One-pot four-component sequential synthesis of S-alkyl dithiocarbamates using lipase as a biocatalyst

• Mansour Shahedi,
• Pargol Tahmasebi pour and
• Zohreh Habibi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 1048–1056, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.83

• chromatography (TLC) plates (eluting with n-hexane/ethyl acetate). Biologically active S-alkyl dithiocarbamates. Previous works and this work for the sequential one-pot four-component synthesis of S-alkyl dithiocarbamates. Formation of the thiourea by-product. Scope of reaction with aldehydes and cyclic amines

Synthesis of novel 1,2,4-oxadiazole-isoxazoline hybrids and their in silico potential with adenosine receptors

• Pshtiwan S. Mohammed,
• Mohammed K. S. Dalo,
• Onur C. Yazıcı,
• Muhammet Yildirim and
• Akın Sağırlı

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 1033–1047, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.82

• isoxazoline, 1,2,4-oxadiazole and biologically active 1,2,4-oxadizole, isoxazole and isoxazoline-based molecules or drugs. Various adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and 1,2,4-oxadiazole type inhibitors in clinical trials. 3D and 2D binding interactions of best scoring

Rh(III)-catalyzed chelation-assisted C–H activation/annulation of 2-arylimidazolines with cyclic diazo-1,3-dicarbonyl compounds: a novel approach to tetracyclic annulated derivatives of 2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinoline

• Ivan Lyutin,
• Grigory Kantin,
• Olga Bakulina and
• Dmitry Dar'in

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 997–1003, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.78

• for the creation of more potent medications and the hunt for novel biologically active compounds. One important group of these are imidazoline derivatives since they are well known as pharmacophores [1] for adrenergic and imidazoline receptors. Imidazolines have found utility in the development of

• biologically active compounds. a,b) Structure of biologically active 2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolines (1) and their published syntheses. c) A novel approach to annulated 2,3-dihydroimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolines via chelation-assisted C–H activation/annulation of 2-arylimidazolines proposed in this work. d

Electrochemical reduction of unsaturated carbon–carbon bonds via 3d transition-metal catalysis

• Geon Kang,
• Minki Jeon,
• Pooja Kumari Jat,
• Cheoljae Kim and
• Isaac Choi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 955–981, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.75

• exhibits a broad substrate scope, high efficiency, excellent functional-group tolerance, and consistently high levels of deuterium incorporation (Scheme 5Bi) [100][101]. Notably, the transformation proceeds efficiently with derivatives of biologically active molecules, such as serine and niflumic acid

Recent advances in copper-catalyzed direct hydroamination of alkenes with (hetero)aromatic amines

• Hyejeong Lee and
• Yunmi Lee

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 925–947, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.73

• β-amino nitrile motifs, which are commonly found in biologically active molecules. However, the relatively low nucleophilicity of aromatic amines and N-heteroaromatic substrates often limits their reactivity in conjugate addition reactions. To overcome this limitation, transition metal catalysis has

Palladium-catalyzed benzocyclization reactions of quinoline-2-carboxamides via sequential C–H/N–H functionalization

• Shoichi Sugita,
• Kentaro Okano and
• Atsunori Mori

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 905–914, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.71

• intriguing moiety in biologically active compounds (e.g., natural products used for medicines, quinine, and quinidine [5][6][7]) and synthesized pharmaceutical agents (e.g., quinolone antibiotics [8]). Moreover, quinoline-2-carboxamide derivatives are used as ligands in organic synthesis owing to their high

• metal affinity [9][10]. It is therefore expected that annulation of the amide moiety in quinoline-2-carboxamides would extend their functionality as biologically active structures, ligands, and extractants. Transition-metal-catalyzed coupling reactions are crucial for constructing carbon–carbon and

Synthesis and structural elucidation of a novel bis-spirooxindole from isatin and ethylenediamine

• Irene Moreno-Gutiérrez,
• Josefa L. López-Martínez,
• Sonia Berenguel-Gómez,
• Irene Torres-García,
• Duane Choquesillo-Lazarte,
• Manuel Muñoz-Dorado,
• Miriam Álvarez-Corral and
• Ignacio Rodríguez-García

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 813–820, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.63

• spirooxindoles include the progesterone receptor modulator 2 [8], the potent MDM2–p53 inhibitor 3 [9], the CRTH2 (DP2) antagonist 4 [10] or the antimalarial agents 5 and 6 [11][12] (Figure 1). Beyond these well-known cases, several additional biologically active spirooxindoles – such as vasopressin-2 receptor

Preparation of 3-(alkylamino)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carbaldehydes via Kornblum oxidation and unexpected ring-opening reactions of the corresponding alcohols under oxidative conditions

• Sandile J. Mkhize,
• Memory Zimuwandeyi,
• Manuel A. Fernandes,
• Amanda L. Rousseau and
• Moira L. Bode

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 763–770, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.58

• transcriptase in due course. Examples of biologically active imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines. Compounds envisaged for synthesis. Previously reported 3-amino-2-carboxylic acid derivatives. Single crystal X-ray structure of 18a. ORTEP diagram drawn at 50% probability level. Different oxidative cleavage products obtained

Synthesis of heterocycles based on azomethine ylides from α-amino acids (or amines) and carbonyl compounds

• Ekaterina V. Berezhnaya,
• Alexander I. Ponyaev,
• Vitali M. Boitsov and
• Alexander V. Stepakov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 705–741, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.55

• biologically active oxindoles spiro-fused with pyrrolidines. Naturally, the task arises of developing synthetic methods for the organocatalytic 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of isatin-derived azomethine ylides and exploring their further application in the enantioselective synthesis of spiro-oxindoles. Azomethine

Experimental and DFT studies on the regioselective methanolysis of 5-azido-9-oxabicyclo[6.1.0]nonan-4-yl 4-nitrobenzoate isomers

• İlknur Polat,
• Selçuk Eşsiz and
• Emine Salamci

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 547–556, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.40

• triazoles and aminocyclitols, which have numerous applications in industry, medicine, and pharmacy [1][2][3][4][5]. They are found in many biologically active compounds. For example, 3’-azido-3’-deoxythymidine (zidovudine, 1) is used in treatment of AIDS, while azapride (2), azidamphenicol (3), and

Spirobarbiturates with a pyrrolizidine moiety: synthesis, structure and biological evaluation

• Arthur A. Puzyrkov,
• Andrew S. Drachuk,
• Ekaterina A. Popova,
• Alexander V. Stepakov and
• Vitali M. Boitsov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 274–288, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.20

• compounds 4f, 4g, 4i, 4k, and 4l with the target protein (PDB ID: 8DNH). Biologically active compounds with a spirobarbiturate moiety in their structure [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Biologically active alkaloids with a pyrrolizidine moiety. Previous studies on the three-component synthesis of spirobarbiturates

A mild and atom-efficient four-component cascade strategy for the construction of biologically relevant 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives

• Dmitrii A. Grishin,
• Kseniia I. Sharkovskaia,
• Ilya G. Kolmakov,
• Daria A. Ipatova,
• Rostislav A. Petrov,
• Nikolai D. Dagaev,
• Dmitry A. Skvortsov,
• Maria G. Khrenova,
• Valeriy V. Andreychev,
• Sergei A. Evteev,
• Yan A. Ivanenkov,
• Roman L. Antipin,
• Olga А. Dontsova and
• Elena K. Beloglazkina

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 244–256, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.18

• , offering high atom economy, operational simplicity, and remarkable versatility [9][10][11][12][13]. Owing to their flexibility in combining diverse building blocks, MCRs have found widespread application in the synthesis of biologically active compounds. This versatility significantly shortens synthetic

• demonstrate pronounced antibacterial activity, their low toxicity toward human cells and distinctive molecular scaffold render them promising candidates for further development as biologically active agents. Conclusion In conclusion, we have developed a novel organocatalyzed four-component cascade reaction

• potential of the 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one scaffold as a versatile template for future targeted modifications to develop active derivatives. Examples of biologically active quinolin-2(1H)-ones. Structures obtained via rational design aimed at enhancing antibacterial activity. In vitro antibacterial

Highly electrophilic, gem- and spiro-activated trichloromethylnitrocyclopropanes: synthesis and structure

• Ilia A. Pilipenko,
• Mikhail V. Grigoriev,
• Olga Yu. Ozerova,
• Igor A. Litvinov,
• Darya V. Spiridonova,
• Aleksander V. Vasilyev and
• Sergey V. Makarenko

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 123–130, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.5

• biologically active properties. Thus, barbamide exhibits molluscicidal activity [7], and sintokamide A is active against prostate cancer [8] (Figure 1). As derivatives of strained and unique structure and properties [9][10] cyclopropanes are of interest for entering into various transformations along the path

• groups seems attractive for both theoretical chemistry and the synthesis of 2-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acids, of which representatives have biologically active properties against kynurenine-3-monooxygenase [25] and GABA receptors [26]. Such aminocyclopropane derivatives can be classified as donor

• -crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Experimental Physicochemical studies were performed using the equipment of the Center for Collective Use "Physicochemical methods for the study of nitro compounds, coordination, biologically active substances and nanostructured materials" of the Interdisciplinary

Tandem hydrothiocyanation/cyclization of CF₃-iminopropargyl alcohols with NaSCN in the presence of AcOH

• Ruslan S. Shulgin,
• Ol’ga G. Volostnykh,
• Anton V. Stepanov,
• Igor’ A. Ushakov,
• Alexander V. Vashchenko and
• Olesya A. Shemyakina

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2694–2702, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.207

• motif in various biologically active molecules and materials due to its unique physical, chemical, and biological properties [28][29][30]. SCN and trifluoromethyl groups have proved to be versatile moieties in the design and development of numerous active pharmaceutical ingredients, agrochemicals, drugs

Palladium-catalyzed regioselective C1-selective nitration of carbazoles

• Vikash Kumar,
• Jyothis Dharaniyedath,
• Aiswarya T P,
• Sk Ariyan,
• Chitrothu Venkatesh and
• Parthasarathy Gandeepan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2479–2488, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.190

• ; palladium; Introduction Carbazole represents an important heterocyclic scaffold that is broadly present in many natural products, biologically active motifs, as well as optoelectronic and functional materials [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. By virtue of its substantial application in various fields, significant

Catalytic enantioselective synthesis of selenium-containing atropisomers via C–Se bond formations

• Qi-Sen Gao,
• Zheng-Wei Wei and
• Zhi-Min Chen

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2447–2455, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.186

• Atropisomers are not only prevalent in biologically active natural products and pharmaceuticals, but they have also garnered increasing attention for their effectiveness as ligands and catalysts in the field of catalytic asymmetric synthesis. Asymmetric catalysis serves as a key strategy for the

• selenides, recognized as valuable synthetic intermediates and biologically active compounds, have been demonstrated to exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. Among them, the synthesis of β-(selenium)vinyl sulfones can be accomplished via selenosulfonylation reactions initiated by free radicals

Transformation of the cyclohexane ring to the cyclopentane fragment of biologically active compounds

• Natalya Akhmetdinova,
• Ilgiz Biktagirov and
• Liliya Kh. Faizullina

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2416–2446, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.185

• contraction of six-membered cycles in the synthesis of functionalized cyclopentane/enones, which are biologically active compounds. The main synthetic methods of ring contraction (ozonolysis–aldol condensation, ozonolysis–Dieckmann reaction, Baeyer–Villiger cleavage–Dieckmann reaction) and rearrangements

• information. Keywords: biological activity; cyclopentane/enone; rearrangements; ring/cycle contractions; total synthesis; Introduction The functionalized cyclopentane/enone fragment is part of the structure of a large number of natural and synthetic biologically active compounds, including prostaglandins

• of practical approaches to the synthesis of known compounds and the synthesis of new biologically active functionalized compounds containing a cyclopentane/enone fragment through transformation of a cyclohexane/ene ring is an urgent task for synthetic chemists. This review summarizes information on

The high potential of methyl laurate as a recyclable competitor to conventional toxic solvents in [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions

• Ayhan Yıldırım and
• Mustafa Göker

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2389–2415, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.184

• formation of the five-membered isoxazolidine ring motif, which displays a range of biologically active properties [26][27][28][29][30]. It is notable that the fused pyrrolo-isoxazolidines represent a particularly versatile class of heterocyclic compounds and intermediates, which have been demonstrated to

• consisting of a combination of isoxazolidine rings [36][37][38][39][40][41]. It has been demonstrated that such cycloaddition reactions are also employed in the efficient preparation of biologically active molecules, including nucleosides, β-lactam class antibiotics, peptides, and amino acids, as well as

Discovery of cytotoxic indolo[1,2-c]quinazoline derivatives through scaffold-based design

• Daniil V. Khabarov,
• Valeria A. Litvinova,
• Lyubov G. Dezhenkova,
• Dmitry N. Kaluzhny,
• Alexander S. Tikhomirov and
• Andrey E. Shchekotikhin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2062–2071, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.161

• (5) (Scheme 1), a structural analogue of the biologically active alkaloid tryptanthrin (Figure 1). An alternative scheme to indolo[1,2-c]quinazoline-12-carboxylic acid (3) was based on initial acylation followed by a haloform reaction. Refluxing compound 1 with trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) in

α-Ketoglutaric acid in Ugi reactions and Ugi/aza-Wittig tandem reactions

• Vladyslav O. Honcharov,
• Yana I. Sakhno,
• Olena H. Shvets,
• Vyacheslav E. Saraev,
• Svitlana V. Shishkina,
• Tetyana V. Shcherbakova and
• Valentyn A. Chebanov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 2021–2029, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.157

• biologically active quinoxalinone derivatives. Molecular structure of 3-(4-(2-(tert-butylamino)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-5,7-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2-yl)propanoic acid (9e) according to X-ray diffraction data. Known multicomponent reactions of KGA. Ugi reaction involving KGA. Tandem Ugi

Enantioselective desymmetrization strategy of prochiral 1,3-diols in natural product synthesis

• Lihua Wei,
• Rui Yang,
• Zhifeng Shi and
• Zhiqiang Ma

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1932–1963, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.151

• biologically active molecules. Based on the reaction types, three strategies are discussed: enzymatic acylation, transition-metal-catalyzed acylation, and local desymmetrization. Keywords: asymmetric synthesis; desymmetrization; 1,3-diols; natural product; total synthesis; Introduction Natural products

Approaches to stereoselective 1,1'-glycosylation

• Daniele Zucchetta and
• Alla Zamyatina

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1700–1718, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.133

• structural components in mycobacterial glycans, microbial oligosaccharide and nucleoside antibiotics, as well as biologically active mimetics of bacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). As integral components of PAMPs, 1,1′-linked disaccharide-containing biomolecules play important roles in

• synthesis of symmetrically functionalized nonreducing disaccharide-based molecules. However, most biologically active molecules that contain nonreducing sugars are characterized by the presence of non-symmetrically distributed functional groups, which requires the use of selectively orthogonally protected

Formal synthesis of a selective estrogen receptor modulator with tetrahydrofluorenone structure using [3 + 2 + 1] cycloaddition of yne-vinylcyclopropanes and CO

• Jing Zhang,
• Guanyu Zhang,
• Hongxi Bai and
• Zhi-Xiang Yu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1639–1644, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.127

• reaction in synthesis. Reported biologically active tetrahydrofluorenone-SERMs molecules. Reported synthesis routes to SERMs molecule VI. Lei’s synthesis of natural products of ent-kaurane diterpenoids (A), and natural products songorine, beyerene, garryine and steviol (B). Retrosynthetic analysis for the

Azide–alkyne cycloaddition (click) reaction in biomass-derived solvent Cyrene^TM under one-pot conditions

• Zoltán Medgyesi and
• László T. Mika

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1544–1551, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.117

• methods, the copper(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction, the so-called click reaction [7], has received substantial attention for the selective synthesis of various 1,2,3-triazoles that are of utmost importance in the synthesis of biologically active compounds such as active

Reactions of acryl thioamides with iminoiodinanes as a one-step synthesis of N-sulfonyl-2,3-dihydro-1,2-thiazoles

• Vladimir G. Ilkin,
• Pavel S. Silaichev,
• Valeriy O. Filimonov,
• Tetyana V. Beryozkina,
• Margarita D. Likhacheva,
• Pavel A. Slepukhin,
• Wim Dehaen and
• Vasiliy A. Bakulev

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 1397–1403, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.104

• from the CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, UK; Fax: +44 1223 336033; E-mail: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk). Representatives of biologically active 1,2-thiazoles. Compound 3aa in thermal ellipsoids 50% probability. Synthesis of 2,5-dihydro-1,2-thiazoles. Synthesis of 2,3-dihydro-N-sulfonyl-1,2-thiazoles