffrey Bjorklund and
• Nicholas C. Boaz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 167–174, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.10

• ) and concentrated sulfuric acid (Scheme 7A). The trisulfonated 6,6’-dibromo-5,5’,7-indigotrisulfonic acid trisodium salt (10) was produced by heating 1 in oleum (20% free SO3), as shown in Scheme 7B. Although monosulfonation of indigo was reported by Sullivan and co-workers, an analogous reaction was

• and co-workers reported a 10% yield over 5 steps from p-toluidine, Wolk and Frimer reported a 25% yield over 5 steps from p-dibromobenzene, while Voß and Gerlach reported a yield of 61% over 3 steps from 1,4-dibromo-2-nitrobenzene, although specialized techniques were required [8][33][34]. We believe

Circumventing Mukaiyama oxidation: selective S–O bond formation via sulfenamide–alcohol coupling

• Guoling Huang,
• Huarui Zhu,
• Shuting Zhou,
• Wanlin Zheng,
• Fangpeng Liang,
• Zhibo Zhao,
• Yifei Chen and
• Xunbo Lu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 158–166, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.9

• preparation of sulfinimidate esters remain scarce. For instance, Degennaro and Luisi reported a direct amination strategy using N,N’-disubstituted sulfenamides in alcoholic solvents; however, this method suffered from limited substrate scope [13]. Subsequently, Malacria and co-workers reported an oxidative

• previously disclosed a PIDA-mediated oxidative strategy for alcohol incorporation via activation of the S–NH bond (Scheme 1a) [14]. More recently, Wu and co-workers advanced the field by developing a dynamic kinetic resolution protocol for the enantioselective synthesis of sulfinimidate esters from racemic

Design and synthesis of an axially chiral platinum(II) complex and its CPL properties in PMMA matrix

• Daiki Tauchi,
• Sota Ogura,
• Misa Sakura,
• Kazunori Tsubaki and
• Masashi Hasegawa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 143–150, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.7

• aim to explore the development of materials exhibiting circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). However, most reported chiral pincer-type platinum(II) complexes utilize point chirality as the chiral element. For instance, Zhong and co-workers reported a chiral platinum(II) complex bearing a leucine

• -derived pendant group, which exhibited aggregation-enhanced red phosphorescence and CPL properties in the solid states [20], while Yam and co-workers also reported pincer-type platinum(II) complexes containing chiral amine moieties, and investigated their aggregation behavior and chiroptical properties

Symmetrical D–π–A–π–D indanone dyes: a new design for nonlinear optics and cyanide detection

• Ergin Keleş,
• Alberto Barsella,
• Nurgül Seferoğlu,
• Zeynel Seferoğlu and
• Burcu Aydıner

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 131–142, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.6

• proposed mechanism was investigated in more detail by DFT studies. It is given in the next section. In order to examine the sensitivity of the dyes to anions in aqueous media, firstly, the best ratio with DMSO as a co-solvent for aqueous medium was determined. For this purpose, absorption spectra were

Total synthesis of natural products based on hydrogenation of aromatic rings

• Haoxiang Wu and
• Xiangbing Qi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 88–122, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.4

• in the presence of metal catalysts including Pd or Ir and different ligands. In 2021 and 2022, Wang and co-workers reported two impressive hydroboration–hydrogenation reactions catalyzed by FLP (triarylphenylborane) that reduced pyridine compounds 11 or 15 to dihydropyridine compounds 12 or chiral

• piperidine 17 (Scheme 3) [43][44]. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the nitrogen atoms present in both pyridine and piperidine complexed with the triarylborane, cleaving the H–H bond and reducing the pyridine. In 2022, Xiao and co-workers reported a study on the conversion of isolated pyridinium salts

• be noted that in the presence of water, the reaction would undergo transamination with the pyridinium nitrogen moiety while inducing chirality on the ring. Hydrogenation of carbocyclic aromatic rings: In 2021, Andersson and co-workers reported a rhodium-catalyst precursor capable of operating in both

Advances in Zr-mediated radical transformations and applications to total synthesis

• Hiroshige Ogawa and
• Hugh Nakamura

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 71–87, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.3

• photoredox catalyst, homolytic C–O bond cleavage occurred, generating alkyl radicals 50. These radicals abstracted a hydrogen atom from γ-terpinene, affording the corresponding alkanes. In this reaction, oxo-bridged dimeric zirconocene was employed. This catalytic system was first reported by Romero and co

Synthesis and applications of alkenyl chlorides (vinyl chlorides): a review

• Daniel S. Müller

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 1–63, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.1

• Synthesis of Acetylenes” [29] which discusses the preparation of alkenyl chlorides via ketone chlorination using PCl5 (Figure 3A). The synthesis of β-chlorovinyl ketones was later reviewed by Poland and Benson in 1966 (Figure 3B) [30]. More recently, Morandi and co-workers summarized transition-metal

• -catalyzed C–halogen bond formation (Figure 3E) [36]. Exchange reactions were reviewed by Evano and Nitelet in 2018 (Figure 3F) [37]. In 2020, Gandelman and co-workers provided an overview of decarboxylative chlorination reactions of carboxylic acids (Figure 3G) [38]. Hoveyda’s 2023 review highlights

• co-workers published a mini-review in 2013, written in Chinese, summarizing advances in the synthesis of vinyl chlorides [43]. As illustrated by the summary of existing reviews (Figure 3), the synthesis of alkenyl chlorides encompasses a wide range of mechanistically distinct strategies. An overview

Tandem hydrothiocyanation/cyclization of CF₃-iminopropargyl alcohols with NaSCN in the presence of AcOH

• Ruslan S. Shulgin,
• Ol’ga G. Volostnykh,
• Anton V. Stepanov,
• Igor’ A. Ushakov,
• Alexander V. Vashchenko and
• Olesya A. Shemyakina

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2694–2702, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.207

• ionic liquid- [16] or lactic acid-catalyzed [17] reactions of alkynoates, KSCN and water under ultrasound conditions as well as by the reactions of alkynoates, KSCN and water using deep eutectic solvents [18]. Reddy and co-workers [19] proposed an approach to thiocyano enones through the

• ). Increasing the quantity of acetic acid in the reaction mixture improved the product yields, especially for 2,5-dihydrofuran 3a (Table 1, entries 10 and 11). The best yield (76%) of 2a was obtained using acetic acid as co-solvent in a 3:1 (v/v) mixture of MeCN and AcOH (Table 1, entry 12); in this way a total