Anomeric 1,2,3-triazole-linked sialic acid derivatives show selective inhibition towards a bacterial neuraminidase over a trypanosome trans-sialidase

• Peterson de Andrade,
• Sanaz Ahmadipour and
• Robert A. Field

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 208–216, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.24

• both enzymes (Figure 3A) (and TcTS transferase activity in the presence of an acceptor substrate, such as lactose – Figure 3B) by releasing the fluorophore 4-methylumbelliferone (MU) for detection upon cleavage of the substrate 2'-(4-methylumbelliferyl) α-ᴅ-N-acetylneuraminic acid (MUNANA). Compounds

The role of chemistry in the success of oligonucleotides as therapeutics

• Pawan Kumar and
• Tom Brown

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 197–199, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.22

• oligonucleotide primers and probes for use in diagnostic testing kits for the detection of COVID-19 for tackling the pandemic. With this thematic issue, we express our sincere gratitude to all the scientists for their ground-breaking work to bring oligonucleotide therapeutics to the bedside. We also express our

Study on the interactions between melamine-cored Schiff bases with cucurbit[n]urils of different sizes and its application in detecting silver ions

• Jun-Xian Gou,
• Yang Luo,
• Xi-Nan Yang,
• Wei Zhang,
• Ji-Hong Lu,
• Zhu Tao and
• Xin Xiao

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2950–2958, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.204

• host–guest interactions. Among them, Q[7]-TBT is selected as a UV detector for the detection of silver ions (Ag+). This work makes full use of the characteristics of each cucurbituril and melamine-cored Schiff base to construct a series of complexes and these are applied to metal detection. Keywords

• to yield different metal-organic frameworks [6][7][8][9][10][11], but also can be used as analytical reagents for the detection of different organic and inorganic substances [12][13][14]. Among the various central molecules for the synthesis of Schiff bases, melamine (2,4,6-triamino-s-triazine) has

• supermolecule polymer with TBT due to its larger cavity. Since Q[7] and TBT form a host–guest complex, the carboxyl group at the end of TBT and the carbonyl group of the Q[7] still have a strong ability to coordinate with metals. Therefore, Q[7]-TBT is selected for the detection of silver ions (Ag+) [32][33

First total synthesis of hoshinoamide A

• Haipin Zhou,
• Zihan Rui,
• Yiming Yang,
• Shengtao Xu,
• Yutian Shao and
• Long Liu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2924–2931, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.201

• % CH3CN/H2O and 0.1% TFA over 40 min were applied at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection at 220 nm. Method B: Linear gradient of 10–90–90–10% CH3CN/H2O and 0.1% TFA over 10 min (10–90 vol % MeCN over 6 min, 90–90 vol % over 3 min, 90–10 vol % MeCN over 1 min) were applied at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min

• and detection at 220 nm. Preparative reverse-phase HPLC was performed by using Thermo Scientific Ultimate 3000 equipped with a Thermo Hypersil Gold (5 µm, 150 × 21.2 mm) column adpoting the following buffer systems: A: 0.1% TFA in water. B: 0.1% TFA in MeCN using a 10–90–90–10 vol % MeCN gradient (10

Biological properties and conformational studies of amphiphilic Pd(II) and Ni(II) complexes bearing functionalized aroylaminocarbo-N-thioylpyrrolinate units

• Samet Poyraz,
• Samet Belveren,
• Sabriye Aydınoğlu,
• Mahmut Ulger,
• Abel de Cózar,
• Maria de Gracia Retamosa,
• Jose M. Sansano and
• H. Ali Döndaş

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2812–2821, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.192

• from LECO detection system. General procedure for ligands and complexes Synthesis of selected ligands (L1–L3): The known pyrrolidines and aroylaminocarbo-N-thioylpyrrolidine compounds (L1–L3) were synthesized according to published procedures [15]. Preparation of Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes (L1-M, L2-M

The PIFA-initiated oxidative cyclization of 2-(3-butenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-ones – an efficient approach to 1-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-a]quinazolin-5(1H)-ones

• Alla I. Vaskevych,
• Nataliia O. Savinchuk,
• Ruslan I. Vaskevych,
• Eduard B. Rusanov,
• Oleksandr O. Grygorenko and
• Mykhailo V. Vovk

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2787–2794, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.189

• (doublet), t (triplet), dd (doublet of doublet), q (quartet), m (multiplet) and br s (broad singlet). LC–MS spectra were recorded on an Agilent 1100 Series high-performance liquid chromatograph equipped with a diode matrix with an Agilent LC\MSD SL mass selective detector. Mass spectrometric detection of

GlycoBioinformatics

• Kiyoko F. Aoki-Kinoshita,
• Frédérique Lisacek,
• Niclas Karlsson,
• Daniel Kolarich and
• Nicolle H. Packer

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2726–2728, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.184

• tightly connected to mainstream bioinformatics. For example, databases and tools from genomics can be used for gaining information about genes encoding for glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, and glycan-binding proteins (lectins), and search engines initially designed for the detection of

Cryogels: recent applications in 3D-bioprinting, injectable cryogels, drug delivery, and wound healing

• Luke O. Jones,
• Leah Williams,
• Tasmin Boam,
• Martin Kalmet,
• Chidubem Oguike and
• Fiona L. Hatton

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2553–2569, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.171

• stem cells in cell-based therapies, detection of low levels of biomarkers in the blood (i.e., tumour cells, pathogenic microorganisms, etc.) for disease diagnosis, and general isolation of biological substances for clinical and environmental microbiology hold opportunities for cryogels [13][42][61

Nomimicins B–D, new tetronate-class polyketides from a marine-derived actinomycete of the genus Actinomadura

• Zhiwei Zhang,
• Tao Zhou,
• Taehui Yang,
• Keisuke Fukaya,
• Enjuro Harunari,
• Shun Saito,
• Katsuhisa Yamada,
• Chiaki Imada,
• Daisuke Urabe and
• Yasuhiro Igarashi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2194–2202, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.141

• give 0.23 g of brown oil that was further purified by preparative HPLC (Cosmosil 5C18-ARII, 10 × 250 mm, 4 mL/min, UV detection at 254 nm) with 73% MeCN in 0.1% HCO2H solution to yield nomimicin A (4, 33 mg, tR 21.5 min). Fractions 5 (2:1) and 6 (1:1) were combined and concentrated to provide 0.48 g of

• 5C18-ARII, 10 × 250 mm, 4 mL/min, UV detection at 254 nm) with 52% MeCN in 0.1% HCO2H solution to yield nomimicin B (1, 16.1 mg, tR 19.5 min) and nomimicin C (2, 12.2 mg, tR 21.5 min). Similarly, evaporation of the solvent gave 3.0 g of extract from 2 L of A11M culture. The extract was subjected to

• :3, and 8:2, v/v). The ODS fraction 5 (6:4) was concentrated to give 72.6 mg of semipure material. Final purification using preparative HPLC (Cosmosil XTerra Prep RP18, 10 × 250 mm, 4 mL/min, UV detection at 254 nm) with 38% MeCN in 10 mM NH4HCO3 solution yielded nomimicin D (3, 6.0 mg, tR 30.5 min

Catalyzed and uncatalyzed procedures for the syntheses of isomeric covalent multi-indolyl hetero non-metallides: an account

• Ranadeep Talukdar

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2102–2122, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.137

• ]. Following the assumption (formation of triselenide 145) made by Wilshire [94] together with the detection of the oxidized products isatins in the reaction mixture, a disproportionation mechanism of SeO2 can be drawn giving bis(indol-3-yl)triselenide 145 and SeVI (Scheme 18e). The triselenide 145 converts

Progress and challenges in the synthesis of sequence controlled polysaccharides

• Giulio Fittolani,
• Theodore Tyrikos-Ergas,
• Denisa Vargová,
• Manishkumar A. Chaube and
• Martina Delbianco

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1981–2025, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.129

On the application of 3d metals for C–H activation toward bioactive compounds: The key step for the synthesis of silver bullets

• Renato L. Carvalho,
• Amanda S. de Miranda,
• Mateus P. Nunes,
• Roberto S. Gomes,
• Guilherme A. M. Jardim and
• Eufrânio N. da Silva Júnior

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1849–1938, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.126

Cerium-photocatalyzed aerobic oxidation of benzylic alcohols to aldehydes and ketones

• Girish Suresh Yedase,
• Sumit Kumar,
• Jessica Stahl,
• Burkhard König and
• Veera Reddy Yatham

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1727–1732, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.121

• transfer (LMCT) process, which reduces the CeIV species to CeIII, similarly as reported by Zuo and co-workers [57]. We chose (n-Bu4N)2CeIVCl6 as the CeIV source to ensure a sufficient solubility in organic solvents and to facilitate the detection of the species. The CeIV(OBn)Cln complex was prepared by

A systems-based framework to computationally describe putative transcription factors and signaling pathways regulating glycan biosynthesis

• Theodore Groth,
• Rudiyanto Gunawan and
• Sriram Neelamegham

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1712–1724, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.119

• , glycosaminoglycans, and glycolipids. Thus, multiple glycan changes may accompany oncological transformation. TF–glycogene communities in luminal and basal breast cancer Cytoscape plots were generated for luminal breast cancer (Figure 4a). Here, using the bipartite graph community detection methods [20], we

• (TFs and glycogenes), we treated TF–glycogene networks as bipartite and applied the corresponding procedure for community detection [20]. Firstly, the bipartite TF–glycogene graphs are projected into two different unipartite graphs, where TFs and glycogenes are placed into separate graphs. The edge

Chemical approaches to discover the full potential of peptide nucleic acids in biomedical applications

• Nikita Brodyagin,
• Martins Katkevics,
• Venubabu Kotikam,
• Christopher A. Ryan and
• Eriks Rozners

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1641–1688, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.116

• underexplored technology [131]. Chemically reactive crosslinking PNA nucleobases: PNA has become a highly useful probe for detection of nucleic acids. Not surprisingly, chemists have developed reactive nucleobases for covalently crosslinking PNA and nucleic acid targets. 4-Amino-6-oxo-2-vinylpyrimidine (AOVP

• in cells and animal models Delivery and uptake of oligonucleotides to target tissues and cells is one of the greatest challenges for development of nucleic acid detection probes and therapeutics [14]. This problem is especially critical for in vivo applications of PNA because unmodified PNA, despite

Recent advances in the application of isoindigo derivatives in materials chemistry

• Andrei V. Bogdanov and
• Vladimir F. Mironov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1533–1564, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.111

• = 0.07 cm2⋅V−1⋅s−1. Isoindigo-based sensor devices Isoindigo derivatives have begun to find an application in the design of sensor devices for the detection of simple and complex molecules in various aggregation states. Thus, it was shown that polymer structures based on isoindigo and thiophene 59a,b and

• towards n-butanol. The lower limit of detection was 100 ppm with a response time of less than 10 s. The ability of polymeric isoindigo derivatives to strongly bind to carbon nanotubes due to π-stacking was used to create sensors for the determination of NO2 in the gaseous state (see polymer 61) and

• glucose in solution (see polymer 62) [108][109]. The limit of sensitivity of the sensor for nitrogen dioxide was 60 ppm and for glucose 0.026 mM. For the example of the fairly simple arylamine series 63, the possibility of using isoindigo polymer for the detection of explosives (trinitrophenol and

Substituted nitrogen-bridged diazocines

• Pascal Lentes,
• Jeremy Rudtke,
• Thomas Griebenow and
• Rainer Herges

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1503–1508, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.107

• . Moreover, the photoconversion yield for the E→Z isomerization is quantitative (within the detection limit of UV and NMR spectroscopy). A high efficiency in switching the biological activity off is important to avoid side effects of residual concentrations of the active form [13]. Water solubility and high

Double-headed nucleosides: Synthesis and applications

• Vineet Verma,
• Jyotirmoy Maity,
• Vipin K. Maikhuri,
• Ritika Sharma,
• Himal K. Ganguly and
• Ashok K. Prasad

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1392–1439, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.98

• was hybridized with a DNA target. The double-headed nucleoside 41 has potential in DNA invader probes as well as in RNA targeting and detection [23]. 1,3-Furanosyl double-headed nucleosides In this section, all double-headed nucleosides with furanosyl ring structures are collected. The first

Analogs of the carotane antibiotic fulvoferruginin from submerged cultures of a Thai Marasmius sp.

• Birthe Sandargo,
• Leon Kaysan,
• Rémy B. Teponno,
• Christian Richter,
• Benjarong Thongbai,
• Frank Surup and
• Marc Stadler

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1385–1391, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.97

• min, flow rate: 0.6 mL/min, UV detection 200–600 nm, was used to obtain the HRESIMS data. NMR spectra were acquired on a Bruker Avance III 700 MHz spectrometer (Bremen, Germany) equipped with a 5 mm TCI cryoprobe (1H NMR (700 MHz), 13C NMR (175 MHz)). Optical rotations of the metabolites were measured

• % FA served as mobile phase, running a gradient of 10 min at 5% acetonitrile + 0.1% FA, then increasing to 100% within 70 min, flow rate: 40 mL/min, UV detection at 200–600 nm. Pre-fractions were further separated using a Luna C18(2) 250 × 21 mm, 7 μm column (Phenomenex, Aschaffenburg, Germany) and

Antiviral therapy in shrimp through plant virus VLP containing VP28 dsRNA against WSSV

• Santiago Ramos-Carreño,
• Ivone Giffard-Mena,
• Jose N. Zamudio-Ocadiz,
• Alfredo Nuñez-Rivera,
• Ricardo Valencia-Yañez,
• Jaime Ruiz-Garcia,
• Maria Teresa Viana and
• Ruben D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1360–1373, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.95

• ). Pellets with VLP-dsRNAvp28 prepared with commercial binders (Dry Oil® and NutriKelp®) are described in Supporting Information File 1. Detection of WSSV by real-time quantitative PCR. The real-time PCR (qPCR) for quantitation of WSSV was performed using DNA isolated from shrimp muscle tissue and TaqMan

• concentration range of the standard curve was 3.9 × 109 to 3.9 × 104 copies/ng. The ABI StepOnePlus v2.0 sequence detection system software (Applied Biosystems, USA) was used. Amplification reactions included all shrimp were analyzed (alive, dying and dead) from each experimental group. The viral load of WSSV

• considered significant. For the WSSV detection, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the average number of copies of WSSV and the average number of copies between treatments was analyzed with the Tukey’s test (a = 0.05). The Student's t-test was used to obtain significant differences (t – 95

Icilio Guareschi and his amazing “1897 reaction”

• Gian Cesare Tron,
• Alberto Minassi,
• Giovanni Sorba,
• Mara Fausone and
• Giovanni Appendino

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1335–1351, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.93

• involvement of Guareschi in the first edition of the Italian Pharmacopoeia was accompanied by the production of an extensive commentary to be used by both pharmacists and industrialists. In connection with his interest in chemistry and art, Guareschi described a color reaction for the selective detection of

A new glance at the chemosphere of macroalgal–bacterial interactions: In situ profiling of metabolites in symbiosis by mass spectrometry

• Marine Vallet,
• Filip Kaftan,
• Veit Grabe,
• Fatemeh Ghaderiardakani,
• Simona Fenizia,
• Aleš Svatoš,
• Georg Pohnert and
• Thomas Wichard

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1313–1322, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.91

• (1024 × 1024) were acquired using a Zeiss cLSM 880 (Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen, Germany) with a Plan-Apochromat 20 × 0.8 and 488 nm Argon-laser excitation (5% transmission). Emission wavelengths for SYBR Gold (490–650 nm) and chlorophyll A (653–735 nm) were separated via the spectral detection unit

Structural effects of meso-halogenation on porphyrins

• Keith J. Flanagan,
• Maximilian Paradiz Dominguez,
• Zoi Melissari,
• Hans-Georg Eckhardt,
• René M. Williams,
• Dáire Gibbons,
• Caroline Prior,
• Gemma M. Locke,
• Alina Meindl,
• Aoife A. Ryan and
• Mathias O. Senge

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1149–1170, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.88

• bisporophyrin via reaction of the starting material with PhLi followed by in situ oxidation to a radical anion and dimerization [55]. While formation of 5,10,15-trisubstituted porphyrins and 5,10,15,20-tetrasubstituted porphyrins was anticipated as side products, the detection of the title compound 4 was

Metal-free glycosylation with glycosyl fluorides in liquid SO₂

• Krista Gulbe,
• Jevgeņija Lugiņina,
• Edijs Jansons,
• Artis Kinens and
• Māris Turks

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 964–976, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.78

• can be performed in widely available glass pressure tubes. Detection of the FSO2− species by 19F NMR (471 MHz, D2O). Computational study of reaction mechanism α-11 + MeOH → α-13c in the presence of and in absence of SO2 (Gaussian 09, Revision D.01; Gaussian, Inc.; m052x method and the 6-31+g(d) basis

Enhanced target cell specificity and uptake of lipid nanoparticles using RNA aptamers and peptides

• Roslyn M. Ray,
• Anders Højgaard Hansen,
• Maria Taskova,
• Bernhard Jandl,
• Jonas Hansen,
• Citra Soemardy,
• Kevin V. Morris and
• Kira Astakhova

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 891–907, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.75

• percentage of Cy5-positive cell detection and a higher MFI compared to the hCMEC/D3 barrier (Figure 2D and Supporting Information File 1, Figure S4). Collectively, these data suggest that the candidate LNPs, particularly LNP B9 G-3 T7, may increase uptake through tight junctions and prove useful in

• Nano ZS (Malvern Instruments, UK), having He–Ne 633 nm laser at an angle of detection of 90°, with an incubation time of 60 s. Samples were diluted 50-fold in Milli-Q water and placed into the disposable plastic cuvettes for measurement performed in triplicates (n ≥ 3) to obtain a mean value. NTA

• h later, the apical layer was removed, and the basolateral cells were washed, trypsinized, and resuspended in 1× PBS. Detection of Cy5 was measured by flow cytometry on a BD Accuri™ C6 device (Becton, Dickinson and Company, NJ), and the data was analyzed using FlowJo™ Version 10.7.1 (Becton