Selective synthesis of α-organylthio esters and α-organylthio ketones from β-keto esters and sodium S-organyl sulfurothioates under basic conditions

• Jean C. Kazmierczak,
• Roberta Cargnelutti,
• Thiago Barcellos,
• Claudio C. Silveira and
• Ricardo F. Schumacher

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 234–244, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.24

• between the keto and the enol tautomer is given based on the 1H NMR analysis. These results are consistent with the report by Tan and collaborators [55] and are evidence to help understand the reaction mechanism. Although detailed mechanisms for these reactions remain to be elucidated, the literature has

A sustainable strategy for the straightforward preparation of 2H-azirines and highly functionalized NH-aziridines from vinyl azides using a single solvent flow-batch approach

• Michael Andresini,
• Leonardo Degannaro and
• Renzo Luisi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 203–209, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.20

• , into the coil reactor maintained at the temperature of 130 °C, and the residence time varied by adjusting the flow rate (Table 2). The reaction yield was calculated by 1H NMR analysis of the crude. In details, conversion of 1a in 2a increased from 33% to >99% by adjusting the residence time from 4 min

Silver-catalyzed synthesis of β-fluorovinylphosphonates by phosphonofluorination of aromatic alkynes

• Yajing Zhang,
• Qingshan Tian,
• Guozhu Zhang and
• Dayong Zhang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 3086–3092, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.258

• . aThe E/Z ratio was determined by 1H NMR analysis of the reaction mixture after the reaction reached completion. Substrate scope for the synthesis of the β-fluorovinylphosphonates 3 using dimethyl phosphite. Reaction conditions: aromatic alkyne 1 (0.2 mmol), AgOAc (0.02 mmol), dimethyl phosphite (0.4

Amine–borane complex-initiated SF₅Cl radical addition on alkenes and alkynes

• Audrey Gilbert,
• Pauline Langowski,
• Marine Delgado,
• Laurent Chabaud,
• Mathieu Pucheault and
• Jean-François Paquin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 3069–3077, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.256

• reported. aYield estimated by 19F NMR analysis of the crude mixture using 2-fluoro-4-nitrotoluene as an internal standard. Scope of the Et3B and the DICAB-initiated SF5Cl additions on alkynes. Unless noted otherwise, isolated yields are reported. aYield estimated by 19F NMR analysis of the crude mixture

Deoxyfluorination of acyl fluorides to trifluoromethyl compounds by FLUOLEAD^®/Olah’s reagent under solvent-free conditions

• Yumeng Liang,
• Akihito Taya,
• Zhengyu Zhao,
• Norimichi Saito and
• Norio Shibata

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 3052–3058, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.254

• mL), and the combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The yield was determined by 19F NMR analysis of the crude mixture by using C6H5OCF3 (40.0 μL, 0.3 mmol, 1.0 equiv) as an internal standard. The residue was purified by silica gel

Changed reactivity of secondary hydroxy groups in C8-modified adenosine – lessons learned from silylation

• Jennifer Frommer and
• Sabine Müller

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2854–2861, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.234

• concluded from NMR analysis, this also applies to the adenosine derivative reported here. However, standard reaction conditions that should preferentially lead to the 2’-O-TBDMS isomer, here favored formation of the 3’-O-isomer in fourfold excess, and we were not able to find conditions that would reverse

Catalytic trifluoromethylation of iodoarenes by use of 2-trifluoromethylated benzimidazoline as trifluoromethylating reagent

• Tatsuhiro Uchikura,
• Nanami Kamiyama,
• Taisuke Ishikawa and
• Takahiko Akiyama

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2442–2447, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.198

• and 6c in high yields. Furthermore, iodopyrazine was applicable to furnish 6d in 63% yield. Finally, a mechanistic study of the reaction was carried out. First, the active species of the reaction was investigated by NMR analysis. The generation of Cu(I)–CF3 was observed by mixing benzimidazoline 2 and

Synthesis of 6,13-difluoropentacene

• Matthias W. Tripp and
• Ulrich Koert

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2136–2140, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.181

• without noticeable decomposition. However, in solution under ambient atmosphere and sunlight decomposition takes place quickly, which is indicated by decolorization of a purple solution in CH2Cl2 within 3 min. 1H NMR analysis showed 6,13-pentacenequinone (15) as the degradation product. The rate of

Selective preparation of tetrasubstituted fluoroalkenes by fluorine-directed oxetane ring-opening reactions

• Clément Q. Fontenelle,
• Thibault Thierry,
• Romain Laporte,
• Emmanuel Pfund and
• Thierry Lequeux

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1936–1946, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.160

• ) and CSA (2 equiv) an 84% conversion into mainly brominated lactone 15 (79%) with traces of hydroxylated lactone 14, and of bromoalkene Z-13 was determined by crude 19F NMR. The remaining 8% appeared to be the β-chloromethyllactone 19 (see Scheme 7 below), an analogue of 15 as determined by NMR

• analysis and supported by HRMS. All three halogenated products were purified and isolated as a mixture (≈61% determined by NMR). The contrasting result observed with HBr/AcOH and TBAB/CSA highlighted the importance of the acidity of the medium on the reaction course of the ring-opening reaction (Scheme 5

Fluorohydration of alkynes via I(I)/I(III) catalysis

• Jessica Neufeld,
• Constantin G. Daniliuc and
• Ryan Gilmour

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1627–1635, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.135

• spectroscopical yields determined by 19F NMR analysis of the crude reaction mixtures using ethyl fluoroacetate as an internal standard. (A) Hammett plot varying the para-substitution on the alkyne (ρ ≈ 0). (B) Hammett plot varying the para-substitution on the catalyst (ρ < 0). An overview of the I(I)/I(III

• parentheses (determined by 19F NMR analysis of the crude reaction mixture using ethyl fluoroacetate as internal standard). See Supporting Information File 1 for the exact calculation of the amine/HF mixtures. Reaction optimisation for the synthesis of α-fluoroketone 2 from alkyne 1.a Investigating the role of

Synthesis of new dihydroberberine and tetrahydroberberine analogues and evaluation of their antiproliferative activity on NCI-H1975 cells

• Giacomo Mari,
• Lucia De Crescentini,
• Serena Benedetti,
• Francesco Palma,
• Stefania Santeusanio and
• Fabio Mantellini

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1606–1616, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.133

• ). From the comparison between the 1H NMR spectra of DHBER 2a and THBER 3a, it can also be noted as the chemical shifts of 6-C, and 8-C protons, which are the closest to the N-7 nitrogen atom are significantly shifted downfield (assigned by 2D-NMR analysis, see Supporting Information File 1). For example

NHC-catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of β-trifluoromethyl-β-hydroxyamides

• Alyn T. Davies,
• Mark D. Greenhalgh,
• Alexandra M. Z. Slawin and
• Andrew D. Smith

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1572–1578, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.129

• -aroyloxyaldehyde 4 and trifluoromethylacetophenone (5) as reactants began using the NHC precatalyst 3, triethylamine as the base, and THF as the solvent (Table 1, entry 1). A moderate conversion (48%, as determined by NMR analysis) to the desired β-lactone product 6 as a 70:30 mixture of diastereoisomers was

• the NHC-catalyzed formal [2 + 2] cycloaddition in THF, a subsequent ring opening step with allylamine was investigated. Although the diastereomeric ratio of the resultant crude reaction mixture was 75:25 after chromatographic purification, as seen by NMR analysis, the corresponding β-trifluoromethyl-β

The McKenna reaction – avoiding side reactions in phosphonate deprotection

• Katarzyna Justyna,
• Joanna Małolepsza,
• Damian Kusy,
• Waldemar Maniukiewicz and
• Katarzyna M. Błażewska

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1436–1446, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.119

• , resulting from HBr addition to the triple bond. The presence of these products was confirmed by 1H NMR analysis [signals at δ 5.56 and δ 5.85 ppm representing protons in 16 (CBr=CH2) and multiplets at δ 6.29 and 6.33 ppm representing protons in 17 (CH=CHBr)]. In order to identify the factor(s) responsible

Synthesis of pyrrolidinedione-fused hexahydropyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines via three-component [3 + 2] cycloaddition followed by one-pot N-allylation and intramolecular Heck reactions

• Xiaoming Ma,
• Suzhi Meng,
• Xiaofeng Zhang,
• Qiang Zhang,
• Shenghu Yan,
• Yue Zhang and
• Wei Zhang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1225–1233, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.106

• hexahydropyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline compounds 9a–o in moderate to good yields as a single isomers which were confirmed by 1H NMR analysis of the crude reaction mixtures. The substitution groups R3 (Me, Et, Ph, Bn, c-C6H11) on maleimide have no significant influence on the product yields to afford 9a–f in 73–80

Accelerating fragment-based library generation by coupling high-performance photoreactors with benchtop analysis

• Quentin Lefebvre,
• Christophe Salomé and
• Thomas C. Fessard

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 982–988, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.87

• ). Out of the 15 reactions showing product formation by TLC–MS, 7 gave the product in sufficient purity after one round of purification, while 8 were contaminated with solvent impurities, or obtained in too low yields for appropriate NMR analysis. Fourteen did not give the expected product, often showing

Diversity-oriented synthesis of 17-spirosteroids

• Benjamin Laroche,
• Thomas Bouvarel,
• Martin Louis-Sylvestre and
• Bastien Nay

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 880–887, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.79

• structure and stereochemistry of the products were determined by 2D NMR analysis. Taking 16b as an example, the key NOESY correlations between proton H-4' at 2.79 ppm and steroid protons H-12 at 1.33/1.65 ppm demonstrated that H-4' is on the α-face of the cyclohexene (Figure 3a). The endo character of the

Photocatalytic deaminative benzylation and alkylation of tetrahydroisoquinolines with N-alkylpyrydinium salts

• David Schönbauer,
• Carlo Sambiagio,
• Timothy Noël and
• Michael Schnürch

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 809–817, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.74

• the bisbenzylated side product 21a. According to NMR analysis (COSY, HSQC and HMBC, see Supporting Information File 1), this second benzyl group was attached to position 7 of the THIQ scaffold. Additionally, the effect of different substituents on the THIQ core was investigated. A fluoro substituent

One-pot synthesis of dicyclopenta-fused peropyrene via a fourfold alkyne annulation

• Ji Ma,
• Yubin Fu,
• Junzhi Liu and
• Xinliang Feng

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 791–797, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.72

• annulation was favorable for the formation of six-membered rings. Nevertheless, the existence of several rotamers of 1 derived from the restricted rotation of the peripheral phenyl ring substituents and its nonplanar geometry prevented the structure elucidation by proton NMR analysis [35]. Single crystals of

Asymmetric synthesis of CF₂-functionalized aziridines by combined strong Brønsted acid catalysis

• Xing-Fa Tan,
• Fa-Guang Zhang and
• Jun-An Ma

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 638–644, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.60

• ) were added and the mixture was reacted at rt for 24 hours unless otherwise annotated. The yields are those of isolated products, and the dr was determined by 19F NMR analysis of the crude mixture. The results in parentheses are those of isolated products after the dissolution–filtration process: The

Design and synthesis of diazine-based panobinostat analogues for HDAC8 inhibition

• Sivaraman Balasubramaniam,
• Sajith Vijayan,
• Liam V. Goldman,
• Xavier A. May,
• Kyra Dodson,
• Sweta Adhikari,
• Fatima Rivas,
• Davita L. Watkins and
• Shana V. Stoddard

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 628–637, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.59

• Information File 1, Figure S7) and δ 6.57 and 7.63 ppm with a J value of 15 Hz for compound 18 (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S9) as inferred by 1H NMR analysis. The resulting Suzuki-coupled products 16 and 18, were subjected to benzylic oxidation expecting the olefin functionality would facilitate

Regioselectively α- and β-alkynylated BODIPY dyes via gold(I)-catalyzed direct C–H functionalization and their photophysical properties

• Takahide Shimada,
• Shigeki Mori,
• Masatoshi Ishida and
• Hiroyuki Furuta

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 587–595, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.53

• comparative NMR analysis and mass spectrometry (see Supporting Information File 1). Optical properties The α- and β-ethynyl-substituted BODIPYs exhibit large bathochromic shifts in the absorption and fluorescence spectra relative to the unsubstituted 1a with extended π-conjugation (Figure 4 and Figure 5). The

Copper-catalyzed enantioselective conjugate reduction of α,β-unsaturated esters with chiral phenol–carbene ligands

• Shohei Mimura,
• Sho Mizushima,
• Yohei Shimizu and
• Masaya Sawamura

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 537–543, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.50

• diethoxymethylsilane (4 equiv) as a reductant and t-AmOH (1 equiv) as a protonation reagent in DMA as the solvent at 25 °C for 15 h, the product 2a was produced in 98% yield (1H NMR analysis) with a promising enantioselectivity of 69% ee (Table 1, entry 1). When the phenolic hydroxy group of L1 was changed to a

• % by 1H NMR analysis with 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane as an internal standard. After a rough purification of the crude product by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0 to 1% EtOAc/hexane), the collected residue was further purified by GPC (eluent: CHCl3) to afford the pure product 2a as colorless oil

Controlling alkyne reactivity by means of a copper-catalyzed radical reaction system for the synthesis of functionalized quaternary carbons

• Goki Hirata,
• Yu Yamane,
• Naoya Tsubaki,
• Reina Hara and
• Takashi Nishikata

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 502–508, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.45

• determined by 1H NMR analysis. Substrate scope of 2 and 4. aConducted at 100 °C for 20 h in 1,4-dioxane with CuI (10 mol %), 1,10-Phen (10 mol %), Cy2NMe (1.0 equiv), 2 (1.0 equiv) and 4 (3.0 equiv). Yields were determined by 1H NMR analysis. bIncluding E and Z isomers. Reaction modes of alkyne. Proposed

Photophysics and photochemistry of NIR absorbers derived from cyanines: key to new technologies based on chemistry 4.0

• Bernd Strehmel,
• Christian Schmitz,
• Ceren Kütahya,
• Yulian Pang,
• Anke Drewitz and
• Heinz Mustroph

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 415–444, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.40

Formal preparation of regioregular and alternating thiophene–thiophene copolymers bearing different substituents

• Atsunori Mori,
• Keisuke Fujita,
• Chihiro Kubota,
• Toyoko Suzuki,
• Kentaro Okano,
• Takuya Matsumoto,
• Takashi Nishino and
• Masaki Horie

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 317–324, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.31

• (10 mL) to form a precipitate, which was filtered off to leave a dark purple solid. After washing with methanol and hexanes repeatedly, the solid was dried under reduced pressure to afford 79.6 mg of 6b (84% isolated yield). The HT regioregularity was confirmed by 1H NMR analysis, and the molecular