High-temperature magnetism and microstructure of a semiconducting ferromagnetic (GaSb)_1−x(MnSb)_x alloy

• Leonid N. Oveshnikov,
• Elena I. Nekhaeva,
• Alexey V. Kochura,
• Alexander B. Davydov,
• Mikhail A. Shakhov,
• Sergey F. Marenkin,
• Oleg A. Novodvorskii,
• Alexander P. Kuzmenko,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Boris A. Aronzon and
• Erkki Lahderanta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2457–2465, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.230

• , Russian Federation 10.3762/bjnano.9.230 Abstract We have studied the properties of relatively thick (about 120 nm) magnetic composite films grown by pulsed laser deposition using the eutectic compound (GaSb)0.59(MnSb)0.41 as target for sputtering. For the studied films we have observed ferromagnetism and

• is a GaSb matrix with incorporated MnSb nanograins [8][9][10][14]. However, the best results were obtained not for a composite system but for (GaSb)1−x(MnSb)x alloys with x = 0.41. In annealed samples the mobility of holes was about 100 cm2/(V·s) and Tc was above room temperature [11][12]. Earlier it

Evidence of friction reduction in laterally graded materials

• Roberto Guarino,
• Gianluca Costagliola,
• Federico Bosia and
• Nicola Maria Pugno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2443–2456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.229

• analytically, by reducing the equation describing the contact of a rigid flat punch to a singular integral equation, and numerically, through the finite-element method [28][29]. In this paper, we extend the previous work on 1D composite surfaces [30] to 2D geometries to show how it is possible to tune the

Droplet-based synthesis of homogeneous magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Christian D. Ahrberg,
• Ji Wook Choi and
• Bong Geun Chung

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2413–2420, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.226

• healthcare significantly [5]. For example, a composite nanomaterial has been developed as a photosensitizer in photothermal therapy (PTT), while also acting as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [6]. Magnetic materials are of particular interest here, as they can be used for targeting [7

Hydrothermal-derived carbon as a stabilizing matrix for improved cycling performance of silicon-based anodes for lithium-ion full cells

• Mirco Ruttert,
• Florian Holtstiege,
• Jessica Hüsker,
• Markus Börner,
• Martin Winter and
• Tobias Placke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2381–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.223

• morphology and structure of the composite materials, as well as the resilience of the hydrothermal carbon against the volumetric changes of Si, in order to examine the opportunities and limitations of the applied matrix approach. Compared to a physical mixture of Si-NPs and the pure carbon matrix, the

• synthesized composites show a strong improvement in long-term cycling performance (capacity retention after 103 cycles: ≈55% (20 wt % Si composite) and ≈75% (10 wt % Si composite)), indicating that a homogeneous embedding of Si into the amorphous carbon matrix has a highly beneficial effect. The most

• promising Si/C composite is also studied in a LIB full cell vs a NMC-111 cathode; such a configuration is very seldom reported in the literature. More specifically, the influence of electrochemical prelithiation on the cycling performance in this full cell set-up is studied and compared to non-prelithiated

Block copolymers for designing nanostructured porous coatings

• Roberto Nisticò

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2332–2344, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.218

• mol−1) at low magnification. c) PS-b-PEO (10.6-b-5.0 kg mol−1) at high magnification. d) Freeze fracture cross section PS-b-PEO (10.6-b-5.0 kg mol−1). Reprinted with permission from [62], copyright 2011 The Royal Society of Chemistry. a) Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of a composite nanoporous

Hierarchical heterostructures of Bi₂MoO₆ microflowers decorated with Ag₂CO₃ nanoparticles for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic removal of toxic pollutants

• Shijie Li,
• Wei Jiang,
• Shiwei Hu,
• Yu Liu,
• Yanping Liu,
• Kaibing Xu and
• Jianshe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2297–2305, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.214

• /Bi2MoO6 [22]. As shown in Figure S3 (Supporting Information File 1), ACO/BMO-30 is much more active than Ag2MoO4/Bi2MoO6, but not as active as Ag/Ag2CO3/Bi2MoO6 due to the fact that Ag/Ag2CO3/Bi2MoO6 is a ternary composite. To examine the mineralization ability of ACO/BMO-30, the total organic carbon (TOC

Lead-free hybrid perovskites for photovoltaics

• Oleksandr Stroyuk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2209–2235, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.207

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

• electrospinning as well as electrospraying. Electrospinning is a simple, robust and low-cost technique to generate polymer and composite fibers ranging from nanometres to a few micrometres in diameter [46][47]. In electrospinning, a high voltage source is used to produce fine fibers from a polymer solution or

• electrospinning and (ii) “direct synthesis” of electrospun NP fibers during the electrospinning process. In the direct method, the composite fibers are electrospun from one single solution that contains the NPs. NP fibers formed in this way are not notably deformed or affected during the electrospinning process

• reinforced with GO show better mechanical, electrical and thermal properties than the fibers without GO. These graphene-based composite electrospun fibers have been used for biosensor applications [65][68]. Hybrid nanofibers with various morphologies, including mixed nanocomposite, dual-layer, core–shell and

A scanning probe microscopy study of nanostructured TiO₂/poly(3-hexylthiophene) hybrid heterojunctions for photovoltaic applications

• Laurie Letertre,
• Roland Roche,
• Olivier Douhéret,
• Hailu G. Kassa,
• Denis Mariolle,
• Nicolas Chevalier,
• Łukasz Borowik,
• Philippe Dumas,
• Benjamin Grévin,
• Roberto Lazzaroni and
• Philippe Leclère

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2087–2096, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.197

• illumination. The result aimed at demonstrating the absence of light-induced artefact during the recording of topography, as well as the negligibility of the photovoltaic effect at the TiO2/ITO interface. Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to R. Di Ciuccio (Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite

Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view

• Mattia Scardamaglia and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2015–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.191

• between graphitic N and pyridinic N. In the report of Parvez et al., nitrogen-doped graphene was synthesized from a composite made of graphitic carbon nitride and graphene sheets, which subsequently underwent heating treatment [107]. Depending on the pyrolysis temperature (800, 900 or 1000 °C), three

• underwent different temperature treatments, yielding different surface compositions of nitrogen functionalities, as observed by XPS [114]. They produced N-graphene either by the annealing of graphene oxide (GO) in NH3 or by annealing a composite of N-containing polymer (polyaniline or polypyrrole) and rGO

Defect formation in multiwalled carbon nanotubes under low-energy He and Ne ion irradiation

• Santhana Eswara,
• Jean-Nicolas Audinot,
• Brahime El Adib,
• Maël Guennou,
• Tom Wirtz and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1951–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.186

• + irradiation was used to weld MWCNTs with the objective to create electronic connections between different tubes for CNT junctions [6]. Similarly, He+ irradiation has been used to interconnect double-wall carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) by cross-linking in order to form a multiscale-structured composite with

• defect production in SWCNTs [26], the characterisation of composite materials containing MWCNTs [27], the implantation of Si and C ions into DWCNTs [28], and to differentiate between carbon materials with different sp2 environment [29]. The latter study focused on graphene, highly oriented pyrolytic

Synthesis of a MnO₂/Fe₃O₄/diatomite nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for methylene blue degradation

• Zishun Li,
• Xuekun Tang,
• Kun Liu,
• Jing Huang,
• Yueyang Xu,
• Qian Peng and
• Minlin Ao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1940–1950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.185

• composite is the most effective strategy [14]. Through this strategy, catalysts with controllable particle size, better dispersion and decreased agglomeration are easy to be synthesized and are expected to significantly increase the contact between active sites and contaminants. In addition, with the

• significantly enhance the catalytic performance compared to the single-component catalysts [10]. In addition, the synergistic effect of the composite is deeply influenced by the contact area between the two phases, thus the core–shell structure of catalysts can dramatically magnify the contact area and further

• catalyst Raw diatomite was purified by acid-washing in 2 M HCl solution at 75 °C for 4 h according to [20]. The Fe3O4/diatomite composite was prepared through thermal decomposition and in situ loading [3]. Typically, 0.4 g of purified diatomite was first put into 60 mL TREG under magnetic stirring for 30

Synthesis of hafnium nanoparticles and hafnium nanoparticle films by gas condensation and energetic deposition

• Irini Michelakaki,
• Nikos Boukos,
• Dimitrios A. Dragatogiannis,
• Spyros Stathopoulos,
• Costas A. Charitidis and
• Dimitris Tsoukalas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1868–1880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.179

• composite subsurface layer. This phenomena of has been observed by the groups of Milani and Popok [72][73]. NP characterization Structural characterization of the NTFs was performed by using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The X-ray

Uniform cobalt nanoparticles embedded in hexagonal mesoporous nanoplates as a magnetically separable, recyclable adsorbent

• Can Zhao,
• Yuexiao Song,
• Tianyu Xiang,
• Wenxiu Qu,
• Shuo Lou,
• Xiaohong Yin and
• Feng Xin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1770–1781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.168

• composite materials are expected to show excellent performance in the preparation of TM-MCNs. Here we report a facile approach for the preparation of novel hexagonal nanoplates (NPLs) containing magnetic Co nanoparticles (in CoAl2O4 phase) and porous carbon by carbonizing PDA-coated CoAl LDH, which can be

• used as an adsorbent for efficient removal of RhB dye from aqueous solutions. As illustrated in Scheme 1, firstly, CoAl LDH is synthesized with urea through a hydrothermal method. Subsequently, the LDH@PDA composite is obtained by coating CoAl LDH with PDA through self-polymerization of dopamine in

• Figure 1. The diffraction peaks in Figure 1a correspond well to the typical planes of CoAl LDH, suggesting its good crystallization and high purity. After coating with PDA, the resulting core–shell composite (LDH@PDA-2.5) displays characteristic diffraction peaks located at the same Bragg angles as pure

Cryochemical synthesis of ultrasmall, highly crystalline, nanostructured metal oxides and salts

• Elena A. Trusova and
• Nikolai S. Trutnev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1755–1763, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.166

• indicated in the formation of a 2D interface layer which included Ni–O–Si bonds on the surface of the mesoporous silicate. It was found that the composite system prepared by cryotreatment of the emulsion showed a higher hydro-desulfurization catalytic activity by several orders of magnitude as compared to

• cryogel, and decomposition of the organic–inorganic composite oligomer complex (360–380 °C ) to form crystalline metal oxides as a product in addition to water, carbon dioxide, and NOx (Scheme 1) as a result of ligand oxidation. The synthesized cryogels were treated with heat for 1 h at 500 °C. The

Preparation of micro/nanopatterned gelatins crosslinked with genipin for biocompatible dental implants

• Reika Makita,
• Tsukasa Akasaka,
• Seiichi Tamagawa,
• Yasuhiro Yoshida,
• Saori Miyata,
• Hirofumi Miyaji and
• Tsutomu Sugaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1735–1754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.165

• differentiation [7], to functionalize implant surfaces [8][9], and to prevent the formation of bacterial biofilms [10]. In the dental field, we have used different micro/nanopatterns that employ an apatite paste [11], a flowable composite resin [12], a titanium coat [13], and curable dental materials [14]. The

• with genipin [39]. Nadeem et al. have also reported that three-dimensional calcium phosphate/gelatin composite scaffolds, with an integrated surface pattern, could be fabricated by crosslinking with genipin [38]. These calcium phosphate/gelatin composite scaffolds could be fabricated with 40 µm pits

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles as sulfur encapsulator for high-performance lithium/sulfur batteries

• Yan Zhao,
• Zhengjun Liu,
• Liancheng Sun,
• Yongguang Zhang,
• Yuting Feng,
• Xin Wang,
• Indira Kurmanbayeva and
• Zhumabay Bakenov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1677–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.159

• carbon nanotubes coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO@NCNT) were prepared via a sol–gel route as sulfur encapsulator for lithium/sulfur (Li/S) batteries. The electrochemical properties of the S/ZnO@NCNT composite cathode were evaluated in Li/S batteries. It delivered an initial capacity of 1032

• bonds in the composite. This indicates that an enhanced cycling and rate capability of the S/ZnO@NCNT composite could be ascribed to advantages of the ZnO@NCNT matrix. In the composite, the active ZnO-rich surfaces offer a high sulfur-bonding capability and the NCNT core acts as a conductive framework

• providing pathways for ion and electron transport. The as-prepared S/ZnO@NCNT composite is a promising cathode material for Li/S batteries. Keywords: batteries; nanocomposites; sol–gel processes; sulfur; zinc oxide (ZnO); Introduction Due to its high theoretical specific capacity of 1672 mAh·g−1 and

Josephson effect in junctions of conventional and topological superconductors

• Alex Zazunov,
• Albert Iks,
• Miguel Alvarado,
• Alfredo Levy Yeyati and
• Reinhold Egger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1659–1676, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.158

• Schrieffer–Wolff transformation to project the full Hamiltonian to the Hilbert subspace satisfying Equation 8, H → Heff, one arrives at the effective low-energy Hamiltonian with the interaction term where S± = Sx ± iSy and δn = − 1. Moreover, is the anticommutator of the composite boundary fields We note

Nanocomposites comprised of homogeneously dispersed magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles and poly(methyl methacrylate)

• Sašo Gyergyek,
• David Pahovnik,
• Ema Žagar,
• Alenka Mertelj,
• Rok Kostanjšek,
• Miloš Beković,
• Marko Jagodič,
• Heinrich Hofmann and
• Darko Makovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1613–1622, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.153

• was successfully overcome by using polymer-grafted nanoparticles (magnetic and silica), i.e., composite nanoparticles that were mixed with the polymer, usually in the solution [10][22][23][24]. Critical factors that influence the state of dispersion of polymer-grafted nanoparticles in nanocomposites

Sheet-on-belt branched TiO₂(B)/rGO powders with enhanced photocatalytic activity

• Huan Xing,
• Wei Wen and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1550–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.146

• corresponding to graphene can be detected, which can be ascribed to its small quantity in the composite powders. Figure 2 shows the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images of the pristine TiO2 nanobelt structures, TGN and TGN-branch 4 h. Comparing Figure 2a and Figure 2b, no obvious

• hence are of different sizes, and especially different grain sizes that would readily affect the band gaps. Song et al. reported that the composite of anatase TiO2 synthesized via two different routes resulted in enhanced charge separation and hence increased photo-electrochemical response and

Photoluminescence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in nematic liquid crystals in electric fields

• Margarita A. Kurochkina,
• Elena A. Konshina and
• Daria Khmelevskaia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1544–1549, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.145

• nanocrystals. These nanoparticles (NPs) of spherical shape are unique luminophores due to the dimensional dependence of the optical properties. The small dimensions of QDs (of the order of 1–10 nm) make it possible to integrate QDs relatively easily into hybrid structures and composite materials. Quantum dots

Cr(VI) remediation from aqueous environment through modified-TiO₂-mediated photocatalytic reduction

• Rashmi Acharya,
• Brundabana Naik and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1448–1470, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.137

• TiO2 modified with reduced graphene oxides (RGOs), CNTs and CDs. The various preparation methods of modified photocatalysts, conditions for photocatalytic reduction, source of illumination, percentage of Cr(VI) reduction and the superior performance of the composite photocatalysts in comparison with

• electric charge of the oxides [128]. In addition, the red shift in the absorption edge of the TiO2 –RGO composite as compared to pure TiO2 is ascribed to the formation of C–O–Ti bonds [126]. It was further observed by Liu et al. that the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) by the TiO2 –RGO composite

• recombination of electron–hole pairs instead of providing an electron pathway [129][130] and maximizes the light harvesting competition between TiO2 and RGO [128]. Zhao et al. prepared TiO2–RGO composites with large specific surface area (104.9 m2/g) [131]. At low pH, the large surface of the composite becomes

Preparation and morphology-dependent wettability of porous alumina membranes

• Dmitry L. Shimanovich,
• Alla I. Vorobjova,
• Daria I. Tishkevich,
• Alex V. Trukhanov,
• Maxim V. Zdorovets and
• Artem L. Kozlovskiy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1423–1436, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.135

• [10][11], and the development of new nanoporous composite materials based on PAA [12][13]. Both of these are commercially available. Porous silicon formed by electrochemical anodizing [14], zeolites [15], porous mica [16], nanoporous polymer glasses [17] and other materials [18] have also been studied

New 2D graphene hybrid composites as an effective base element of optical nanodevices

• Olga E. Glukhova,
• Igor S. Nefedov,
• Alexander S. Shalin and
• Мichael М. Slepchenkov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1321–1327, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.125

• little investigated modifications of graphene is a 2D-hybrid composite composed of graphene monolayers and CNTs covalently bonded to them [5][6][7][8]. The hybrid 2D film exhibits high performance as photosensitive element of photodetectors in the range of 100–700 nm. It was found that a single photon

• , 14, 16, 18, 20) at a distance of 9–15 hexagons (with the step equal to unity) between them are thermodynamically stable. In this work, two composite models for the tubes (12,0) and (18,0) with metallic conductivity, and two models of semiconducting tubes (14,0) and (16,0) have been considered. These

• topological forms were previously discovered by experimental investigations [11]. The atomistic model of the composite unit cell was obtained by means of the original ”method of magnifying glass” described in detail in [14] using the SCC DFTB method. Figure 1 shows a general view of the composite fragment

Ag₂WO₄ nanorods decorated with AgI nanoparticles: Novel and efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysts for the degradation of water pollutants

• Shijie Li,
• Shiwei Hu,
• Wei Jiang,
• Yanping Liu,
• Yu Liu,
• Yingtang Zhou,
• Liuye Mo and
• Jianshe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1308–1316, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.123

• −, small AgI nanoparticles (diameter: 20–40 nm) are uniformly coated on the surface of Ag2WO4 nanorods, signifying the formation of the AgI/Ag2WO4 core–shell heterostructure. To more clearly observe the microstructure of the AgI/Ag2WO4 composite, the TEM and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) images are shown in