Strategies for the synthesis of brevipolides

• Yudhi D. Kurniawan and
• A'liyatur Rosyidah

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2399–2416, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.157

• folk medicines [2][3][5][6][7][8][9][10] to pest management [2][3]. These traditional applications stimulated researchers to conduct biological studies with these plant extracts. A variety of bioactivities were then evidenced, such as antifungal, antibacterial [4][9] insecticidal [7], and radical

Isolation and characterization of new phenolic siderophores with antimicrobial properties from Pseudomonas sp. UIAU-6B

• Emmanuel T. Oluwabusola,
• Olusoji O. Adebisi,
• Fernando Reyes,
• Kojo S. Acquah,
• Mercedes De La Cruz,
• Larry L. Mweetwa,
• Joy E. Rajakulendran,
• Digby F. Warner,
• Deng Hai,
• Rainer Ebel and
• Marcel Jaspars

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2390–2398, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.156

• -spectrum biological functions which include antifungal [9][10][11] and antibacterial activities [12][13][14]. Natural product scaffolds isolated from species of this genus have contributed immensely as leads to drug discovery and development [15]. For instance, clofazimine [16], the antimycobacterial agent

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 1H-1,2,3-triazole and carboxylate analogues of metronidazole

• Satya Kumar Avula,
• Syed Raza Shah,
• Khdija Al-Hosni,
• Muhammad U. Anwar,
• Rene Csuk,
• Biswanath Das and
• Ahmed Al-Harrasi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2377–2384, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.154

• metronidazole derivatives. The antimicrobial (antifungal and antibacterial) activity of the prepared compounds was studied. All compounds (except 2 and 3) showed a potent inhibition rate of fungal growth as compared to control and metronidazole. The synthetic compounds also showed higher bacterial growth

• elements (metronidazole core and triazole moiety) were considered as rigid motif with an alkyl/aryl group attached to the triazole unit. A diverse array of functional groups in the aromatic ring influencing the antimicrobial activity of the molecules have been utilized. Antifungal activity of compounds The

• antifungal activity of all compounds were evaluated by inhibiting the growth of Didymella sp. (Figure 7 and Table 3). The fungal colony after 7 days of control treatment was noted to be 8.6 cm in diameter. Whereas, the growth of the fungal colony was detected maximum, i.e., 8.8 ± 0.2 and 9.0 ± 0.3 cm against

Transition-metal-free intramolecular Friedel–Crafts reaction by alkene activation: A method for the synthesis of some novel xanthene derivatives

• Tülay Yıldız,
• İrem Baştaş and
• Hatice Başpınar Küçük

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2203–2208, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.142

• -methyl-9-arylxanthenes 5a–l may be used in the pharmaceutical chemistry field as native and bioactive products, and their biochemical potentials and efficiencies will be investigated in the coming years because of their potential biological uses, such as antileukemic, antifungal, antimycobacterial

Asymmetric organocatalyzed synthesis of coumarin derivatives

• Natália M. Moreira,
• Lorena S. R. Martelli and
• Arlene G. Corrêa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1952–1980, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.128

• plant constituents and display a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities, such as anticancer [1], antibacterial [2], and antifungal [3]. Moreover, coumarin derivatives have shown activity against neglected diseases as leishmaniasis [4], tuberculosis [5][6] and Chagas’ disease [7

On the application of 3d metals for C–H activation toward bioactive compounds: The key step for the synthesis of silver bullets

• Renato L. Carvalho,
• Amanda S. de Miranda,
• Mateus P. Nunes,
• Roberto S. Gomes,
• Guilherme A. M. Jardim and
• Eufrânio N. da Silva Júnior

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1849–1938, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.126

Natural products in the predatory defence of the filamentous fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus

• Jana M. Boysen,
• Nauman Saeed and
• Falk Hillmann

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1814–1827, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.124

• fungi also produce compounds with antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal properties to ward of both competitors and predators. The mycotoxins aflatoxin B1 (1) from Aspergillus flavus and patulin (2), produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium species, exhibit insecticidal activity against Drosophila

• verruculogen to fumitremorgin A remains to be elucidated. Like several other clusters, the biosynthesis of fumitremorgins is dependent on LaeA [124]. Fumitremorgin B was shown to have antifungal properties against phytopathogenic fungi, antifeedant properties against army-worm larvae and toxic on brine shrimp

• and the 3-keto group are crucial for its antibacterial activity whereas, acetylation of the C-6 hydroxy group reduces the activity of HA [169]. Previous studies have also shown the antitrypanosomal, antifungal and cilioinhibitory properties of HA [72][83][86][87][88]. For these properties and little

Sustainable manganese catalysis for late-stage C–H functionalization of bioactive structural motifs

• Jongwoo Son

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1733–1751, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.122

• process facilitated the fluorination of sclareolide (1) and complex steroid 3. Sclareolide (1) is a naturally available terpenoid with antifungal and anticancer activities [23]. Under the optimized reaction conditions, sclareolide (1) is fluorinated at the C2 and C3 positions in 42% (see 2a) and 16% yield

Volatile emission and biosynthesis in endophytic fungi colonizing black poplar leaves

• Christin Walther,
• Pamela Baumann,
• Katrin Luck,
• Beate Rothe,
• Peter H. W. Biedermann,
• Jonathan Gershenzon,
• Tobias G. Köllner and
• Sybille B. Unsicker

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1698–1711, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.118

• work on this question is needed [63][75]. The volatiles found to be emitted from black poplar endophytic fungi in this study could have important biological activities. For instance, ethanol (17) and 2-phenylethanol (3) are known to have antifungal and phytotoxic activity and so could help the

• that are known to have antifungal and phytotoxic effects and may be produced to compete with other microbial species. Several also produce diverse mixtures of sesquiterpenes. Interestingly, several VOCs emitted from the endophytes were earlier reported to be emitted by black poplar. We characterized

Chemical approaches to discover the full potential of peptide nucleic acids in biomedical applications

• Nikita Brodyagin,
• Martins Katkevics,
• Venubabu Kotikam,
• Christopher A. Ryan and
• Eriks Rozners

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1641–1688, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.116

Double-headed nucleosides: Synthesis and applications

• Vineet Verma,
• Jyotirmoy Maity,
• Vipin K. Maikhuri,
• Ritika Sharma,
• Himal K. Ganguly and
• Ashok K. Prasad

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1392–1439, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.98

Analogs of the carotane antibiotic fulvoferruginin from submerged cultures of a Thai Marasmius sp.

• Birthe Sandargo,
• Leon Kaysan,
• Rémy B. Teponno,
• Christian Richter,
• Benjarong Thongbai,
• Frank Surup and
• Marc Stadler

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1385–1391, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.97

• moderate antifungal activity. A recent find of a Marasmius species in Northern Thailand led, however, to the isolation and identification of five novel derivatives of this carotane-type sesquiterpenoid. The present study is dedicated to describing their isolation, and biological and physicochemical

• fulvoferruginins A–F (1–6), aside from the known antifungal activity of fulvoferruginin (1), no other antimicrobial activities were observed (Table S2 in Supporting Information File 1). All metabolites were also tested against the murine fibroblast cell line L929 and the cervix carcinoma cell line KB3.1. While all

A comprehensive review of flow chemistry techniques tailored to the flavours and fragrances industries

• Guido Gambacorta,
• James S. Sharley and
• Ian R. Baxendale

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1181–1312, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.90

Microwave-assisted multicomponent reactions in heterocyclic chemistry and mechanistic aspects

• Shivani Gulati,
• Stephy Elza John and
• Nagula Shankaraiah

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 819–865, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.71

Synthesis of dibenzosuberenone-based novel polycyclic π-conjugated dihydropyridazines, pyridazines and pyrroles

• Ramazan Koçak and
• Arif Daştan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 719–729, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.61

• , antihypertensive, anti-Parkinson, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, vasodilatory, antidiabetic, antitubercular, antifungal, and antibacterial activities [32][33][34][35][36][37][38], pH-sensing [39], OLEDs [40], chemiluminescent materials [41][42], metal complexes (Figure 1) [43][44][45][46], liquid crystal [47

Breakdown of 3-(allylsulfonio)propanoates in bacteria from the Roseobacter group yields garlic oil constituents

• Anuj Kumar Chhalodia and
• Jeroen S. Dickschat

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 569–580, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.51

• antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects [4]. Later on, also heterocyclic compounds including 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiine (6) and 3-vinyl-3,4-dihydro-1,2-dithiine (7) were discovered [5]. The formation of these volatile sulfur compounds starts from alliin (9) [6], a non

Amino- and polyaminophthalazin-1(2H)-ones: synthesis, coordination properties, and biological activity

• Zbigniew Malinowski,
• Emilia Fornal,
• Agata Sumara,
• Renata Kontek,
• Karol Bukowski,
• Beata Pasternak,
• Dariusz Sroczyński,
• Joachim Kusz,
• Magdalena Małecka and
• Monika Nowak

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 558–568, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.50

• analogs are an interesting group of pharmacologically active heterocycles [1][2], many of which possess, e.g., antimicrobial [3][4], antifungal [5], antidepressant [6][7], and antihistaminic [8][9][10] properties. Amino- and amidophthalazine derivatives have been examined, e.g., as inhibitors of PGE2

The synthesis of chiral β-naphthyl-β-sulfanyl ketones via enantioselective sulfa-Michael reaction in the presence of a bifunctional cinchona/sulfonamide organocatalyst

• Deniz Tözendemir and
• Cihangir Tanyeli

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 494–503, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.43

• outshined by sulfonamides in medicinal chemistry, they have a large array of biologic activities that show promising effects as potent anti-HIV-1 [34], anti-hepatitis C [35], antifungal [36], insecticidal/acaricial [37] and antimalarial [38] agents. Results and Discussion We have previously reported the

Progress in the total synthesis of inthomycins

• Bidyut Kumar Senapati

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 58–82, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.7

• Omura’s group in 1995 [3]. Inthomycin A ((+)-1) displays moderate antifungal activity against cellulose-containing Phytophthora parasitica and Phytophthora capsici [4]. Inthomycins were reported to possess many interesting biological properties, which include the specific inhibition of the cellular

Secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis impact the assembly of soil-derived semisynthetic bacterial communities

• Heiko T. Kiesewalter,
• Carlos N. Lozano-Andrade,
• Mikael L. Strube and
• Ákos T. Kovács

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2983–2998, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.248

• ][44]. It is presumed that the antifungal plipastatin, expressed from the ppsA-E gene cluster, acts as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2, forming pores in the fungal membrane and causing morphological changes in the fungal membrane and cell wall [45][46]. This antifungal potential was demonstrated

NMR Spectroscopy of supramolecular chemistry on protein surfaces

• Peter Bayer,
• Anja Matena and
• Christine Beuck

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2505–2522, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.203

• phosphonato-calix[n]arenes of different ring sizes (n = 4, 6 or 8) to Cyt c [20][23][24][26][27][28] and the antifungal protein PAF [25] as model proteins. These studies combined 15N-HSQC titrations with X-ray crystallography, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and size exclusion with light scattering

Styryl-based new organic chromophores bearing free amino and azomethine groups: synthesis, photophysical, NLO, and thermal properties

• Anka Utama Putra,
• Deniz Çakmaz,
• Nurgül Seferoğlu,
• Alberto Barsella and
• Zeynel Seferoğlu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2282–2296, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.189

• azomethine group are one of the most widely used organic dyes because of their easy and cheap synthetic accessibility through various methodologies and suitable photophysical properties. In addition, they exhibit a broad range of biological activities such as antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, and

Access to highly substituted oxazoles by the reaction of α-azidochalcone with potassium thiocyanate

• Mysore Bhyrappa Harisha,
• Pandi Dhanalakshmi,
• Rajendran Suresh,
• Raju Ranjith Kumar and
• Shanmugam Muthusubramanian

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2108–2118, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.178

• ][22][23][24][25][26]. Some oxazoles play a significant role in biological properties such as TRPV1 antagonistical activity, antifungal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antileukemia, anticancer [27][28][29][30][31][32] and enzyme inhibitory activities [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40

Et₃N/DMSO-supported one-pot synthesis of highly fluorescent β-carboline-linked benzothiophenones via sulfur insertion and estimation of the photophysical properties

• Dharmender Singh,
• Vipin Kumar and
• Virender Singh

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1740–1753, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.146

• products [1][2][3][4] and pharmacologically active compounds endowed with anticancer [5][6][7][8][9], anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimalarial, antifungal, and antileishmanial activities (Figure 1) [10][11][12][13]. Notably, this privileged scaffold is incorporated in several marketed drugs such as

Tuneable access to indole, indolone, and cinnoline derivatives from a common 1,4-diketone Michael acceptor

• Dalel El-Marrouki,
• Sabrina Touchet,
• Abderrahmen Abdelli,
• Hédi M’Rabet,
• Mohamed Lotfi Efrit and
• Philippe C. Gros

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1722–1731, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.144

• antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, or anti-inflammatory agents or even on the central nervous system [7][12][13]. Several routes have been reported to access these key compounds, the most developed being for the indole [14] derivatives using the Fischer indole synthesis involving sigmatropic rearrangements