Playing with covalent triazine framework tiles for improved CO₂ adsorption properties and catalytic performance

• Giulia Tuci,
• Andree Iemhoff,
• Housseinou Ba,
• Lapo Luconi,
• Andrea Rossin,
• Vasiliki Papaefthimiou,
• Regina Palkovits,
• Jens Artz,
• Cuong Pham-Huu and
• Giuliano Giambastiani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1217–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.121

• stability) as metal-free catalysts in gas-phase processes. Our recent achievements in the use of highly porous and N-rich carbon nanomaterials as metal-free catalysts for the steam- and oxygen-free dehydrogenation catalysis (DDH) of ethylbenzene (EB) to styrene (ST) have shown unique outcomes in terms of

• -dicyanoimidazole (DCI) or its equimolar mixtures with the aforementioned dicyanoaryl units (see Scheme 1 below) [45]. The as-prepared samples have been investigated as CO2 storage materials as well as metal-free catalysts for the gas-phase DDH of EB to ST. Notably, mixed CTF samples from this series have shown CO2

Pure and mixed ordered monolayers of tetracyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane and hexathiapentacene on the Ag(100) surface

• Robert Harbers,
• Timo Heepenstrick,
• Dmitrii F. Perepichka and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1188–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.118

• the frontier orbitals of the respective molecules we refer to Supporting Information File 1.) Accordingly, in the gas phase one does not expect spontaneous electron transfer from HTPEN to TNAP. This in contrast to the previously studied situation for the TTT/TNAP mixed structure on the Au(111) surface

• seen from a stable and smooth tunneling current without spikes due to molecules diffusing in and out of the tunnel gap. This indicates the presence of strong intermolecular attractions that lead to the formation of two-dimensional islands surrounded by a two-dimensional gas phase of molecules with only

Biocompatible organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on nucleobases and titanium developed by molecular layer deposition

• Leva Momtazi,
• Henrik H. Sønsteby and
• Ola Nilsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 399–411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.39

• gas phase. ALD was initially developed for production of thin films of zinc sulphide [10], and since its introduction in the 1970s, it has expanded to include a wide range of materials, including organic–inorganic hybrid compounds. In both ALD and MLD, the precursors are introduced onto the surface of

Relation between thickness, crystallite size and magnetoresistance of nanostructured La_1−xSr_xMn_yO_3±δ films for magnetic field sensors

• Rasuole Lukose,
• Valentina Plausinaitiene,
• Milita Vagner,
• Nerija Zurauskiene,
• Skirmantas Kersulis,
• Virgaudas Kubilius,
• Karolis Motiejuitis,
• Birute Knasiene,
• Voitech Stankevic,
• Zita Saltyte,
• Martynas Skapas,
• Algirdas Selskis and
• Evaldas Naujalis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 256–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.24

• series of films of variable thickness were deposited: I – one source with LSMO solution, II – 2 separate sources, LSMO solution and solvent source (Figure 1). The growth rate was controlled by application of additional solvent, resulting in the dilution of the precursor in the gas phase. The transmission

Thermal control of the defunctionalization of supported Au₂₅(glutathione)₁₈ catalysts for benzyl alcohol oxidation

• Zahraa Shahin,
• Hyewon Ji,
• Rodica Chiriac,
• Nadine Essayem,
• Franck Rataboul and
• Aude Demessence

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 228–237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.21

• chemical sensing, bioimaging, biotherapy and catalysis. As a catalyst, GNCs, and mostly Au25(SR)18 gold thiolate clusters, have shown high activity for different reactions such as liquid or gas phase oxidation, hydrogenation, C–C coupling and electro/photocatalysis [13]. Based on different studies, it is

Zn/F-doped tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized by laser pyrolysis: structural and optical properties

• Florian Dumitrache,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Elena Dutu,
• Ion Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Alina Ilie,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Cristian Mihailescu,
• Adriana Smarandache and
• Gabriel Prodan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.2

• resonance between the emission line of a continuous wave CO2 laser (λ = 10.6 μm) and the infrared absorption band of at least one gas-phase component. An additional substance, the so-called sensitizer, is used in the case of non-absorbing gas/vapor precursors. The experimental arrangement consists of a heat

Hydrogen-induced plasticity in nanoporous palladium

• Markus Gößler,
• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Markus Stütz,
• Norbert Enzinger and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3013–3024, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.280

• ) has been reported for loading from the gas phase at a hydrogen pressure of the order of 30 kPa [21] at 20 °C. In this compositional range two different phases coexist: At hydrogen concentrations below 0.02 (H/Pd) only the α-phase (solid solution, PdHα) is observed, while at higher concentrations the β

Controlling surface morphology and sensitivity of granular and porous silver films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS

• Sherif Okeil and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2813–2831, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.263

• , it enables a quick chemical modification under ambient conditions in the gas phase [64][66][67][68][69][70][71]. Thus, plasma treatment could present a straightforward and affordable alternative to the electrochemical roughening of silver and can be even used as a technological reliable alternative

• at low temperature in the gas phase, which can strongly interact with the exposed surface leading to distinct physical and chemical changes [63][76]. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate the influence of different kinds of rf plasmas on the surface of thin silver films, which are important

Variation of the photoluminescence spectrum of InAs/GaAs heterostructures grown by ion-beam deposition

• Alexander S. Pashchenko,
• Leonid S. Lunin,
• Eleonora M. Danilina and
• Sergei N. Chebotarev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2794–2801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.261

• heterostructures [17][18][20][32][33]. In this regard, a study of the influence of Bi on the optical properties of InAs/GaAs heterostructures is an actual requirement. In this work, ion-beam deposition (IBD) is used to grow the samples. IBD has significant advantages over many methods of growth from the gas phase

Oriented zinc oxide nanorods: A novel saturable absorber for lasers in the near-infrared

• Pavel Loiko,
• Tanujjal Bora,
• Josep Maria Serres,
• Haohai Yu,
• Magdalena Aguiló,
• Francesc Díaz,
• Uwe Griebner,
• Valentin Petrov,
• Xavier Mateos and
• Joydeep Dutta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2730–2740, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.255

• exciton binding energy (60 meV) [3], allowing for efficient excitonic photoluminescence at room temperature, and due to their good mechanical and thermal stability. Arrays of ZnO NRs can be grown on various substrates (e.g., Si, Al2O3, glass) either by gas phase processes (e.g., by vapor–liquid–solid

Improved catalytic combustion of methane using CuO nanobelts with predominantly (001) surfaces

• Qingquan Kong,
• Yichun Yin,
• Bing Xue,
• Yonggang Jin,
• Wei Feng,
• Zhi-Gang Chen,
• Shi Su and
• Chenghua Sun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2526–2532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.235

• release atomic oxygen after exceeding the small barrier of 0.47 eV, which can oxidize adsorbed CO to form CO2, as outlined in Figure 4i–l. The energy profile for the above full process is given in Figure 5 in units of eV, using the total energy of a clean (001) surface and free gas-phase CH4 and O2 as the

• dissociation energy (DE) from physical adsorption to dissociative adsorption have been employed, which are defined as follows. AE = E(CH4*) – E(surface) – E(CH4-gas phase) DE = E(CH3*-H*) – E(CH4*) To understand the catalysis mechanism, full methane oxidation, CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + H2O, has been investigated in

Intrinsic ultrasmall nanoscale silicon turns n-/p-type with SiO₂/Si₃N₄-coating

• Dirk König,
• Daniel Hiller,
• Noël Wilck,
• Birger Berghoff,
• Merlin Müller,
• Sangeeta Thakur,
• Giovanni Di Santo,
• Luca Petaccia,
• Joachim Mayer,
• Sean Smith and
• Joachim Knoch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2255–2264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.210

• approximant; one NC is embedded in SiO2 and one NC resides in Si3N4 (Figure 1). We found earlier that – regarding DFT – Si10-NCs are the smallest NCs above the atomic limit below which Si-clusters behave as small molecules in the gas phase [13]. The frontier-OMOs exist within the Si3N4-embedded Si-NC (Figure

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

Synthesis of hafnium nanoparticles and hafnium nanoparticle films by gas condensation and energetic deposition

• Irini Michelakaki,
• Nikos Boukos,
• Dimitrios A. Dragatogiannis,
• Spyros Stathopoulos,
• Costas A. Charitidis and
• Dimitris Tsoukalas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1868–1880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.179

• propose this single-step method as an alternative solution to reinforce NTFs and to product mechanical stable porous NTFs. Experimental Deposition system Hf NPs were produced in a high-vacuum gas-phase nanoparticle deposition system (from Mantis Deposition Ltd., UK). A schematic representation of the

Improving the catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution of monolayered SnSe_2(1−x)S_2x by mechanical strain

• Sha Dong and
• Zhiguo Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1820–1827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.173

• phase of hydrogen; because this quantity has a small contribution to ΔGH, it was neglected in this work. T is the temperature. ΔSH is the entropy contribution to ΔGH, which can be approximated as: ΔSH = 1/2SH2, where SH2 is the entropy of H2 in the gas phase under standard conditions (300 K, 1 bar) [69

• hydrogen adsorption (ΔGH) of this step is a key quantity to describe the HER activity of the catalyst; a value of ΔGH for a good catalyst should be close to zero [66][67][68]. ΔGH can be calculated by using Equation 2, where ΔEZPE is the zero-point energy difference between the adsorbed state and the gas

Induced smectic phase in binary mixtures of twist-bend nematogens

• Anamarija Knežević,
• Irena Dokli,
• Marin Sapunar,
• Suzana Šegota,
• Ute Baumeister and
• Andreja Lesac

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1297–1307, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.122

• stretching bands region of: a) 73 mol % mixture – 50 °C (green), 75 °C (blue), 90 °C (cyan), 100 °C (red), 125 °C (black), b) pure BB – 25 °C (green), 95 °C (black), 125 °C (red), c) pure CBI – 25 °C (green), 130 °C (black), 150 °C (red). a) Free rotation of the C–C bonds of the alkyl chains in the gas phase

Formation mechanisms of boron oxide films fabricated by large-area electron beam-induced deposition of trimethyl borate

• Aiden A. Martin and
• Philip J. Depond

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1282–1287, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.120

• substrate temperatures between 26 and 405 °C. The deposition rate decreases rapidly with increasing substrate temperature, with TMB not undergoing activated chemisorption from the gas phase in stark contrast to the alkoxide-based silica precursor molecule TEOS. The morphology and composition of deposited

Understanding the performance and mechanism of Mg-containing oxides as support catalysts in the thermal dry reforming of methane

• Nor Fazila Khairudin,
• Mohd Farid Fahmi Sukri,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1162–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.108

• Figure 3a. First, CO2 was dissociated over Ni metal followed with the surface oxygen (Os) originating from O2 dissociation or by direct interaction with gas phase O2. Then, Os combined with the carbon deposited on the Ni metal (Cm) to form CO. The second process commenced with the oxidation of Fe by CO2

Facile chemical routes to mesoporous silver substrates for SERS analysis

• Elina A. Tastekova,
• Alexander Y. Polyakov,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Alexander V. Sidorov,
• Alexandra A. Oshmyanskaya,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Dmitry V. Shtansky,
• Wolgang Grünert and
• Anastasia V. Grigorieva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 880–889, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.82

• Raman spectrometers) or more complicated analytical tools [18]. Different kinds of dilute analytes can be easily identified in pristine form or in the form of tinted charge-transfer complexes as proposed by Sidorov et al. [19]. The analysis of analytes in the gas phase and the separate detection of

• disperse silver and other noble metals. Thermal stability is an important criterion for porous compounds in gas phase processes because of their enhanced adsorption behaviour and chromatography function. Analysis of the thermal stability showed low microstructural changes upon sintering at 110 °C while

• enhancement factor of 105. It was also evident that the mesoporous silver particles are of great functionality and could likely be promising not only as SERS substrates for liquid analysis, but also for gas phase SERS analysis and as catalysts in combustion and mild selective oxidation processes. This same

Towards the third dimension in direct electron beam writing of silver

• Katja Höflich,
• Jakub Mateusz Jurczyk,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Maximilian Götz,
• Luisa Berger,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Caspar Haverkamp,
• Iwona Szymanska and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 842–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.78

• towards the direct electron beam writing of three-dimensional plasmonic device parts from the gas phase. Keywords: carboxylate; electron beam induced deposition; silver; three-dimensional nanostructures; vertical growth rate; Introduction Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) is a resistless

• ]. For the deposition of metals, typically metal-organic precursor compounds are employed [3]. The organic ligands bring the desired metal into the gas phase. Hence, a sufficiently high stability and vapor pressure is usually accompanied by a large amount of carbon in the compound [10]. This carbon is

• appropriate ligands. Even more importantly, the ligands tend to be only weakly bonded and, thus, easily exchange the metal atom [26]. These properties exclude the gas-phase FEBID of silver for conventional gas-injection systems (GIS) that are flanged at the outer chamber walls. Recently, the first gas-phase

A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

• Shahreen Binti Izwan Anthonysamy,
• Syahidah Binti Afandi,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 740–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.68

• mechanism suggests that only one molecule will adsorb on the catalyst surface and the second molecule will react with it directly from the gas phase (van der Waals force) to form a new product. Liu et al. [22] found that the Fe2O3 catalyst forms amide species (NH2−) in the presence of NH3 on the Lewis acid

• the SCR reaction. High Ce3+ ion concentration contributed to the high amount of chemisorbed oxygen, which increased the redox cycle and enhanced the reducibility of hydrogen. This is because the Ce3+ ions will assist the migration of O2 from gas phase to the surface of the catalyst [8][23]. Afterwards

Dynamics and fragmentation mechanism of (C₅H₄CH₃)Pt(CH₃)₃ on SiO₂ surfaces

• Kaliappan Muthukumar,
• Harald O. Jeschke and
• Roser Valentí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 711–720, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.66

• energies of the combined system (adsorbate and the slab), of the slab, and of the adsorbate molecule in the gas phase in a neutral state, respectively. The most stable systems were considered for studying the dynamics of the adsorbed precursor molecule. MD simulations were performed for 20 ps on a

Mechanistic insights into plasmonic photocatalysts in utilizing visible light

• Kah Hon Leong,
• Azrina Abd Aziz,
• Lan Ching Sim,
• Pichiah Saravanan,
• Min Jang and
• Detlef Bahnemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 628–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.59

• observe the quartet signal of 1O2 in the gas phase at 950 mT. Nevertheless, this detection method has not yet been applied to detect 1O2 produced during photocatalysis. Detection methods of •OH The •OH radical is often regarded as the most effective reactant for photocatalytic decomposition. Among the

• wavelength at 310 nm, was used to calculate the intensity of the fluorescence emitted from •OH radicals. The •OH radicals emitted from the photoexcited TiO2 surface to the gas phase were confirmed by the LIF spectrum (see Figure 15b) with the characteristic rotational structure of the transition energies

Electron interactions with the heteronuclear carbonyl precursor H₂FeRu₃(CO)₁₃ and comparison with HFeCo₃(CO)₁₂: from fundamental gas phase and surface science studies to focused electron beam induced deposition

• Ragesh Kumar T P,
• Paul Weirich,
• Lukas Hrachowina,
• Marc Hanefeld,
• Ragnar Bjornsson,
• Helgi Rafn Hrodmarsson,
• Sven Barth,
• D. Howard Fairbrother,
• Michael Huth and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 555–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.53

• carbonyl complex H2FeRu3(CO)13 covering its low energy electron induced fragmentation in the gas phase through dissociative electron attachment (DEA) and dissociative ionization (DI), its decomposition when adsorbed on a surface under controlled ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions and exposed to irradiation

• are largely unaffected by either further electron irradiation or annealing to room temperature, with a predicted metal content similar to what is observed in FEBID. Furthermore, gas phase experiments indicate formation of Fe(CO)4 from H2FeRu3(CO)13 upon low energy electron interaction. This fragment

• could desorb at room temperature under high vacuum conditions, which may explain the slight increase in the Ru/Fe ratio of deposits in FEBID. With the combination of gas phase experiments, surface science studies and actual FEBID experiments, we can offer new insights into the low energy electron

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO₂

• Patrycja Parnicka,
• Paweł Mazierski,
• Tomasz Grzyb,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewa Kowalska,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

• surface properties and the charge carrier recombination processes is presented in Figure 8. The results of the photodegradation significant differences between aqueous solution and gas phase. The quantum yield of the reaction in the gas phase is much higher than that one in aqueous solution due to lower

• light scattering. Also, a lower irradiation intensity is required to perform the photocatalytic reaction in the gas phase [8][49]. Degradation mechanism Based on the obtained results, it can be stated that the Nd-modified TiO2 could be effectively excited by irradiation with visible light. To explore

• using a Perkin Elmer limited LS50B spectrophotometer equipped with a xenon discharge lamp as an excitation source and an R928 photomultiplier as a detector. The obtained solution was measured with an excitation wavelength of 315 nm. Decomposition of toluene in the gas phase was carried out in a flat